RU2300719C1 - Universal airslide conveyor for drying bulk and solid materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: the invention refers to agricultural machine building particularly to installations for drying bulk and solid materials for example of grain, piles of seeds of grasses, reduced to fragments slightly dried grass.

SUBSTANCE: a universal airslide conveyor for drying bulk and solid materials has a chamber, a bottom out of grills and splitters, a transporter and a chute, a reversible evener screw with a mechanism for its regulating on height and sensors of the drying level of material. Between the screw and the grills there is an arrangement for cutting off the low layer of the dried material. The arrangement has jalousie boxes, a carriage with shelves, an alternate/reciprocal motion mechanism, the carriage on rollers, the carriage height regulating mechanism. A mobile reversible wault destroying arrangement and the screw are installed on the cart conveyor and all of them are set into motion by one reversible motor-reduction gear through controlled sockets. The wault destroying arrangement is fastened on regulated suspensions, a furnace block and a fan serve for feeding drying agent into the chamber with a window shutter for discharging the dried material into the chute with an inspection window.

EFFECT: provides decrease of power inputs at preservation of quality of drying.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to installations for drying bulk and non-bulk materials, such as grain, heap of grass seeds, shredded dried grass.

Known aeroshaft [patent No. 2136137 from 09/10/1999], containing a hopper made with inclined side walls, an air distribution grill, dividers, an air supply duct with a fan, an unloading window with a shutter, agitator.

The disadvantages of the aeroflot are as follows:

1) there is no clear cut-off of the lower dried layer to be unloaded from the rest of the mass in the drying chamber, which leads to cost overruns and uneven moisture in the components of the dried heap;

2) excess energy costs for rotation of the agitator;

3) in the drying chamber there is no device for the formation of a given thickness of the material layer depending on the type of culture, its humidity and heat capacity.

The closest in technical essence is an aeration channel for drying bulk materials [patent No. 2259527 from 08.28.2005], containing a hopper made with inclined side, rear and front walls, a bottom made of air distribution grilles and dividers, an air supply duct with a furnace block and a fan , an unloading window with a shutter, a chain-scraper leveling conveyor with a height adjustment mechanism and a drying material level sensor for turning the conveyor on and off, and a cut-off device including a sting hinged boxes, carriage with shelves, carriage reciprocating mechanism and carriage height adjustment mechanism.

The disadvantages of the above aeroshaft are:

1) the formation of arches above the louvre boxes in bulk material eliminates the filling of the lower part of the volume of the drying chamber between the air distribution grilles and the louvre boxes;

2) the operating time of the aerial chute is limited to about one month a year;

3) the chain-scraper leveling conveyor is complicated in the device, expensive to manufacture and operate, makes it difficult to access the drying chamber during maintenance. The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency and economy of the drying process of bulk and non-bulk materials.

The problem is solved in that for drying bulk and non-bulk materials in the proposed aeration channel containing a drying chamber made with inclined side, rear and front walls, a bottom of air distribution grilles and dividers, an air inlet channel with a furnace block and a fan, an unloading window with a shutter, leveling reversible auger with a height adjustment mechanism and a drying material level sensor for turning the auger clockwise and counterclockwise, as well as disabling I, a device for cutting off the dried bottom layer, including louvres, a carriage with shelves, a mechanism for reciprocating movement of the carriage and a mechanism for adjusting the carriage in height, depending on the type of drying material, additionally installs a movable, reversible collapsing device mounted above the louvres. New significant features:

1) a movable, reversible demolition device for breaking arches during filling with non-bulk material the lower part of the volume of the drying chamber between the air distribution grilles and louvres;

2) the demolition device, leveling auger are mounted on a cart conveyor, and all of them are driven from one reversing gearbox through control clutches;

3) a movable, reversible leveling auger instead of a chain-scraper leveling conveyor successfully works on loose and non-flowing material, significantly simplifies and reduces the cost of the design of the air duct, makes it more reliable, safe in operation and accessible for inspection of the drying chamber when switching to drying other source material.

The listed new essential features are sufficient in all cases to which the requested scope of legal protection applies.

Identified distinguishing features in conjunction with the known provide a technical result.

Due to the installation of a demolition device and a leveling screw on a trolley conveyor, it became possible to create a layer of loose and non-loose materials with a certain thickness, depending on their initial parameters, this will allow rational and complete implementation of the moisture-absorbing properties of the drying agent, which reduces drying costs. The versatility of the drying chamber allows to increase its annual load by 5 ... 6 times and expand the time range of operation during the year. Drying under mild temperature conditions guarantees high rates for the dried material with a sharp reduction in material and monetary costs during the processing of bulk and non-bulk material.

Figure 1 shows the aerogloo, a General view with the position of the carriage for drying the material; figure 2 is a section along aa (figure 1); figure 3 is a General view with the position of the carriage during unloading and cooling of the lower dried layer of drying material with a cut-off from the top.

The aero chute contains a chamber 1, a bottom from the air distribution grilles 2 and dividers 3, a conveyor 4 and a tray 5 for supplying the starting material, a reversing, leveling screw 6 with a height adjustment mechanism 7 and sensors 8 of the drying material level 9. Between the screw 6 and the air distribution grilles 2, a cut-off device for the dried bottom layer is installed, including louver boxes 10, the carriage 11 with shelves 12, the mechanism 13 for the reciprocating movement of the carriage 11 on the rollers 14, the mechanism 15 for adjusting the carriage 11 in height. A movable, reversible demolition device 16 and an auger 6 are mounted on a trolley conveyor 17, and all of them are driven from one reversible gear motor 18 through controlled couplings 19. The demolition device is mounted on adjustable suspensions 20, the combustion unit 21 and fan 22 are used to supply a drying agent through channel 23 into the chamber 1, which has a shutter 24 of the window 25 for unloading the dried material into the tray 26 with the sight glass 27.

The drying process is based on a countercurrent: loose or non-flowing wet material moves from above the zone of wet material, down to the zone of dried material, and the drying agent moves from bottom to top from the zone of dry material to the zone of wet material, heating the material and evaporating moisture from it, completely saturated by her. This workflow is the most economical.

Universal aeroglove works as follows.

To dry a certain source material, it is necessary to set the leveling screw 6 together with the material level sensors 8 to the optimum height with the mechanism 7. The optimal position of the demolition device 16 is controlled by changing the length of the suspensions 20. The gap between the shelves 12 and the louvres 10 is regulated by the mechanism 15.

The reciprocating mechanism of the carriage 11 is moved to the drying position, then the conveyor 4, the screw 6 and the demolition device 16 are turned on. As soon as the wet material reaches a level, for example, the sensor 8 on the rear wall, the gear motor 18 is switched to reverse rotation to direct the wet material to the front wall. When the sensor 8 is activated from contact with wet material near the front wall of the aeroshaft, the controlled clutch 18 transfers the cart conveyor 17 to a fixed distance in the transverse direction near the drying chamber for phased loading of the entire drying chamber 1 with the formation of a layer of wet material of the same thickness over the entire area of the chamber 1. At the end of the load, the gear motor 18 and the conveyor 4 are turned off.

Using the furnace unit 21 and fan 22, the drying agent begins to flow through the channel 23 into the chamber 1 through the air distribution grilles 2. The material 9 is heated and the evaporated moisture is removed together with the spent drying agent from the upper layer of material 9 - out.

As soon as the lower layer of the material reaches the conditioned humidity, which is determined by a hygrometer during operational monitoring, the carriage 11 moves with the reciprocating movement from the mechanism 13 to the unloading position, the shelves 12 exit from under the louvred boxes 10, close the gaps between the boxes, the lower section is cut off layer of material for cooling and unloading. The furnace block 21 is turned off, the fan 22 delivers unheated ambient air through the channel 23 into the chamber 1. This air leaving the air distribution grill 2 cools and unloads the lower dried layer through the window 25, opened by the shutter 24, into the receiving tray 26. At the end the discharge shutter 24 closes, the shelves 12 of the carriage 11 are moved to the drying position. Material from the upper part of the chamber 1 wakes down to the air distribution grill 2 when the conveyor 4 and the gear motor 18 are turned on. The filling of the lower part of the chamber 1 is controlled using sensors 8, which are installed on the dividers 3 and additionally through the inspection windows 27. Conveyor 4, screw 6 and the demolition device 16 form a new even predetermined layer of material 9 in the chamber 1, and then the furnace block 21 for drying is turned on.

While working on the source bulk material, the demolition device 16 does not turn on.

Claims (1)

A universal chute for drying bulk and non-bulk materials, containing a chamber made with inclined side, rear and front walls, a bottom made of air distribution grilles and dividers, a leveling screw and a cut-off device, including louvres, a carriage with shelves, a mechanism for reciprocating movement of the carriage, air supply channel with a combustion unit and a fan, an unloading window with a damper, characterized in that for the successful drying of bulk and non-bulk materials a movable reversing is installed Noah svodorazrushayuschee device on the trolley line.

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