RU203385U1 - Incendiary fragmentation projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to weapons, namely to incendiary fragmentation ammunition. An incendiary projectile contains a body with an explosive charge, a head trajectory-contact fuse equipped with detonation and pyrotechnic channels, an axial tube with a bottom, fastened in the rear part of the projectile with a bottom sleeve with a cut-off thread, a fragmentation unit with ready-made striking elements, a pyrotechnic expelling charge , adjacent to the bottom of the pipe and the pyrotechnic channel, a drop-down stabilizer. A pyro-retarder-igniter is located in the bottom sleeve with a cut-off thread. The fragmentation block contains an additional perforated gas outlet tube adjacent to the bottom sleeve, an igniter composition. As ready-made striking elements, incendiary elements are placed in metal shells with compositions based on self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. The technical result consists in increasing the effectiveness of the incendiary fragmentation projectile. 5 ill.

Description

The utility model refers to multipurpose ammunition (shells, warheads, aerial bombs) of high-explosive incendiary action with circular and axial damage fields.

Known incendiary shells on the principle of a device similar to shrapnel, and designed to destroy personnel, military equipment, property and transport (see Tretyakov GM Artillery ammunition. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1947, p. 201). An incendiary projectile is a remote-action projectile consisting of a body, a screw head, incendiary elements (“segments”), a diaphragm, an expelling charge, and a distance tube (fuse). The difference from shrapnel is that instead of bullets, the free volume between the head and the diaphragm is filled with incendiary elements stacked in several rows. Each such element is a shell of sheet iron with an incendiary pressed into it with a combustion temperature of 2000 ... 2500 ° C. In US patent No. 3.669.020, cl. 102-G with a priority from 6.5.1970, in the device of an incendiary bomb, a composition containing a combustible metal and a fluorocarbon polymer is used as an incendiary composition with the following ratio of components: 50-80% metal and 20-50% polytetrafluoroethylene. As follows from the materials of the patent, magnesium, aluminum or aluminum-magnesium alloy is used as a combustible metal. Under the action of the ammunition containing the specified composition in its device, burning particles are formed with a burning time of 2 s.

The main disadvantage of such ammunition is the absence of a fragmentation field of destruction, which significantly reduces and limits the combat capabilities of this projectile due to the low penetration capacity of incendiary elements when acting on targets with flammable materials with protective screens (tanks and tanks with fuel, aircraft and helicopters at parking, automotive equipment, etc.).

Known buckshot projectile according to the RF patent for invention No. 2353897 dated 04.11.2004, which partially eliminates the disadvantages of an incendiary projectile, containing a shell made of high-strength solid fuel with a pallet, inside which is a set of striking elements (PE).

Along the axis of the projectile, there is a perforated gas outlet tube connected to a nozzle that is fitted to the pallet.

An increase in the efficiency of a bucket projectile is due to an increase in the speed of striking fragmentation elements and an additional effect due to their heating to a temperature of 600 ... 800 ° C when the combustion products of a solid fuel shell pass through the gaps between them.

It should be noted that the buckshot projectile has lower PE velocities compared to fragmentation and high-explosive fragmentation projectiles with circular fields of destruction and is mainly intended to destroy enemy manpower. The velocities of PE fragmentation canister shells of 500-600 m / s do not provide an incendiary effect when they hit the compartments and tanks with fuel.

In the RF patent for the invention "Shrapnel-beam projectile" №2346231 dated 06.10.2006 (prototype), it is proposed to eliminate these disadvantages. A fragmentation-beam projectile with a circular and axial field of destruction, contains a body with an explosive charge, a fragmentation unit with a pyrotechnic expelling charge, located in a tube with a bottom located along the axis of the projectile, and a trajectory-distance fuse. A fragmentation unit with a pyrotechnic expelling charge is placed in a tube with a bottom, located along the axis of the projectile, and the pyrotechnic expelling charge is placed at the bottom of the tube. The fuse is made as a trajectory-contact fuse with a pyrotechnic channel associated with a pyrotechnic expelling charge and with a detonation channel associated with an explosive charge.

The increase in the damaging effect of the projectile is ensured by using in the formation of fragments of its body, which have higher speeds and the formation of circular and axial fields of destruction.

However, in order to create an incendiary ability, fragmentation striking elements need more significant impact velocities compared to the velocities required to penetrate the walls of tanks and compartments.

The probability of ignition P _B when a fragment enters the compartment with fuel depends primarily on the mass m _o and the speed of collision of the fragment with the target ϑ _c , as well as on the wall thickness δ _D [1].

определяют скорости соударения ϑ ОПЭ с топливными отсеками с толщиной стенок δ_д 10 мм и 7 мм соответственно, при которых вероятность пробития Р_пр=1.FIG. 1 shows graphs that determine the velocity ϑ of a fragmentation striking element (OPE), depending on its mass m, at which the fuel is ignited and the compartment with fuel of a given thickness δ _D with the corresponding probabilities of ignition P _{in the} fuel and penetration P _{pr of the} compartment with fuel [1 ]. In FIG. 1 - curves a and b determine the speed of collision ϑ of the OPE with fuel compartments with wall thickness δ _d 10 mm and 7 mm, respectively, at which the probability of ignition is Р _в = 1; curves with and d determine the speed of collision ϑ of the OPE with fuel compartments with wall thickness δ _d = 10 mm, at which the probability of ignition P _in = 0.5; curves e and

Determine the speed of collision ϑ OPE with fuel compartments with wall thickness δ _d 10 mm and 7 mm, respectively, at which the probability of penetration P _pr = 1.

определяют вероятности воспламенения Р_в топлива при заданных скоростях соударения ϑ_с ОПЭ массой 30 г со стенкой топливного отсека толщиной δ_д 7 мм и 9 мм соответственно; кривые t и n определяют вероятности воспламенения Р_в топлива при заданных скоростях соударения ϑ_с ОПЭ массой 10 г и 30 г со стенками топливного отсека толщиной δ_д 7 мм и 20 мм соответственно; кривая

определяет также вероятность воспламенения Р_в топлива при заданных скоростях соударения ϑ_с ОПЭ массой 20 г со стенкой топливного отсека толщиной δ_д 7 мм.FIG. 2 shows the graphical dependences of the probability of ignition Р _{В of the} fuel on the collision velocity ϑ _s for different masses of the fragment m and thicknesses δ _d [1]. In FIG. 2 - curves k and

determine the probabilities of ignition P _{in the} fuel at given collision velocities ϑ _{with an} OPE weighing 30 g with a wall of the fuel compartment with a thickness of δ _d 7 mm and 9 mm, respectively; the curves t and n determine the probabilities of ignition P _{in the} fuel at given collision velocities ϑ _{with the} OPE weighing 10 g and 30 g with the walls of the fuel compartment with a thickness of δ _d 7 mm and 20 mm, respectively; curve

also determines the probability of ignition P _{in the} fuel at a given collision velocity ϑ _{with an} OPE weighing 20 g with a wall of the fuel compartment with a thickness of δ _d 7 mm.

From the graph in FIG. 2 it follows that the probability of ignition Р _{В of the} fuel when the OPE enters the compartment with the fuel can be increased by increasing the initial velocities of expansion V _{0 of the} fragments and the mass m.

Application of the more powerful explosives and increase the filling ratio improves the initial speed V ₀ of the fragment, but at the same time it leads to a decrease in fragment mass and reduced ignition probability P _B.

Thus, the OPE is able to ignite the fuel only after contact with the wall of the fuel tank (tank), but for ignition, sufficiently high collision velocities (more than 1000 m / s) are required, which leads to a decrease in the contact time, and, consequently, to a decrease in the likelihood of ignition fuel (vapor-air phase).

The task of the utility model is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype. The technical result obtained during the implementation of the proposed device consists in increasing the effectiveness of action and expanding the combat capabilities of directional artillery shells due to the combined fragmentation-incendiary field of destruction affecting typical objects with GNM (multi-purpose and van types of cars, airplanes and helicopters in parking lots, refuelers, tanks and fuel tanks, etc.).

The technical solution consists in the fact that in the fragmentation unit, with a pyrotechnic expelling charge, a perforated gas outlet tube, an incendiary pyrotechnic composition are additionally placed, and instead of ready-made striking elements, incendiary elements in metal shells with compositions based on self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHC) are placed in the fragmentation unit. ... To ensure the ignition of the pyrotechnic igniting composition, a pyro-retardant igniter is placed in the bottom sleeve with a cut-off thread.

As a possible option, you can use incendiary elements according to the USSR inventor's certificate for invention No. 325103 dated 01.18.1991.

The utility model is illustrated by the drawings: FIG. 3 - incendiary fragmentation projectile; fig. 4 - incendiary element.

The incendiary projectile shown in FIG. 3, contains a housing 11 with an explosive charge 8 and a head trajectory contact fuse 1, equipped with a pyrotechnic 3 and a detonation 2 channels. In the rear part of the projectile along its axis there is a pipe 7 with a bottom 4, fastened to the bottom sleeve 13 with a cut-off thread. Inside the pipe is a pyrotechnic expelling charge 5, adjacent to the bottom 4 of the pipe, a block with incendiary elements 9, an igniting compound 6 and a perforated tube 10, adjacent to the bottom sleeve 13 close to the pyrotechnic retardant-igniter 12. In the rear part of the body there is an opening stabilizer 14. Pyrotechnic Channel 3 connects the head fuse 1 with the pyrotechnic expelling charge 5.

FIG. 4 shows an incendiary element of the "acorn" type according to the USSR inventor's certificate for invention No. 325103 dated 01/18/1991, consisting of a metal body 18 of an incendiary element of the "acorn" type, an inner metal shell 16, a transitional igniting composition 15 and a main incendiary composition 17, for example, compositions based on SHS "Ti + C", "3Pb + 5Zr", etc.

When fired, the propellant gases of the propellant charge transfer a thermal impulse to the pyro-retarder-igniter 12 (Fig. 3), which provides a temporary delay of the heat impulse with its subsequent transfer through the perforated tube 10 to the igniting composition 6. The resulting propellant gases provide reliable ignition of the transitional igniting composition 15 ( Fig. 4) an incendiary element (EE). At a predetermined distance from the target, the temporary fuse device is triggered and the pyrotechnic expelling charge 5 is ignited through the pyrotechnic channel 3 (Fig. 3), and then the fragmentation unit 9 with incendiary elements is pushed out of the pipe 7 backwards, with the thread of the bottom sleeve 13 being cut. can vary within a fairly wide range (not exceeding 100 m / s). After the ejection of the fragmentation block from the pipe, the incendiary elements receive an insignificant radial velocity due to lateral unloading from the compressed state, as a result of which a conical axial flow with a small opening angle ϕ is formed (V.A. E. Bauman, 1996), which provides a high density of distribution of incendiary elements on the underlying surface near the target with flammable materials (aircraft, helicopter parked, cars, fuel tanks, etc.). With contact detonation, after the projectile approaches the calculated rupture point at an angle y, the detonation channel of the fuse 2 (Fig. 3) is triggered and the explosive charge 8 explodes with the formation of a circular field of body fragments.

For an incendiary element, the probability of damage P _{pores of the} unit (compartment) by type "A" (destruction), with an independent action, is determined by the probability of breaking through an obstacle (solid propellant rocket walls, warheads, a compartment with fuel [Dorofeev A.N., Morozov A.P., Sarkisyan R.S. Aviation ammunition. M. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy 1978 446 p.]

where, P _pr is the probability of breaking through the obstacle; V ^* - the speed of the ZE, at which the penetration of the obstacle is ensured, m / s; V is the speed of meeting the ZE with the obstacle, m / s.

FIG. 5 shows the action of the projectile during remote contact detonation. FIG. 5a shows the areas of the incendiary lesion field (OZPP), the fragmentation field of destruction (OOPP) and the area of joint action (OSD) in the vertical plane. FIG. 5b - shows the OZPP, OOPP, OSD and the area of spreading of fuel (OGD) along the underlying surface in the horizontal plane. In FIG. 5 also D is the anticipated horizontal range of the GE ejection, ϕ is the opening angle of the axial field in dynamics, L is the horizontal path traversed by the projectile during the time interval t between the activation of the pyrotechnic and detonation channels (L = V _c ⋅t⋅cos γ, V _c - projectile speed). The throw range D is assigned according to the condition of the maximum probability of hitting the target.

Due to the primary field of destruction (high-explosive fragmentation), the general destruction of the target and the "opening" (penetration by fragments) of containers with fuel (tanks, fuel tanks, etc.) are carried out, as a result of which the fuel spreads over the underlying surface (Fig. 5b ). During an explosion, incendiary elements are distributed in the area of action of a high-explosive fragmentation field and, upon contact with a combustible liquid, ignite it, which leads to the emergence of separate fire centers and, ultimately, to the defeat of the entire target as a whole.

The proposed projectile provides a significantly higher target destruction efficiency in comparison with a conventional fragmentation-beam projectile, since the function of target vulnerability (vulnerable area) with combustible-saturated materials increases with the direct action of the ZE on the fuel compartments, as well as due to the "artificial" increase vulnerable target area (formation of a fuel spot with an area S _g ) as a result of the impact of a fragmentation field of destruction on the compartments with fuel, followed by ignition of the fuel spot when it comes into contact with the ZE. At meeting speeds of 400 ... 500 m / s (Fig. 1), ZEs are capable of penetrating and, therefore, hitting compartments and containers with fuel with a high probability, which ultimately leads to the defeat of the entire target. In the case of remote contact detonation, an increase in the effectiveness of the damaging action is carried out at the expense of an additional vulnerable area (fuel spots).

Literature:

1. Dorofeev A.N., Morozov A.P., Sargsyan R.S. Aircraft ammunition. M. VVIA them. Zhukovsky 1978 446 p.

2. Tretyakov G.M. Artillery ammunition. - Moscow: Military Publishing, 1947, p. 201.

3. Odintsov V.A. "Structures of axial action", ed. MSTU them. N.E.Bauman, 1996

4. Odintsov V.A. RF patent for invention No. 2353897 dated 04.11.2004.

5. Odintsov V.A. RF patent for the invention "Fragment-beam projectile" No. 2346231 dated 06.10.2006

6. US patent No. 3.669.020, cl. 102-G dated 6.5.1970

7. Kozlov V.V., Krivtsov V.A. and other USSR inventor's certificate for invention No. 325103 dated 01.18.1991.

Claims (1)

An incendiary projectile containing a body with an explosive charge, a head trajectory-contact fuse equipped with detonation and pyrotechnic channels, an axial tube with a bottom, fastened in the rear part of the projectile with a bottom bushing with a cut-off thread, a fragmentation unit with ready-made striking elements, a pyrotechnic knockout a charge adjacent to the bottom of the pipe and the pyrotechnic channel, a drop-down stabilizer, characterized in that a pyro retarder-igniter is placed in the bottom sleeve with a cut-off thread, and an additional perforated gas outlet tube adjacent to the bottom sleeve is placed in the fragmentation block, and as a ready-made composition of the striking elements, incendiary elements are placed in metal shells with compositions based on self-propagating high-temperature synthesis.

Images