RU2460276C2 - Universal aeroflow conveyor for non-bulk and bulk material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: universal aeroflow conveyor for non-bulk and bulk material contains a chamber made with the lateral, front and rear walls, a bottom of the air distribution grids and splitters, a flattening screw, an air supply channel with a fan and valves, an unloading window with a flap. The device contains a turner mounted on the outer side of the rear wall opposite the unloading window. The turner consists of a periodically and reversing moving bar, on the end of which the slide with hingedly connected scrapers is mounted.

EFFECT: invention provides the ability to unload piles of all crop farming cultures, including non-bulk milled grass mass of increased moisture.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to installations for temporary storage with active ventilation and drying of lots of all crop crops, as well as ground grass mass of any moisture content, followed by their mechanized unloading.

Known aeroglove for temporary storage with active ventilation or for drying seed heaps of grain, fodder, industrial and other crops (patent No. 2136137, BI No. 25, 1999). The aero chute consists of a hopper made with inclined side, front and rear walls. In the rear wall there is an unloading window with a shutter. The bottom of the hopper is made in the form of an air distribution grill. Between the bins of the air ducts mounted dividers. Bar tedder for collapse is made of sections connected by hinges and mounted on bearings mounted on brackets and suspensions. The bar along a helical line is mounted on the knitting needles, which at each section are deployed along the length of the arc from 30 ° to 180 °. A removable screw nozzle is fixed on the final section of the agitator. The design of the aeroflot provides a reduction in costs due to the implementation of the bar along a helical line, fixed by means of spokes to the drive shaft.

Among the disadvantages of the known aeroglove the main are the following:

1) the aeroflot can not unload loose bulk crushed grass mass of high humidity;

2) there is no device for leveling the loaded mass;

3) one agitator serves a section of the air duct about 40 cm wide. Therefore, for the receiving compartment with a capacity of more than 50 m ^3, several air ducts and agitators with an individual electric drive for each agitator are required, which complicates the design of the receiving compartment;

4) during unloading of non-bulk material, energy overrun occurs due to the fact that not only the mass involved in the unloading, but also the one that remains in storage is turned up;

5) the constant presence of agitators in the chamber of the receiving compartment makes it difficult to clean up when the workflow switches to another material;

6) the design of the air duct is slightly unified with the modern air duct of the drying chamber.

Closest to the invention, in technical essence, is an aerial chute for drying bulk and non-bulk materials (patent No. 2365836, BI No. 24, 2009), comprising a chamber, a bottom made of air distribution grilles and dividers, a conveyor and a tray, a reversible leveling screw with a height adjustment mechanism and a drying level sensor. Between the screw and the air distribution grilles, a cut-off device for the dried bottom layer is installed. The auger is mounted on a cart conveyor and driven by a reversing gear motor through a control clutch.

The disadvantages of the above aeroglot for drying bulk and non-bulk materials are:

1) the aeroflot can not unload loose bulk crushed grass mass of high humidity;

2) the lower layer cut-off device complicates the design of the receiving compartment, limits the performance of unloading bulk material, increases the cost of the receiving compartment;

3) the constant presence of the cut-off device in the chamber makes it difficult to clean when the workflow switches to another material.

The problem is solved in that for temporary storage with active ventilation or with drying a pile of all crop crops, as well as chopped grass mass of any humidity with their subsequent mechanized unloading in the proposed aeration channel containing a receiving chamber made of side, rear and front walls, the bottom of air distribution grilles and dividers, air supply duct with a fan and dampers, an unloading window with a damper mounted on a trolley conveyor leveling reverb A live auger with a sensor for monitoring the level of feed material to turn the auger clockwise and counterclockwise and turn it off, instead of a bottom layer cut-off device, is made from the outside at the rear wall opposite the discharge window with a tedder consisting of a rod, on the end of which a slider is mounted with articulated scrapers. The mechanism of the rod drive from the gear motor and the friction gear provides its reciprocating with pauses and translational movements with different sizes of movements in any one direction, carried out according to the program based on the experiments.

New significant features:

1) aerial chute successfully unloads any heap and loose loose ground grass mass of high humidity;

2) one agitator, thanks to the mobile design, successfully violates the arch formation of bulk material in all the air ducts of the receiving chamber, working with them alternately;

3) the reduction in energy consumption of the proposed agitator is ensured by the fact that only that material that is involved in unloading is agitated, and the mass that continues to be stored in the chamber is not agitated;

4) after the end of the process of unloading all the material, the mobile agitator is removed from the reception chamber, which is easily self-cleaning without interference when the workflow switches to another material;

5) the design of the universal chute for the receiving compartment is largely unified with the modern chimney of the drying chamber (patent No. 2365836, BI No. 24, 2009).

The listed new essential features are sufficient in all cases to which the requested scope of legal protection applies.

Identified distinguishing features in conjunction with the known provide a technical result.

By installing a tedder, it became possible to successfully dump any accumulated non-bulk material from the receiving chamber with less energy because the right part of the material is tidied up and prepared for unloading, without the energy consumption for tedding the material that continues to be stored. In this case, one agitator, thanks to the mobile design, is used to unload bulk material throughout the entire volume of the receiving chamber. With the use of a tedder increases the performance of the aeroglove for unloading bulk material from the chamber. The proposed agitator helps to reduce energy consumption per unit weight of the unloaded bulk material and time for unloading.

Figure 1 shows the aerogloo, a General view with the position of the agitator for unloading bulk material or for the transition of the unloading process from one aerogloo to another; figure 2 shows the aeroshaft, a General view with the position of the agitator at the discharge of bulk material; figure 3 is a cross section along aa; figure 4 is a longitudinal horizontal section along BB.

The aerial chute contains a chamber 1, a bottom from the air distribution grilles 2 and dividers 3, a conveyor 4 and a tray 5 for supplying the source material brought from the harvested field, a reversing, leveling screw 6 with sensors 7 of the level of accumulated material in post-harvest processing. The screw 6 is mounted on a cart conveyor 8 and is driven from the reversing gear motor 9 through a control clutch 10. The fan 11 is used to supply ambient air through the flaps 12 through a channel 13 into the chamber 1, which has windows 15 on the rear wall of the flap 14 for unloading the accumulated material in the tray 16 with a viewing window 17, which is closed by transparent glass. The agitator 18 consists of a rod 19, at the end of which a slider 20 is installed with scrapers 21, which are hinged. The rod is driven by a drive station 22 and a friction transmission from unregulated drive rollers 23 and adjustable pressure rollers 24. All rollers 23 and 24 have a torus outer surface. Two support wheels 25 are installed near the slider. The direction of movement of the rod 19 is determined by the dividers 3 and the rollers 26, which are attached to the frame 27. It moves on the self-aligning wheels 28 and is fixed by screw ties 29 opposite the discharge window 15 of the aerofoil. Dried and unloaded into the tray 16 material is then conveyor 30 sent to the destination.

Aeroglove works as follows.

The source material is fed into the chamber 1 by the conveyor 4 through the tray 5 to the screw 6. As soon as the material reaches the level of, for example, the sensor 7 on the rear wall, the gear motor 9 of the drive of the screw 6 is switched to reverse rotation to direct the screw 6 to the material to the front wall. When the sensor 7 is activated from contact with the material at the front wall of the chamber 1, the controlled coupling 10 transfers the cart conveyor 8 together with the screw 6 to a fixed distance in the transverse direction of the chamber 1 for phased loading of this entire receiving chamber with the formation of a layer of the original wet material of the same thickness with its height is about 3 m over the entire area of chamber 1. At the end of the load, the motor gearbox 9 and the conveyor 4 are turned off.

Then, the fan 11 is turned on and either the active ventilation of the loaded material begins or its drying, depending on the relative humidity of the surrounding air and the material. For this purpose, the ambient air is supplied by the fan 11 through the channel 13 to the chamber 1 through the air distribution grill 2. When unloading the bulk material, open the shutter 14 of the window 15, set the desired speed of the air emerging through the openings of the air distribution grill (more than 20 m / s) using the shutters 12 and turn on the agitator 18. From the adjustable time switch, automatic movement of the rod 19 from the friction gear 22 is provided, which includes the leading 23 and the driven push, spring, reg measurable rollers 24. When moving towards the camera 1, the rod 19 makes an idle move to penetrate into the unloaded loose mass by a predetermined amount. During the reverse movement of the rod 19 from the chamber 1, the scrapers 21 at the slide 20 are rotated and opened for tedding and violation of arch formation in the caked material. The loose material is sent by a stream of air from the fan 11 to the tray 2 to the tray 16 and the conveyor 30 to the destination. The rod 19 operates cyclically, gradually deepening into the mound of bulk material. At the slider 20, the rod rolls on wheels 25. The rollers 26 mounted on the frame 27, and the dividers 3 provide a given direction of movement of the rod. At the end of the unloading, the rod 19 is completely withdrawn from the chamber 1, the screw ties 29 are loosened and the agitator 18 is rolled from the efforts of the operating personnel to another unloading window. At the unloading of bulk material, the agitator 18 is not needed and it is not included in the work.

As the complete or partial discharge into the chamber 1 is added the source material, which is preserved by active ventilation or drying before further discharge and subsequent post-harvest processing.

Claims (1)

Universal aero-trench for bulk and bulk material, containing a chamber made with side, rear and front walls, a bottom made of air distribution grilles and dividers, a leveling screw, an air supply duct with a fan and shutters, an unloading window with a shutter, characterized in that for the successful unloading of non-bulk of materials contains a tedder mounted on the outside at the rear wall opposite the discharge window and consisting of a periodically and reversibly moving rod, at the end of which is mounted en slider with articulated scrapers.

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