RU2365837C1 - Airflow conveyor for drying of free running and non-running materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention pertains to farm machinery industry, in particular to drying plants for free-running and non-running materials, for example grains, heap of hayseeds, fine-cut dried grass. Airflow conveyor for free-running and non-running materials contains a chamber, bottom made of air grills and splitters, discharge valves, made as metal plates, arranged on rotating axis, rotation whereof is driven by an electromagnet by means of a lever, spring, conveyor and a tray feeding raw material, reverse, leveling screw with control mechanism adjusting its length and material dryness level sensor. Between the screw and air grills there is cutting off device of the dried lower layer, including louvered boxes, flanged carriage, mechanism of the carriage reciprocating movement on rolls, carriage height adjusting mechanism. Passive reverse finger-type easy-flow device and screw are set on the carriage conveyor; all of them are driven by the same gear-motor through controlled sleeves. Easy-flow device is mounted on adjustable ears, heating block and the fan serve for supply of drying medium into the chamber, having a window damper for unloading of the dried material into the tray with an observation glass.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at increasing efficiency of unloading process of easy-running and non-running materials.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to installations for drying bulk and non-bulk materials, such as grain, heap of grass seeds, shredded dried grass.

Known aerial chute for drying bulk materials [patent No. 2286521 of 03.24.2005], containing a chamber made with inclined side, rear and front walls, air distribution grilles, dividers, air supply ducts with a fan and a furnace unit, an unloading window with a shutter, chain - scraper leveling conveyor with a height adjustment mechanism and a drying material level sensor for turning the conveyor on and off, a device for cutting off the dried bottom layer, including a movable finger etku driven, cutting device in the form of a cutting apparatus with agitator, who moved on roller trolleys on rails by two chains, sprockets moved the drive shaft.

The disadvantages of the above aeroshaft are:

1) the design of the cutoff device of the lower dried layer eliminates the possibility of countercurrent drying of the original bulk material;

2) the complexity of the design of the device for cutting the bottom of the dried layer increases the cost of production of aeroglove.

The closest in technical essence is a universal chute for drying bulk and non-bulk materials [patent No. 2300719 dated 01/10/2006], containing a drying chamber made of side, rear and front walls, a bottom of air distribution grilles and dividers, an air supply duct with a furnace block and fan, an unloading window with a shutter, leveling the reversing auger with a height adjustment mechanism and a drying material level control sensor to turn the auger clockwise and counterclockwise Christmas trees, as well as turning it off, a device for cutting off the dried bottom layer, including louvres, a carriage with shelves, a mechanism for reciprocating movement of the carriage, a mechanism for adjusting the carriage in height depending on the type of drying material and a movable reversible collapsing device mounted above the louvre boxes .

The disadvantage of this aeroshaft is:

1) when unloading a bulk pile (for example, chopped herbs), arching and compaction of the pile being unloaded in the discharge windows are possible, which may entail a stop in the unloading process.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of unloading bulk materials.

The problem is solved in that in order to increase the efficiency of the process of unloading non-bulk materials in the proposed aeration channel containing a drying chamber made of side, rear and front walls, a bottom of air distribution grilles and dividers, an air supply duct with a combustion unit and a fan, an unloading window with a flap, leveling reversing auger with a mechanism for adjusting it in height and a sensor for monitoring the level of drying material to enable the rotation of the auger clockwise and counterclockwise, and t Also, turning it off, a device for cutting off the dried bottom layer, including louvre boxes, a carriage with shelves, a mechanism for reciprocating movement of the carriage and a mechanism for adjusting the carriage in height depending on the type of drying material and a movable reversible collapsing device mounted above the louvre boxes, are additionally installed discharge valves.

New significant features:

1) unloading valves installed in front of the unloading windows, made in the form of metal plates mounted on a rotating axis, the rotation of which is carried out using the lever from the electromagnet, providing the necessary dimensions of the air slots to increase the air pressure during the cooling and unloading process, excluding arching and compaction masses of bulk powder in the discharge windows.

The listed new essential features are sufficient in all cases to which the requested scope of legal protection applies.

Identified distinguishing features in conjunction with the known provide a technical result.

Due to the installation of unloading valves, unloading of bulk bulk has become possible, which allows unloading of dried material without arching and seals in the unloading windows.

Figure 1 shows the aeroflot, a General view with the position of the cut-off device and discharge valves for drying the material; figure 2 is a General view during unloading and cooling of the lower dried layer of drying material with a cut-off from the upper; figure 3 is a section of figure 1 along aa; figure 4 is a General view of the discharge valves.

The aerial chute contains a chamber 1, a bottom from air distribution grilles 2 and dividers 3, unloading valves 4 made in the form of metal plates 5 mounted on a rotating axis 6, the rotation of which is carried out from an electromagnet 7 using a lever 8, a spring 9, a conveyor 10 and a tray 11 for supplying the starting material, a reversible leveling screw 12 with a height adjustment mechanism 13 and leveling sensors 14 and 15 of the drying material 16. Between the screw 12 and the air distribution grilles 2, a dried cut-off device is installed the lower layer, including louvres, 17, the carriage 18 with the shelves 19, the mechanism 20 for the reciprocating movement of the carriage 18 on the rollers 21, the mechanism 22 for adjusting the carriage 18 in height. A movable reversible demolition device 23 and an auger 12 are mounted on a trolley conveyor 24, and all of them are driven from one reversible gear motor 25 through controlled couplings 26. The demolition device is mounted on adjustable suspensions 27, the combustion unit 28 and fan 29 are used to supply the drying agent channel 30 into the chamber 1, which has a shutter 31 of the window 32 for discharging the dried material into the tray 33 with the sight glass 34.

The drying process is based on a countercurrent: loose or non-flowing wet material moves upward from the zone of wet material down to the zone of dried material, and the drying agent moves from bottom to top, from the zone of dry material to the zone of wet material, heating the material and evaporating moisture from it, fully saturated by her. This workflow is the most economical.

Universal aeroglove works as follows.

To dry a certain source material, it is necessary to set the leveling screw 12 together with the material level sensors 14 to the optimum height by the mechanism 13. The optimal position of the collapsing device 23 is controlled by changing the length of the suspensions 27. The gap between the shelves 19 and the louvres 17 is regulated by the mechanism 22.

The mechanism of the reciprocating movement of the carriage 18 is transferred to the drying position, then the conveyor 10, the screw 12 and the demolition device 23 are turned on. As soon as the wet material reaches the level of, for example, the sensor 14 on the rear wall, the gear motor 25 switches to reverse rotation to direct the wet material to the front wall. When the sensor 14 is activated from contact with wet material near the front wall of the aeroshaft, the controlled clutch 26 moves the cart conveyor 24 to a fixed distance in the transverse direction of the drying chamber for phased loading of the entire drying chamber 1 with the formation of a layer of wet material of the same thickness over the entire area of the chamber 1. At the end of the load, the gear motor 25 and the conveyor 10 are turned off.

Using the combustion unit 28 and the fan 29, the drying agent begins to flow through the channel 30 into the chamber 1 through the air distribution grilles 2. The material 16 is heated and the evaporated moisture is removed together with the spent drying agent from the top layer of the material 16 to the outside.

As soon as the lower layer of the material reaches the conditioned humidity, which is determined by a moisture meter during operational monitoring, the carriage 18 moves with the reciprocating movement from the mechanism 20 to the unloading position, the shelves 19 come out from under the louvred boxes 17, close the gaps between the boxes, the lower section is cut off layer of material for cooling and unloading. The furnace block 28 is turned off, the unheated ambient air is supplied by the fan 29 through the channel 30 to the chamber 1. This air leaving the air distribution grill 2 cools and unloads the lower dried layer through the window 32, opened by the shutter 31, into the receiving tray 33. When the shutter is opened 31, the level sensor 15 is turned on. In the case of arching or compaction of the discharged material in the window 32, the sensor 15 includes an electromagnet 7, which, retracting the rod, turns the lever 8, discharge valves 4, turning on the axis 6, increasing the dimensions of the air gaps between the edges of the plates 5 and the grill 2 are removed, while the increasing air pressure removes the material stuck in the window 32. After removing the stuck mass from the window 32, the sensor 15 turns off the electromagnet 7 and the spring 9 turns the lever 8, returning the valves 4 to their original position , and the cooling and unloading process continues as usual.

At the end of the discharge, the shutter 31 closes, the shelves 19 of the carriage 18 are moved to the drying position. Material from the upper part of the chamber 1 wakes down to the air distribution grill 2 when the conveyor 10 and the gear motor 25 are turned on. The filling of the lower part of the chamber 1 is controlled using sensors 14, which are installed on the dividers 3 and additionally through the inspection windows 34. Conveyor 10, screw 12 and the demolition device 23 form a new even predetermined layer of material 16 in the chamber 1, and then the furnace block 28 for drying is turned on.

While working on the original bulk material, the demolition device 23 does not turn on, and the unloading valves, if necessary, can turn on automatically.

Claims (1)

A universal chute for drying bulk and non-bulk materials, containing a chamber made with inclined side, rear and front walls, a bottom made of air distribution grilles and dividers, a leveling screw and a cut-off device including louvres, a carriage with shelves, a mechanism for reciprocating movement of the carriage, an air supply duct with a furnace block and a fan, an unloading window with a shutter, a movable reversible collapsing device on a cart conveyor, characterized in that for hasty unloading nesypuchih materials installed unloading valves.

Images