RU2555974C1 - Ceramic mass for making ceramic brick - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: result is achieved by addition to ceramic mass of calcium-containing blast-furnace slag of aphanitic texture with the following content, wt %: SiO₂ - 36.1; Al₂O₃ - 12.4; Fe₂O₃ - 1.5; CaO - 38.8; MgO - 9.4; R₂O - 1.8 at the following component ratio, wt %: beidellite fusible clay 50-70; ash and slag material 15-25; calcium-containing blast-furnace slag of aphanitic texture 15-25.

EFFECT: increasing freeze resistance and acid resistance of brick.

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Description

The invention relates to the industry of ceramic materials, mainly to the composition of the masses for ceramic bricks.

The ceramic mass for producing bricks of the following composition is known, wt.%: The clay part of the “tails” of gravity of zircon-ilmenite ores - 20-70, ash TPP - 30-80 [1].

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low frost resistance (14-30 cycles).

Closest to the invention is a ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks, which includes the following components, wt.%: Beidellite fusible clay 50-70, ash and slag material 15-25, power granulated slag from phosphorus production 15-25 [2]. Adopted for the prototype.

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low frost and acid resistance.

The essence of the invention is improving the quality of ceramic bricks.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the frost and acid resistance of the brick.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that calcium-containing blast-furnace slag of an afanitic structure with the content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 36.1; Al ₂ O ₃ - 12.4; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 1.5; CaO - 38.8; MgO - 9.4; R ₂ O - 1.8 in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

beidellite fusible clay 50-70 ash and slag material 15-25 calcium-containing blast furnace slag of an afanite structure 15-25

Calcium-containing blast-furnace slag of the afanite structure is formed in blast furnaces at OJSC West Siberian Metallurgical Plant, Novokuznetsk. Aphanite structure - macroscopically homogeneous structure of dense volcanic rocks (aphanites), consisting of glass and small crystalline individuals, indistinguishable without a microscope. The calcium-containing blast furnace slag of the afanite structure consists of a glass phase with rare inclusions of microlites.

Microlite is a small stone: small needle or lamellar crystals of microscopic sizes; are included in the glassy bulk of effusive rocks. The chemical composition of the calcium-containing blast furnace slag of the afanite structure is presented in table 1.

The increased CaO content in blast furnace slag will increase the physico-mechanical properties of bricks at a brick firing temperature of 1050 ° C.

Beydellite clay of the Obraztsovsky deposit (Samara region), which is characterized as medium-disperse with a low content of small and medium inclusions, was used as a clay binder for brick production. The main rock-forming clay mineral is beidellite, the average content of which is from 50 to 80%.

For the production of bricks, the ash and slag material of the Togliatti TPP was used as a scrubber and a burnable additive. Ash is a loose material of black or gray color. In addition to minerals, an organic component is present in it. The chemical composition of ash and slag material is presented in table 1.

The mineralogical composition of the ash and slag material is represented by the following minerals, wt.%: Amorphized clay substance - 10-20; organics - 20-25; glassy balls - 45-65; quartz, feldspar - 5-15; calcite - 3-5; hydrogranates, mullite, iron oxides - 5-10, impurities - 3-7. Having a high organic content, ash and slag material can be used in the production of ceramic materials and as a burnable additive.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

The components were ground prior to passing through a No. 1.0 sieve. After grinding, the components were thoroughly mixed. A ceramic mass was prepared in a plastic way at a moisture content of 20-24%, a brick was formed from the resulting mixture. The molded raw brick was dried to a moisture content of not more than 8% and then fired at a temperature of 1050 ° C. The isothermal exposure at the final temperature was 1 hour. Table 2 shows the compositions of ceramic masses, and in table 3 the physical and mechanical properties of bricks.

As can be seen from table 3, the bricks of the proposed compositions have higher rates of frost and acid resistance than the prototype.

An analysis of the results of experimental studies showed that the best strength characteristics are possessed by ceramic materials based on blast furnace slag with an afanite structure, which causes the formation of high-strength dendrite structures in a ceramic crock.

The resulting technical solution when using calcium-containing blast furnace slag of an afanite structure allows to increase the frost and acid resistance of the brick.

The use of technogenic raw materials for brick production contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, and the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials.

Information sources

1. Abdrakhimov D.V. Ceramic brick from industrial wastes / D.V. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova, V.Z. Abdrakhimov. // Construction Materials. - 1999. - No. 9. - C 34-35.

2. Patent No. 2341491 of the Russian Federation. RU, IPC C04B 33/138. Ceramic mass for the manufacture of ceramic bricks. / Kovkov I.V., Shevando V.V., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Denisov D.Yu., Abdrakhimova E.S., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Vdovina E.V. - Publ. 12/20/2008. Bull. 35.

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of ceramic bricks, including fusible clay, characterized in that it further comprises a calcium-containing blast furnace slag of an afanite structure with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 36.1; Al ₂ O ₃ - 12.4; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 1.5; CaO - 38.8; MgO - 9.4; R ₂ O - 1.8 in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
beidellite fusible clay 50-70 ash and slag material 15-25 calcium-containing blast furnace slag of an afanite structure 15-25