RU2464525C2 - Tverich-6 fragmentation-beam shell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: fragmentation-beam shell includes body, explosive charge, detonator, fragmentation unit, dissipation device of striking elements and contact-trajectory detonating fuse. Fragmentation unit is located outside the body of shell on one and the same axis. Fragmentation unit generates striking elements of equal weight. Housing of fragmentation unit is made in the form of multi-layer set of rings. Elongated charge equipped with wedge-shaped charge hollows is installed along the axis of fragmentation unit.

EFFECT: higher striking efficiency of shell.

9 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more particularly to shells with a time-divided formation of axial and circular fragmentation fields.

By the principle of action, such shells are significantly different from conventional fragmentation-beam shells [1-4]. As a prototype, a projectile can be adopted according to the patent [5]. The projectile contains a housing with an explosive charge and a detonator located outside the housing on the same axis as a fragmentation unit generating the same mass of damaging elements (PE), a PE dispersion device and a contact-trajectory fuse. The fragmentation block is made of ready-made damaging elements (GGE) and is placed in a discharged metal shell (in this design, in the head cap) to protect against destruction at the time of the shot. The throwing shell has a significant mass, which for a given mass of the projectile leads to a decrease in the fragmentation mass of the metal. This is a design flaw. The present invention seeks to remedy this drawback. The technical solution consists in the fact that the fragmentation block is made without a shell in the form of a multilayer set of rings, the axis of which has an elongated charge equipped with wedge-shaped cumulative recesses.

The fragmentation unit can be installed both in front and behind the case. For shells of smoothbore tank guns stabilized by plumage, it is preferable to install a fragmentation block in the front of the shell, for shells of rifled field guns stabilized by rotation, it is preferable to install a block in the back of the shell. Contact trajectory fuse can be installed both in the head and in the bottom of the projectile.

Figure 1 - tank shell with a front location fragmentation unit; figure 2 - projectile field guns with a rear location fragmentation unit; figure 3 - shell with pre-detachable fragmentation unit; 4, 5 - embodiment of the fragmentation block; 6 is a view of the ring; 7 is an embodiment of a fragmentation block; Fig.8, 9 - embodiments of combined fragmentation blocks; 10 is a view of a general fragmentation field of a projectile.

The projectile shown in figure 1, consists of a housing 1 with a charge of explosive 2 and a detonator 3. In the rear of the housing there is a screw bottom 4 with a stabilizer that is attached to it. In the front of the projectile is a fragmentation block 5, consisting of a housing 6 and a cumulative charge 7 of a given crushing block. A head cap 8 is attached to the front end of the fragmentation block, in which a head contact-fuse fuse is installed 9. A moderator 10 is installed between the charge 7 and the detonator 3. The front location of the fragmentation block is suitable mainly for the plumage of smoothbore tank guns.

In the projectile shown in figure 2, the fragmentation unit 6 is located in the rear of the projectile between the housing 1 and the bottom 11. At the bottom there is a bottom contact trajectory fuse 12. The designations of the remaining nodes are the same as in figure 1. The rear location of the fragmentation blocks is advisable for rifled artillery shells stabilized by rotation. As you know, for these shells the center of mass should be located behind the center of pressure.

Figure 3 presents the design of the projectile with the separation of the fragmentation unit before its explosive destruction. The projectile is equipped with a pyrotechnic charge of compartment 13 with an igniter 14 connected to the fuse.

Figure 4, 5 shows one of the possible versions of the fragmentation block and the explosive charge of a given crushing block. The fragmentation block is made in the form of a multilayer set of concentric steel rings having a rectangular section. In this scheme, the described diameter of the cumulative charge of crushing the block is less than the internal diameter of the fragmentation block.

The cumulative fragmentation charge consists of an elongated explosive charge 15, along the generators of which there are wedge-shaped cumulative linings 16. The charge can be provided with an axial tube 17. The gap between the charge and the inner surface of the fragmentation block is selected from the condition for the development of a full-fledged wedge-shaped cumulative jet that cuts the fragmentation block into formative. In this case, the charge contains 6 cumulative facings. A separate ring is shown in Fig.6.

Figure 7 shows an example of another embodiment of a fragmentation block, providing a higher expansion speed of its fragments. In this design, the explosive charge fills the entire internal volume of the fragmentation block. The free formation of cumulative “knives” is ensured thanks to the cavities 18 available in the fragmentation block.

A combined execution of the fragmentation block case from rings is provided, the annular gaps between which are filled with finished damaging elements (Figs. 8, 9) (for clarity, spherical GGEs are shown, in designs they will have the form of parallelepipeds or cubes). GGE are made of steel or heavy alloys, for example, based on tungsten. In the design shown in FIG. 9, the rings are made with radial protrusions having a height equal to the size of the radial clearance between the rings.

The trajectory fuse can be either temporary, or rotational, or non-contact, or command. Entering commands into the fuse can be made both by contact and non-contact methods.

Projectile action

When fired, the ring design of the fragmentation block provides the necessary strength, which distinguishes it from fragmentation blocks from ready-made striking elements (for example, [6]).

The projectile is multifunctional and allows for several types of actions. The main view is firing on approach to the target with a time-divided expansion of the fragmentation unit and undermining the projectile above the target (with a flat path) or undermining a projectile when it hits the ground (with a mounted trajectory).

For the structures shown in figures 1, 2, at a proactive point in front of the target, the fuse gives a signal to detonate the cumulative charge 7. In this case, the cumulative “knives” cut the shell of the fragmentation block with the formation of elongated fragments that receive a relatively small radial speed. When they expand, a disk-shaped field 19 is formed (Fig. 10) (axial flow).

A case with an explosive charge flies further, and depending on the installation of the fuse, its detonation occurs either on the trajectory in the vicinity of the target, or when it hits the ground. Thus, the combined effect on the target of the axial flow of fragments of the fragmentation block and the circular field of 20 fragments of natural fragmentation of the shell of the shell.

The projectile is intended to be used without undermining the body only with the formation of axial flow. It can be used in regional conflicts during hostilities in settlements to reduce civilian casualties.

The action of the projectile (figure 3) is more complex. At a proactive point in the trajectory, the fragmentation block is fired using the pyrotechnic charge of compartment 13. After the fragmentation block is removed from the projectile at a distance that ensures that the explosion does not affect charge 7 on the projectile, a cumulative charge is triggered, and then the projectile itself is fired.

Designs with a bottom arrangement of a fragmentation block and a monolithic execution of the head of the hull allow, if necessary, to use a shell as a concrete-piercing shell. In this case, the destruction of the fragmentation block is carried out behind the barrier, which significantly increases the backward action.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of artillery shells.

Literature

1. RU 2018779.

2. US 7451704.

3. Odintsov V.A. Fragmentation-beam shells // Defense technology, 2006, No. 1-2.

4. Odintsov V.A. Shrapnel-beam shells - ammunition of the XXI century // Ammunition and high-energy condensed systems, issue 2, 2008.

5. RU 2346230.

6. RU 2327948.

Claims (9)

1. A fragmentation-beam projectile containing a case with an explosive charge and a detonator, located outside the case on the same axis as a fragmentation unit, generating striking elements of the same mass, a dispersion device of striking elements and a contact-trajectory fuse, characterized in that the case of the fragmentation block made in the form of a multilayer set of rings, along the axis of which an elongated charge is installed, equipped with wedge-shaped cumulative recesses. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that in its embodiment, intended mainly for firing from smoothbore tank guns, a fragmentation unit is installed in front of the hull. 3. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that in its embodiment, intended mainly for firing from rifled guns, the fragmentation unit is installed at the rear of the hull. 4. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a pyrotechnic charge of the compartment is installed between the shell of the projectile and the fragmentation unit. 5. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the contact trajectory fuse is installed in the head or in the bottom of the projectile. 6. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the diameter of the cumulative charge of crushing is less than the internal diameter of the shell of the fragmentation unit. 7. The projectile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shell of the fragmentation unit is made with annular gaps between the rings filled with finished striking elements. 8. The projectile according to claim 7, characterized in that the rings are made with radial protrusions having a height equal to the size of the radial clearance between the rings. 9. The projectile according to claim 7, characterized in that the finished striking elements are made of heavy alloy, mainly based on tungsten.

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