RU2341491C2 - Ceramic mixture for ceramic brick production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction; chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: ceramic mixture for brick production contains beidellite low-melting clay with the upper refractoriness temperature threshold, which is close to high-melting clay temperature, ach-and-sludge material with organic substances content from 15-25% and wollastonite containing sludge from phosphor production at the following ratio of components, wt %: beidellite low-melting clay - 50-70; ach-and-sludge material - 15-25; wollastonite containing sludge from phosphor production - 15-25.

EFFECT: improved acid resistance and frost resistance of items.

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Description

The invention relates to the industry of ceramic materials, mainly to the composition of the masses for ceramic bricks.

The ceramic mass for producing bricks of the following composition is known, wt.%: Clay part of the “tails” of gravity of zircon-ilmenite ores - 20-70, ash TPP - 30-80 / Abdrakhimov DV Ceramic brick from industrial wastes / D.V. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova, V.Z. Abdrakhimov. // Construction Materials. - 1999. - No. 9. - C 34-35 /.

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low frost resistance (14-30 cycles).

Closest to the invention is a ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks, comprising the following components, wt.%: Beidellite fusible clay with an upper limit of refractory temperature close to the temperature of refractory clays - 50-70, ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25% - 30- 50 / Abdrakhimov V.Z. The use of ash TPP in the production of ceramic bricks / V.Z. Abdrakhimov // Interuniversity collection of works. - Samara, 2006. Issue 1. Improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures. - S.88-92. / Accepted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low acid resistance.

The essence of the invention is improving the quality of building materials.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the acid resistance and frost resistance of the brick.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that wollastonite-containing granular slag from phosphorus production is additionally introduced into the well-known ceramic mass, including beidellite low-melting clay with an upper limit of refractory temperature close to the temperature of refractory clays, and the following ratio of components , wt.%:

beidellitic fusible clay with an upper temperature limit of refractoriness close to the temperature of refractory clays - 50-70;

ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25% - 15-25;

wollastonite-containing granular slag from phosphorus production with a CaO content of 50.8% - 15-25.

As the main clay raw material for the production of ceramic bricks, clay of the Obraztsovsky deposit of the Samara region was used. Clay of the Obraztsovsky deposit is characterized as medium-dispersed, mainly with a low content of small and medium inclusions, represented by quartz, ferruginous minerals, gypsum and carbonate inclusions, the chemical composition is presented in Table 1. The main rock-forming clay mineral is beidellite, the average content of which is up to 70%.

Table 1
Chemical compositions of components Components The content of oxides, wt.% SiO ₂ Al ₂ About ₃ CaO MgO Fe ₂ About ₃ R ₂ O SO ₃ pp Beidellite clay Obraztsovsky deposit 57.13 19.25 2.0 1.32 5.72 1,5 1.01 8.8 Ash and slag material of the Togliatti TPP (Donetsk Basin) 49.16 17.7 3.99 2,36 6.42 0.1 0.9 19.94 Wollastonite-containing granular slag from phosphorus production 40-47 1-4 50.8 5.7 0.5-1 0.4-2 0.8-1.1 8.7

According to the granulometric composition, the clay of the Obraztsovskoye deposit belongs to the group of medium-dispersed raw materials, highly sensitive to drying, and is characterized by high shrinkage of the samples, and plasticity refers to medium plastic, the plasticity number of which ranges from 15-24.

Ash and slag material, the chemical composition of which is shown in Table 1, was used as a cleaning agent and a burning additive for the production of ceramic bricks, and wollastonite-containing granular slag from phosphorus production was used as a calcium-containing component. The chemical composition of granulated slag is presented in table 1. According to the mineralogical composition, the slag mainly consists of wollastonite (70-75%). The granulometric composition of the slag is as follows: 5 mm - 0.7%; 2.5 mm - 18.2%; 1.25 mm - 30.8%; 0.63 mm - 18.2%; 0.315 mm - 13.2%; 0.14 mm - 9.5%; less than 0.14 mm - 9.4%

Wollastonite, as is known, reduces shrinkage and deformation distortions of samples. At high temperatures (1050 ° C), the reaction with wollastonite is intensified and condensing low-melting compounds, eutectics and glass are formed.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. The ceramic mass was prepared in a plastic way at a moisture content of 20-24%, from which the brick was molded, raw brick was dried to a moisture content of not more than 8% and then fired at a temperature of 1050 ° C. Table 2 shows the composition of ceramic masses, and in table 3 the physical and mechanical properties of bricks.

table 2
The compositions of ceramic masses Components The content of components, wt.% one 2 3 Beidellite clay Obraztsovsky deposit 70 60 fifty Ash and slag material of the Togliatti TPP (Donetsk Basin) fifteen twenty 25 Wollastonite-containing granular slag from phosphorus production fifteen twenty 25

Table 3
Physico-mechanical properties of bricks Indicators Compositions Prototype one 2 3 Acid resistance,% 85.8 89.8 91.7 78.2-82.4 Frost resistance cycles 67 77 83 25-30 Shrink% 2,4 2,8 3,1 6.5-6.8

As can be seen from table 3, the bricks from the proposed compositions have higher acid resistance and frost resistance than the prototype.

The resulting technical solution when using wollastonite-containing granular slag from phosphorus production can significantly increase acid resistance and frost resistance. In addition, the introduction of wollastonite-containing granular slag from phosphorus production into the composition of ceramic masses can significantly reduce brick shrinkage.

The use of technogenic raw materials in the production of bricks contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection and the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials.

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of ceramic bricks, including beidellite fusible clay with an upper temperature limit of refractoriness close to the temperature of refractory clays, and ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25%, characterized in that it additionally contains wollastonite-containing granular slag from phosphorus production in the following ratio components, wt.%: beidellite fusible clay with a top refractory temperature limit, close to the temperature of refractory clays 50-70 ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25% 15-25 wollastonite-containing granulated slag from phosphorus production 15-25