RU2347999C2 - Method of fire with laser semiactive homing shell on mobile target (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to arms and aims at increasing accuracy of fire on mobile targets. The satellite navigation hardware is used to define the coordinates of the laser target designator-range-finder (LTDRF) to set them into the scout control board (SCB). The coordinates of the gun are set into the fire position control board (FPCB). To make ballistic computations, meteorological data, ballistic corrections, time of preparation of the gun and shell for fire are also set and transmitted to SCB. In compliance with the first version, the scout uses LTDRF to define several target positions relative to target designator to be transmitted to SCB and transformed into the system of coordinates of topographical control over the terrain (SCTCT) and are displayed on the SCB display. Proceeding from the coordinate measurements, the target speed and direction are defined. SCB computes the forecast point of contact between the shell and target. The loaded gun is aimed at the target in compliance with fire settings and fires at preset time. In compliance with the second version, SCB uses LTDRF to select the hitting point (HP). The scout uses LTDRF to measure the distance from LTDRF to HP, azimuth and angle of HP relative to LTDRF. The measurements results are transmitted into SCB and transformed into SCTCT. The coordinates of HP are sent encoded via digital radio communication system.

EFFECT: higher fire accuracy.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of armaments, in particular to fire control systems for artillery shells with a laser semi-active homing head, capturing the illuminated target at the end of the trajectory.

The group of inventions is intended to control the fire of mortars and barreled artillery when firing at a moving target with guided artillery ammunition, as well as guided missiles with a homing head.

There is a method of firing at moving targets from cannons with unguided ammunition [patent RU No. 2111437 of 05/20/98, IPC 6 F41G 5/14. - Method and device for aiming guns]. The disadvantage of this method is that this method does not take into account the characteristics of firing guided ammunition.

As the closest analogue, the method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing head was selected [patent RU No. 2291371 dated 01/10/2007 IPC 7 F41G 5/00, 7/22. - A method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing head (options)].

The group of inventions is implemented in two ways. This task according to the first embodiment is performed due to the fact that the method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing head includes topographic reference of the target and firing position to the terrain, target detection by the target, measuring the distance from the target to the target, azimuth and target elevation relative to the target in mode successive serifs of the target position, calculation in the reconnaissance console of the topographic coordinates of the direction and speed of the target, coordinate transformation, soon the direction and direction of the target’s movement in the reconnaissance console into a sequence of binary codes and digitally transmitting them by digital radio communication to the firing position console, based on the received data and predefined weather data, ballistic corrections, the time the gun and projectile were ready to fire, calculating the projected projectile meeting point for the surface of the earth, the calculation of the shooting settings for the coordinates of the guns and the coordinates of the projected meeting point of the projectile with the target, the calculation of the time of the moment of the shot to hit the target in the predicted point, setting up a unified computer time in the reconnaissance panel and the firing position panel, implementing firing settings, issuing a signal to fire from the firing position panel at the time of the shot time, firing a shot, transmitting from the remote firing position to the reconnaissance panel through a digital radio channel the laser turn-on time radiation of the target, automatic sending from the reconnaissance panel to the target of the signal to turn on the laser radiation when the required turn-on time is reached, pointing the charge on the target illuminated by the laser radiation of the target designator.

According to the second option, the method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing head is as follows: topographic reference of the target and firing position to the terrain is performed, the point at which it is planned to hit the target is selected on the ground, the distance from the target to the target hit point is measured, azimuth and elevation angle the target’s hitting points relative to the target indicator; in the reconnaissance console, the topographic coordinates of the target’s hitting point are calculated, they are converted into a sequence of binary s and is transmitted via digital radio in the remote fire position. In the firing position panel, according to the topographic data of the gun, the coordinates of the target’s point of destruction, and the meteorological data and ballistic corrections entered from the keyboard, the firing settings that are implemented on the gun are calculated. The reconnaissance of the target is carried out from the reconnaissance panel after the implementation of the firing on the gun, and the coordinates of the target are measured in the mode of successive notches of the target position with the determination of the direction and speed of the target. In the reconnaissance console, taking into account the speed, direction of the target’s movement and the time of the guided projectile’s flight to the target’s point of destruction, the coordinates of the shot point are calculated, when a target hits it, it is necessary to issue a shot command, and the time of the shot moment is calculated, i.e. time when the target reaches the point of the shot. When the time comes for the moment of the shot from the reconnaissance console to the firing position console they give a signal to fire. A shot is fired and from the firing position remote control to the reconnaissance remote control via a digital radio channel transmit the time for turning on the laser radiation of the target, when it occurs, the signal for turning on the laser radiation is automatically issued from the remote control of the scout to the target. The projectile is aimed at a target illuminated by the laser radiation of the target designator.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is that the method assumes only the rectilinear movement of the target and does not take into account the terrain that will force the target to move in an indirect manner. The lack of data on how the target will move during preparation for the shot and the flight of guided ammunition to the target’s point of destruction can lead to a miss when shooting at a moving target, since the predicted point will not be accurately calculated, and accordingly the shooting settings for the first option or it will be inaccurate the moment of the shot is determined for the second option.

The objective of the proposed group of inventions is to increase the accuracy of pointing the projectile at a moving target by predicting the likely trajectory of the target and using this data to more accurately calculate the shooting settings or the moment of the shot.

This task in the first embodiment is achieved due to the fact that in the known method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing target on a moving target, including topographic reference of the target and firing position to the terrain, target detection by the target, measuring the distance from the target to the target, azimuth and angle the target’s location relative to the target pointer in the sequential serif mode of the target’s position, calculation of the topographic coordinates, direction and speed of the target’s movement in the reconnaissance panel , based on the coordinates of the target, the speed of the target and predefined weather data, ballistic corrections, the preparation time of the gun and the projectile for firing, the calculation of the predicted meeting point of the projectile with the target on the ground, the calculation of the firing settings for the coordinates of the gun and the coordinates of the projected meeting point of the projectile calculation of the time of the shot to hit the target at the predicted point, taking into account the terrain factor and the road network, the installation of a single computer time in the reconnaissance console and the firing position console the implementation of firing installations, the issuance of a firing signal from the firing position panel at the time of the shot, the firing of a shot, the reconnaissance panel transmitting from the firing position to the reconnaissance panel via the digital radio channel the time of switching on the laser radiation of the target, automatic sending from the reconnaissance panel to the target pointer of the laser radiation on when the required turn-on time is reached, aiming the projectile at a target illuminated by the laser radiation of the target designator, something new will complement A set of probable target movement routes is introduced into the reconnaissance console and, after the target is detected, the route closest to the measured coordinates of the target is selected, taking into account which the predicted meeting point of the projectile with the target is calculated.

The specified task in the second embodiment is achieved due to the fact that in the known method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing head against a moving target, including topographic reference of the target and firing position to the terrain, selecting the point at which you plan to hit the target, measuring the distance from target to the point of defeat of the target, azimuth and elevation angle of the point of destruction of the target relative to the target pointer, calculation in the reconnaissance console of the topographic coordinates of the point of destruction of the target, pre their formation into a sequence of binary codes and digital radio transmission to the firing position console, calculation of firing settings in the firing position console according to the topographic location of the gun, the coordinates of the target’s hitting point, predicted taking into account the terrain factor and the road network, weather data and ballistic corrections, the implementation of the settings firing on guns, reconnaissance of the target after the implementation of firing installations, and the measurement of the coordinates of the target is carried out in the mode of successive serifs of the target position with the definition of the remote reconnaissance of the direction and speed of the target’s movement, after which the coordinates of the point of the shot and the time of the moment of the shot are calculated in the reconnaissance panel, upon which a shot command is issued from the reconnaissance panel to the firing position panel, a shot is fired and transmitted from the firing position panel to the reconnaissance panel via digital channel of radio communications, the time of turning on the laser radiation of the target, when it occurs automatically, the signal for turning on the laser radiation is automatically transmitted from the reconnaissance panel to the target, t aiming the projectile at the target illuminated by the laser radiation of the target designator, it is new that an additional set of probable target movement routes is introduced into the reconnaissance panel, and after the target is detected, the route closest to the measured coordinates of the target is selected, the coordinates of the shot point are calculated taking into account the mentioned route, speed of the target and the flight time of the guided projectile to the selected point of destruction of the target.

The first variant of the method is illustrated by the graphic material of figure 1. The second variant of the method is illustrated by the graphic material of figure 2.

The proposed methods of firing from an artillery guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing head are implemented as follows (figures 1 and 2). In combat order, the artillery battery is located at a long range from the line of contact with the enemy. A scout is sent to the battle contact line with a laser rangefinder (LCD), satellite navigation equipment, a digital radio station and a reconnaissance panel, and the LCD outputs, satellite navigation equipment and a digital radio station are connected through connectors to the reconnaissance processor processor.

Using satellite navigation equipment, the coordinates of the LCD (X _LCD , Y _LCD , Z _LCD ), for example, in a rectangular geographic system, are determined and entered into the reconnaissance panel. In the firing position console, for example, from satellite navigation equipment, the coordinates of the gun’s latitude, longitude and height are entered (X _OP , Y _OP , Z _OP ), weather data, ballistic corrections, the time of preparing the gun and the projectile for shooting are entered from the keyboard for ballistic calculations. These data are transmitted over the communication channel to the reconnaissance console.

A laser pointer with a rangefinder and a target channel serves to detect and track the target, as well as to determine the distance from the LCD to the target, azimuth and elevation of the target relative to the LCD.

Information about the likely routes of the target’s movement is entered into the reconnaissance console, for example, this may be a section of the road. The route of the probable target movement can be entered into the reconnaissance console, for example, in the following ways:

- using LCDs by sequentially measuring the coordinates of points on the terrain that determine the likely route of movement of the target;

- the route can be indicated on an electronic map of the area if the data on the area is recorded in the memory of the reconnaissance console;

- the coordinates of the probable target movement route can be pre-measured using satellite navigation equipment of the reconnaissance console.

In the first embodiment, the scout using LCD with an interval, for example, 20 s, makes several measurements of the range to the target, azimuth and elevation angle of the target relative to the target (D _i , α _i , ε _i ). The measurement results are transmitted to the reconnaissance panel and converted, for example, into the terrestrial coordinate system of the topographic location (X _c , Y _c , Z _c ), displayed on the screen of the reconnaissance panel. For several measurements of the coordinates of the target, the speed and direction of movement of the target are calculated.

In the reconnaissance console, the projected projectile meeting point is calculated based on the target’s coordinates, speed and a given route of its movement, previously entered weather data, ballistic corrections, and the preparation time of the gun for firing, for example, in the following sequence:

1. The parameters of the first approximation are calculated:

- coordinates of the predicted point (X _PT1 , Y _PT1 , Z _PT1 ) lying on the route at a distance of D = V * t _{sub equipment} from the coordinates of the last location of the target,

where V is the speed of the target,

t _{sub equipment} - the time of preparation of the projectile and guns for firing;

;- range to the target

;

- the flight time of the projectile t _p1 to the predicted point (for example, according to the dependencies [Patent RU No. 2111437 of 05/20/98 IPC 6 F41G 5/14. - Method and device for aiming guns]).

2. The parameters of the second approximation are calculated:

- the coordinates of the projected point _(nm2 X, Y _nm2, Z _nm2) lying on a route at a distance D = V * (t + t _{podg.orudiya n1)} from the last target location coordinates;

;- range to the target

;

;- the distance between the predicted points of the first and second approximation

;

- projectile flight time t _P2 (for example, according to the dependences [Patent RU No. 2111437 of 05/05/98 IPC 6 F41G 5/14. - Method and device for aiming guns]) to the predicted point;

- if D _c1-2 > 50 m, then the iterative process of calculating the coordinates of the predicted point continues, otherwise, the coordinates of the predicted point are the result of the iterative process X _pt , Y _pt , Z _pt .

For the predicted point, ballistic gun firing settings are automatically calculated, for example, according to the dependencies given in the patent [Patent RU No. 2111437 of 05/20/98, IPC 6 F41G 5/14. - Method and device for aiming guns]. The calculated firing settings and the point in time of the shot are transmitted to the firing position console.

Using the means of orientation, the charged gun is guided towards the target by firing settings. To hit a target at a predicted point in the firing position console, a countdown to the time of the shot automatically occurs. When this time comes, a shot command is issued to the gun and a shot is fired. The time of the moment of the shot is determined, for example, by the following formula:

t _B = t _H + t _P + t _{sub equipment}

where t _B is the time of the moment of the shot;

t _H - time of the last measurement of target coordinates;

t _P - time to complete the calculations;

t _{sub equipment} - the time of preparing the projectile and guns for firing.

In the second option, the scout using the LCD will select the target's hit point (PC) on the ground at which it is planned to hit the target. Using the LCD, the scout measures the distance from the LCD to the PC point, the azimuth and elevation angle of the PC point relative to the LCD (D _TPC , α _TPC , ε _TPC ). The measurement results are transmitted to the reconnaissance console and converted, for example, into the terrestrial coordinate system of the topographic location (X _TPC , Y _TPC , Z _TPC ), displayed on the reconnaissance console screen. The coordinates of the PC point are converted into a sequence of binary codes, for example, according to the EIA standard of the RS232C interface and are transmitted to the firing position console via digital radio communication.

In the firing position console, for example, from satellite navigation equipment, the coordinates of the latitude, longitude, and height of the gun (X _OP , Y _OP , Z _OP ) are entered, weather data and ballistic corrections are entered from the keyboard for ballistic calculations.

In the firing position console for the PC point, ballistic gun firing settings are calculated, for example, according to the dependencies given in RU patent No. 2111437 of 05.20.98, IPC 6 F41G 5/14. - Method and device for aiming guns. The calculated firing settings are transmitted to the gun commander.

Using the means of orientation, the charged gun is guided towards the target by firing settings.

Upon detection of a target moving in the direction of the PC point, the scout, using an LCD, with an interval of, for example, 10 s, makes several measurements of the range to the target, azimuth and elevation angle of the target relative to the LCD (D _i , α _i , ε _i ). The measurement results are transmitted to the reconnaissance panel and converted, for example, into the terrestrial coordinate system of the topographic location (X _c , Y _c , Z _c ), displayed on the screen of the reconnaissance panel. For several measurements of the coordinates of the target, the speed and direction of movement of the target are calculated.

To hit the target at the control center point in the reconnaissance panel using the coordinates of the target, its speed and route, as well as the coordinates of the control center point, the time of the shot is calculated, for example, in the following sequence:

1. The topographic coordinates of the shot point (X _TV , Y _TV , Z _TV ) are located on the trajectory of the route at a distance of D _TV-TPC from the target's hit point (X _TPC , Y _TPC , Z _TPC )

D _TV-TPC = V * t _flight ,

where V is the speed of the target,

_flight t is the projectile’s flight time to the point of destruction of the target;

2. The distance from the target to the point of the shot D _c-tv is determined by the path of the route from the point of location of the target at time t _tech to the point of the shot (X _TV , Y _TV , Z _TV ), after which the time of the moment of the shot is calculated by the formula:

t _B = t _tech + D _c-tv / Vt _{communication} ,

where t _tech is the current value of time;

t _{communications} - the time the command for the shot was transmitted from the reconnaissance panel to the gun commander.

When the time t of the shot comes _in (the target is at the shot point), the shot command is transmitted from the reconnaissance panel to the firing position panel and a shot is fired from the gun.

In the proposed methods, at the moment of a shot on the firing position console, the commander switches on the “Shot” button and a shot message is automatically generated and transmitted to the reconnaissance console. At the same time, the shot time is read from the firing position console according to the readings of the clock of the single-time system clock and the delay time of the LCD on the target illumination mode is assigned, taking into account the total projectile flight time; it is transmitted to the reconnaissance console in the form of the value of the time the LCD was turned on in the target illumination mode. The message "Shot" containing the time the LCD was turned on in the target illumination mode is transmitted to the reconnaissance console in the form of a sequence of binary codes. The gun can be moved to the stowed position and transported to a new position.

The scout through the LCD continues to accompany the target, keep it at the crosshairs of the sighting channel.

A digital signal comes to the reconnaissance console about a shot and the required time for the LCD to turn on in target illumination mode. The LCD laser turn-on time is automatically set based on the indications of the unified time of the firing position panel and the reconnaissance panel.

At the appropriate time, the signal to turn on the laser radiation from the reconnaissance panel is automatically issued via a digital interface, for example RS232, in the LCD and the laser beam illuminates the target.

When the projectile approaches the target, the homing head on the projectile scans the earth's surface in search of a trace of the laser beam. When a laser spot is detected in a guided projectile, steering wheel commands are generated that provide guidance to the center of the laser spot.

Coordinate transformations in the proposed methods can be performed using the following coordinate systems.

Linking the LCD and the firing position at which the gun is located to the terrain is preferably done in a geographical coordinate system (SK) with fixation of latitude, longitude and altitude.

LCD captures the target in polar SC (distance, azimuth, elevation). In the reconnaissance console, the coordinates of the target entered from the LCD are converted to a geographical SK. Through radio communication, the coordinates of the topographic location of the target in the geographic SK are transmitted to the firing position console.

In the firing position console, the target and gun coordinates are used to determine the range to the target, elevation difference, and also calculate the shooting settings in the polar coordinate system associated with the gun; moreover, the X axis of the coordinate system is oriented to the north. A tool is pointing at these coordinates.

The projectile in the first section during uncontrolled flight moves along a trajectory determined by the aiming of the gun. In the second section, after turning on the homing head, the projectile is controlled in the polar SC associated with the longitudinal axis of the projectile.

To implement the method can be applied to the device shown in the prototype.

The group of inventions - a method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing head in comparison with the prototype allows to increase the accuracy of firing artillery guided missiles and missiles when a moving target is hit by using data on the probable trajectory of the target.

Information sources

1. Patent RU No. 2111437 dated 05/20/98, IPC 6 F41G 5/14. - Method and device for aiming guns.

2. Patent RU No. 2291371 dated January 10, 2007. IPC 7 F41G 5/00, 7/22. - A method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing head (options).

Claims (3)

1. A method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing target on a moving target, including topographic reference of the target and firing position to the terrain, target detection by the target, measuring the distance from the target to the target, azimuth and elevation angle of the target relative to the target in successive serif position target, calculation in the reconnaissance console of topographic coordinates, direction and speed of the target, based on the coordinates of the target, speed of the target and predefined weather data ballistic corrections, the preparation time of the gun and the projectile for firing, the calculation of the projected meeting point of the projectile with the target on the ground, the calculation of firing settings by the coordinates of the gun and the coordinates of the projected meeting point of the projectile with the target, the calculation of the shot time to hit the target at the predicted point, taking into account terrain factor and road network, setting up a single computer time in the reconnaissance panel and the firing position panel, implementing firing settings, issuing a firing signal from the firing position panel When the time of the shot comes, the shot is fired, the firing position is transmitted to the reconnaissance panel via the digital radio channel of the target indicator laser radiation on time, the laser signal is automatically sent from the reconnaissance panel to the target indicator when the required activation time is reached, aiming the projectile at the target illuminated laser radiation of the target, characterized in that in addition to the reconnaissance remote control enter a set of probable routes of movement of the target and after detection guns of the target choose the route closest to the measured coordinates of the target, taking into account which they calculate the predicted meeting point of the projectile with the target. 2. A method of firing a guided projectile with a laser semi-active homing target on a moving target, including topographic reference of the target and firing position to the terrain, selecting the point at which you plan to hit the target, measuring the distance from the target to the target, azimuth and elevation defeat of the target relative to the target pointer, calculation in the reconnaissance console of the topographic coordinates of the point of defeat of the target, converting them into a sequence of binary codes and digital transmission interconnections to the firing position console, calculation of firing positions in the firing position panel according to the topographic location of the gun, the coordinates of the target’s hitting point, predicted taking into account the terrain factor and the road network, weather data and ballistic corrections, the implementation of gun firing systems, reconnaissance of the target after firing installations moreover, the measurement of the coordinates of the target is carried out in successive serif mode target position with the determination in the reconnaissance remote control direction and speed of the target, and then in the remote control reconnaissance They calculate the coordinates of the point of the shot and calculate the time of the moment of the shot, at the onset of which a command to shoot is issued from the reconnaissance panel to the firing position console, a shot is fired and the time of laser switching of the target indicator is transmitted from the firing position panel to the reconnaissance panel via a digital radio communication channel, upon which the signal for turning on the laser radiation is automatically issued from the reconnaissance panel to the target indicator, the projectile is aimed at the target illuminated by the laser radiation of the target pointer, characterized in that in addition to the reconnaissance console enter a set of probable routes of the target’s movement, and after detecting the target, select the route closest to the measured coordinates of the target, and calculate the coordinates of the shot point taking into account the mentioned route, target speed and flight time of the guided projectile to the selected point hitting a target. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the time of the moment of the shot is calculated by the formula:
t _in = t _tech + D _c-tv / Vt _{communication} ,
where t _tech is the current value of time, s;
t _{communications} - the time the command was sent for a shot from the reconnaissance panel to the gun, s;
V - target speed, m / s;
D _c-tv - the length of the path route of the target from the point of location of the target at time t _tech to the point (X _TV , Y _TV , Z _TV ), m,
where (X _TV , Y _TV , Z _TV ) - the coordinates of the shot point lying on the trajectory of the target’s movement at a distance D _TV-TPC , m;
D _TV-TPC - V · t _flight ,
where D _TV-TPC - the length of the route from the point of the shot (X _TV , Y _TV , Z _TV ) to the point of destruction of the target (X _TPC , Y _TPC , Z _TPC ), m;
t _flight - the flight time of the projectile to the point of destruction of the target, sec.

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