RU2414673C1 - Tank fragmentation-beam projectile "vydropuzhsk" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: projectile comprises case, explosive charge, fragmentation unit, bottom trajectory-contact electronic detonator and opening stabiliser. Case comprises monolithic head portion. Fragmentation unit adjoins head portion of body in the front. Head portion of case is arranged as ogival with front flat platform arranged normally to axis of projectile or with front site, which is concave towards projectile bottom.

EFFECT: improved configuration of projectile front portion.

8 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to multi-purpose high-explosive shells having both axial and circular fields of destruction. The main action of the projectile is ensured during a trajectory rupture, however, a multi-purpose tank projectile should also provide the ability to destroy structures and bunkers, including concrete ones, with projectile penetration beyond the barrier and delayed detonation. It follows that the most promising scheme is a scheme with a housing having a monolithic warhead and a bottom fuse. An additional advantage provided by this scheme is an increase in the speed of throwing a fragmentation block by an incident detonation wave.

Known designs of fragmentation-beam shells with a monolithic warhead and the location of the fragmentation unit in front of it [1-9]. Various forms of the head part have been proposed: concave conical [1], vivid sharp-headed [2, 3], hemispherical [4-6], flat end [7-9]. Each form has certain advantages and disadvantages.

The main disadvantage of the animated and hemispherical shape is the possibility of slipping the fragmentation block when fired relative to the body under the action of inertial forces. Undesirable is the creep of the block upon impact with a solid barrier. Prevention of block sliding using an internal power set [2] or firm bonding of the block with the housing along the contact surface requires complicating the design and increasing the cost of the projectile manufacturing process. At the same time, the animated and hemispherical shape provides the best conditions for penetrating into brick and concrete. The execution of the warhead with a flat end with a diameter equal to or close to the caliber of the projectile improves the throwing conditions of the fragmentation unit, but worsens the penetrating effect of the projectile.

The present invention is aimed at improving the configuration of the front of the projectile, including the head of the hull, fragmentation unit and head cap, providing minimal loss of speed on flight, high fragmentation effect during trajectory rupture and stable penetration of concrete and brick obstacles. The technical solution consists in the fact that the head of the hull is animated with the front flat platform located normal to the axis of the projectile, the ratio of the diameter of the platform on the head of the hull to the caliber of the projectile is within 0.5 ... 0.75, the ratio of the length of the animated part to the caliber - within 0.6 ... 1.0, and the fragmentation block is made in the form of a cylinder with a diameter equal to or close to the diameter of the site.

Figure 1 - fragmentation-beam projectile with a lively monolithic warhead, figure 2; 3 - embodiments of the head of the projectile, figure 4 is a diagram of the action of the projectile.

The fragmentation-beam projectile of FIG. 1 comprises a housing 1 with a lively monolithic warhead 2 made with a front flat platform 3 located normal to the axis of the projectile. On the site is a fragmentation block 4, made in the form of a cylinder with a diameter equal to or close to the diameter of the site. The head cap 5 is mated to the head part of the body. The body is equipped with an explosive charge (BB) 6.

In the bottom of the case there is a screw bottom 7 with a bottom trajectory-impact fuse 8 and a drop-down stabilizer 9 attached to it. On the back surface of the bottom there is a receiving radio antenna 10 isolated from the bottom, which is connected by electrical connection with the fuse 8. It is also possible to use a radio antenna as a receiving isolated from the stabilizer body. To ensure autonomous power supply of the fuse, a magnetic pulse or piezoelectric generator may be included in its composition. At the rear end of the stabilizer, a signal pyrotechnic device can be installed, made with the possibility of confirming the fact of entering a temporary installation into the fuse, electrically connected to the fuse.

The fragmentation block 4 is made of ready-made striking elements (GGE) in the form of cubes, cylinders, hexagonal prisms, laid with ends parallel to a flat platform. GGE can be made of steel or heavy alloys based on tungsten.

Figure 2, 3 presents examples of specific versions of the front of the projectile. The head of the hull is made animated with the front flat platform 3, located normal to the axis of the projectile, while the ratio of the length of the animated part l to the caliber d ₀ is within 0.6 ... 1.0, the ratio of the diameter of the pad d _n to the caliber d _{0 of the} projectile is within 0.5 ... 0.75, the ratio of the thickness of the arch t along the axis to the caliber is within 0.1 ... 0.2.

The head cap 5, fastened to the body by a thread or a twist, performs a threefold function:

- reduces aerodynamic resistance to the movement of the projectile;

- limits the radial expansion of the fragmentation block;

- prevents axial movement of the fragmentation block forward when charging due to the diaphragm 11.

Figure 3 presents the execution of the head of the housing with an axial charge-expander 12.

The action of the projectile is as follows. The tank is equipped with a laser or radar range finder, ballistic computer and millimeter-wave radio transmitter. The anticipated blasting distance U and the blasting height (FIG. 4) are considered known. Before a shot, a rangefinder sight, for example, a standard Russian 1G46 rangefinder, a laser sight determines the type of target C and the range D to it and enters the installation into a radio transmitter either to a trajectory gap, or to an instantaneous shock action, or to a slow penetrating high-explosive effect. The ballistic computer determines the flight range S = D-U, the elevation angle of the gun θ ₀ and the nominal flight time at a trajectory break introduced into the fuse on the loading path through the receiving antenna 10.

When fired, the axial inertial load of the fragmentation block is perceived by the pad 3, and the lateral spacer of the block is perceived by the inner annular surface of the head cap. With a slight lateral thrust, the embodiment of FIG. 2 can be used; with a significant lateral thrust, arising, for example, due to centrifugal forces in a rotating projectile, the embodiment of FIG. 3.

When a projectile leaves the barrel using a radio transmitter, the actual velocity of the projectile in the given shot is measured, flight time is recalculated, and an updated time setting is entered via the radio channel through antenna 10.

When a projectile explodes, a circular field of shell fragments of natural fragmentation (K) and an axial field of GGE and fragments of natural fragmentation of the head part of the shell (О) are formed at the calculated point of trajectory A. The hemispherical shape of the inner surface of the head of the hull and the high reflection pressure of the detonation wave contributes to its intense fragmentation with the formation of a large number of killer fragments that fly apart in the front meridional angle together with the GGE of the fragmentation unit and are capable of hitting lightly armored targets, including anti-tank helicopters.

When installed on an instant impact, the projectile fires when it falls onto the ground due to the inertial impact mechanism in the fuse. The presence of a sufficiently long head cap 5 provides for the detonation of the projectile with a small penetration into the ground, which reduces the interception of fragments last.

When set to a slow (penetrating high-explosive) action, an inertial shock mechanism transmits a pulse to the detonator through a moderator. When acting on strong obstacles (brick, concrete), the proposed configuration of the head of the hull and the GGE block provides a partial entry of the GGE over the barrier, which contributes to the defeat of barrier objects.

The proportions of the configuration of the head of the projectile were selected according to the criterion of the maximum of the generalized probability of damage W, determined by the formula for the total probability

. Основные гипотезы для танковой стрельбы приведены в [10]. Условные вероятности Р(Н_i) являются функциями пропорций конфигурации головной части снаряда.where H _i is the probability of the hypothesis, P (H _i ) is the conditional probability of hitting the target with this hypothesis

. The main hypotheses for tank shooting are given in [10]. The conditional probabilities P (H _i ) are functions of the proportions of the configuration of the head of the projectile.

As a result of calculations, it was found that the maximum generalized probability is achieved with the following proportions

- the ratio of the length of the animating part to the caliber within 0.6 ... 1.0;

- the ratio of the diameter of the site to the caliber within 0.5 ... 0.75;

- the ratio of the thickness of the arch along the axis to the caliber in the range of 0.1 ... 0.2.

The greatest influence on the generalized efficiency is exerted by the relative diameter of the flat area. With an increase in the relative diameter, the throwing speed of the fragmentation block (with its fixed mass) and the filling coefficient of the head part increase, which generally improves the trajectory fragmentation effect, but the penetrating effect of the projectile worsens.

With a certain combination of the above proportions, a “dead” angle can be formed between the fragmentation fields of the GGE block and the head of the body and the circular field of fragments of the cylindrical part of the body. In this case, it is envisaged to change the design of the head part with the introduction of a charge expander 12. This charge is located in a hollow cylindrical protrusion located along the axis of the fragmentation block (Fig. 3).

Literature

1. RU 2018779.

2. RU 2327948.

3. J. Friedberg. NDIA Fuze Conference, Seattle, Ahril 2005.

4. US 6983699.

5. US 7451704.

6. Application 2008147049, the decision on extradition from 04/28/09.

7. RU 2137085 (prototype).

8. RU 2237231.

9. RU 2309372.

10. Odintsov V.A. Fragmentation-beam shells // Defense technology. 2006. - Nos. 1-2.

Claims (8)

1. Tank fragmentation-beam projectile, comprising a shell with an integral head part and a charge of explosive, a fragmentation block adjacent to the front of the head part of the shell, a bottom trajectory-contact electronic fuse and a drop-down stabilizer, characterized in that the head of the shell is made alive with a front flat platform normal to the axis of the projectile, or with a front platform concave to the bottom of the projectile. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the diameter of the platform on the head of the shell to the caliber of the projectile is in the range of 0.5 ... 0.75, and the ratio of the length of the animating part to the caliber is in the range of 0.6 ... 1.0 , the ratio of the thickness of the arch along the axis to the caliber is within 0.1 ... 0.2. 3. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the fragmentation unit is made in the form of a cylinder with a diameter equal to or close to the diameter of the site. 4. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the head of the body is equipped with a hollow cylindrical protrusion equipped with explosive and located along the axis of the fragmentation unit. 5. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a receiving radio antenna located on the rear surface of the bottom of the projectile and electrically connected to the fuse. 6. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that a projectile stabilizer isolated from the housing is used as the receiving radio antenna. 7. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuse includes a pulse-magnetic or piezoelectric generator. 8. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that at the rear end of the stabilizer a signal pyrotechnic device is installed, configured to confirm the fact that a temporary installation is inserted into the fuse, electrically connected to the fuse.

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