RU2346230C2 - "tverich" fragmenting-bundle shell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ammunition with combined axial and circular hitting fields. The proposed shell incorporates a cartridge case with a charge and a detonator, the said cartridge case being jointed to the head part furnished with a front cap comprising a contact-trajectory detonator, a fragmenting assembly fitted with hitting elements and a pyrotechnic device separating the head part. A powder burster charge is arranged between the said detonator and the fragmenting unit. Note that the aforesaid pyrotechnic device and powder burster charge are provided with retarders.

EFFECT: increased hitting effects.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to high-explosive fragmentation ammunition having both axial and circular fields of destruction. Known shells containing a shell with an explosive charge (explosive), a fragmentation unit located in front of the explosive charge, and a head fuse of trajectory contact type (US Pat. RF No. 2237231). The main disadvantage of the projectile is the large angle of expansion of the elements (half-angle up to 45 °), which is associated with a high detonation pressure and a high radial velocity of the GGE acquired during unloading of the block (transverse "spreading" of the block).

This disadvantage can be eliminated through the application of the method described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2158408, in which the GPE block is released separately from the detonation of a high-explosive fragmentation warhead. The GGE block is ejected when the ammunition approaches the target by means of a pyrotechnic separation device, and the high-explosive fragmentation warhead is detonated when the ammunition falls to the ground or when it passes the target. When separating the GGE, an insignificant additional speed is obtained, but the scattering angle decreases sharply, which has a beneficial effect on the efficiency of the projectile.

The disadvantages of the design described in the patent (Fig) is the irrational use of the internal volume of the projectile, as a result, a decrease in the mass of the explosive charge and a decrease in the high-explosive and circular fragmentation effect of the projectile.

The present invention seeks to remedy this drawback.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the damaging effect of the projectile due to the involvement in the formation of fragments of the front of the body, as well as the use of the free volume of the cap under the GGE.

The technical solution consists in the fact that the fragmentation-beam projectile comprises a body with an explosive charge and a detonator connected to a head part containing a head cap with a fuse and a fragmentation unit with ready-made striking elements, and a pyrotechnic device for separating the head part. The fragmentation block is placed in the head cap, while a powder charge is placed inside the head cap between the fuse and the fragmentation block. The fuse is made contact-trajectory. The pyrotechnic device for separating the head part and the powder discharge charge of the fragmentation block is equipped with moderators.

The pyrotechnic device for separating the head part can be placed in one block with the detonator.

Contact trajectory fuse can be made temporary, non-contact or command type.

The projectile can be made subcaliber and equipped with a detachable pallet.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 - embodiment of a projectile for a smoothbore tank gun; figure 2 - the execution of the projectile in the subcaliber version; figure 3 - diagram of the action of the projectile.

The projectile according to the scheme of FIG. 1 comprises a housing 1, a charge of explosive 2 placed in the housing, a screw bottom 3 with a stabilizer 4 attached thereto, a head part 5, a pyrotechnic device for separating the head part 6, placed in one unit with a detonator 7. The head part includes a head cap 8, a contact-trajectory fuse 9 located therein, a powder discharge charge 10, a fragmentation unit 11. The fuse is connected by a tube 12 to the separation device 6. The head part is connected by a thread 13 to the body. The device 6 and the charge 10 are equipped with moderators 14 and 15.

Figure 2 presents a projectile of the same design in sub-caliber design. The projectile is located in the pallet 16, consisting of two sectors.

The projectile is multifunctional and allows you to implement 8 types of actions:

A. With separation of the warhead

1) trajectory rupture after a specified time after separation of the warhead;

2) shock ground rupture with installation on instant (fragmentation) action;

3) shock ground break with installation on inertial (high-explosive) action;

4) shock ground discontinuity with a setting for delayed (penetrating high-explosive) action;

B. Without separation of the warhead

1) trajectory rupture after a specified time after separation of the warhead;

2) shock ground rupture with installation on instant (fragmentation) action;

3) shock ground break with installation on inertial (high-explosive) action;

4) shock ground rupture with the installation on a slow (penetrating high-explosive) action.

The scheme of action of the projectile of figure 1 with the separation of the head is shown in figure 2.

The input to the fuse of the installation for the type of action and temporary installation is made before the shot, for example, using coded electrical signals supplied by the contact or non-contact method to the fuse on the charging path. When fired, the front bottom, made at the same time with the body, ensures the safety of the explosive charge from the inertial effects of a heavy fragmentation unit.

When approaching the calculated point in front of the target, a contact-trajectory fuse of a temporary, non-contact or command type gives a command to separate the warhead. The charge of the pyrotechnic device 6 ignites and the head part is cut off with a thread 13 (Fig.3b). Simultaneously, the moderators 14 and 15 are turned on. After the head part is removed from the projectile by a distance determined by the response time of the moderator 15, the powder burst charge 10 is ignited and ejected fragmentation block from the head cap (pigv). In this case, a conical beam of GGE with a small half-angle φ is formed (according to the textbook by G. M. Tretyakov “Ammunition of artillery”, Military Publishing House, 1947, p. 161 φ = 5 ... 8 °).

The case with the explosive charge flies further and, depending on the installation, its detonation occurs either on the trajectory in the region of the target (Fig. 3d), or upon impact into the ground. Thus, a combined effect is exerted on the target of the axial flow of the GGE and the circular field of fragments of natural fragmentation of the body. Unlike the conventional-fragmentation fragmentation projectile, the entire mass of the Tverich projectile is used productively to hit the target. A detailed description of the types of action and advantages of the projectile is given in US Pat. RF №2158408.

The axial action of the projectile can be significantly enhanced through the use of a sub-caliber diagram of figure 2, in which the projectile is guided along the bore using a caliber detachable pallet 16. In this case, the muzzle velocity of the projectile can be raised to 1400 m / s. In addition to increasing the axial effect of the GGE stream, the use of a sub-caliber circuit results in a decrease in flight time and, consequently, an increase in firing accuracy.

Trajectory blasting without separation of the warhead significantly increases the axial flow velocity of the GGE, but at the same time leads to its expansion. The presence in the shell of two types of trajectory detonation gives it the ability to adapt to the conditions of combat use.

Claims (4)

1. A fragmentation-beam projectile comprising a body with an explosive charge and a detonator connected to a head part containing a head cap with a fuse and a fragmentation unit with ready-made striking elements, and a pyrotechnic device for separating the head part, characterized in that the fragmentation unit is located in the head a cap, while inside the head cap between the fuse and the fragmentation unit a powder charge is placed, the fuse is made contact-trajectory, and the pyrotechnic device separates the head parts and powder explosive charge fragmentation unit equipped with moderators. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrotechnic device for separating the head part is placed in one block with the detonator. 3. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact trajectory fuse is made of a temporary, non-contact or command type. 4. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made subcaliber and equipped with a detachable pallet.

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