RU2354626C2 - Ceramic paste for ceramic brick manufacturing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: ceramic paste for ceramic brick manufacturing includes fusible beidellite clay with upper fire resistance limit close to high-melting clay temperature, ash and slag material with organic content of 15-25%, and hydromica clay with hydromica content of 32%, at the following component ratio, wt %: fusible beidellite clay - 50-70; ash and slag material - 15-25; hydromica clay with hydromica content of 32% - 15-25.

EFFECT: enhanced bending durability and frost resistance of products.

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Description

The invention relates to the industry of ceramic materials, mainly to the composition of the masses for ceramic bricks.

The ceramic mass for producing bricks of the following composition is known, wt.%: Clay part of the “tails” of gravity of zircon-ilmenite ores - 20-70, ash TPP - 30-80 (Abdrakhimov D.V. Ceramic brick from industrial wastes / D.V. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova, V.Z. Abdrakhimov // Building materials. -1999. -№9. - P.34-35) [1].

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low frost resistance (14-30 cycles) and compressive strength (10.2-16.8 MPa).

Closest to the invention is a ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks, comprising the following components, wt.%:

beidellitic fusible clay with an upper limit of refractory temperature close to the temperature of refractory clays - 50-70, ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25% - 30-50 (Abdrakhimov V.Z. Use of TPP ash in ceramic brick production // Interuniversity collection of works . - Samara, 2006. Issue 1: Improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures. - P.88-92) [2]. Adopted for the prototype.

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low mechanical compressive strength (14.8-16.4 MPa).

The essence of the invention is improving the quality of building materials.

The technical result of the invention is to increase frost resistance and mechanical compressive strength.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known ceramic mass, including beidellite low-melting clay with an upper limit of refractory temperature close to the temperature of refractory clays, and ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25%, hydromica clay with a hydromica content of 32% is additionally introduced in the next the ratio of components, wt.%:

beidellitic fusible clay with an upper limit of the temperature of refractoriness close to the temperature of refractory clays - 50-70;

ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25% - 15-25;

hydromica clay with a hydromica content of 32% - 15-25.

As the main clay raw material for the production of ceramic bricks, clay of the Obraztsovsky deposit of the Samara region was used. Clay of the Obraztsovsky deposit is characterized as medium-dispersed, mainly with a low content of small and medium inclusions, represented by quartz, ferrous minerals, gypsum and carbonate inclusions. The chemical composition is presented in table 1. The main rock-forming clay mineral is beidellite, the average content of which is up to 80%.

Table 1. The chemical compositions of the components Components The content of oxides, wt.% SiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ CaO MgO Fe ₂ O ₃ R ₂ O SO ₃ P.p.p. Beidellite clay 57.13 19.25 2.0 1.32 5.72 1,5 1.01 8.8 Ash and Slag Material 49.16 17.7 3.99 2,36 6.42 0.1 0.9 19.94 Hydromica clay 64,2 10.3 5.68 2.2 4.02 2.5 0.5 8.4

According to the granulometric composition, clay of the Obraztsovsky deposit belongs to the group of medium-dispersed raw materials, highly sensitive to drying, and is characterized by high shrinkage of the samples, and plasticity refers to medium-plastic, the plasticity number of which ranges from 15-24.

Ash and slag material, the chemical composition of which is shown in Table 1, was used as a cleaning agent and a burn-out additive for the production of ceramic bricks, and hydromica clay of the Danilovsky deposit in the Samara region was used to increase frost resistance and mechanical strength. Hydromica clay has a refractoriness not higher than 1100 ° C; therefore, its use in the composition of ceramic masses will make it possible to obtain frost-resistant and high-strength bricks at a temperature of 1000 ° C. The chemical composition of hydromica clay is presented in table 1. The mineralogical composition of the fusible clay of the Danilovsky deposit is represented by the following minerals, wt.%: Hydromica 27, quartz 30, gypsum - 5, feldspar - 23, kaolinite - 10, iron oxides - 5.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. The ceramic mass was prepared in a plastic way at a moisture content of 20-24%, from which the brick was molded, raw brick was dried to a moisture content of not more than 8% and then fired at a temperature of 1000 ° C. Table 2 shows the compositions of ceramic masses, and in table 3 the physical and mechanical properties of bricks.

Table 2. The composition of ceramic masses Components The content of components, wt.% one 2 3 Beidellite clay of Obraztsovsky deposit 70 60 fifty Ash and slag material of the Togliatti TPP (Donetsk Basin) fifteen twenty 25 Hydromica clay of Danilovskoye field fifteen twenty 25

Table 3. Physico-mechanical properties of bricks Indicators Compositions Prototype one 2 3 Mechanical compressive strength, MPa 17.8 18.9 19.8 14.8-16.4 Frost resistance cycles 72 78 84 25-30

As can be seen from table 3, the bricks of the proposed compositions have higher rates of mechanical strength and frost resistance than the prototype.

The resulting technical solution when using hydromica mild fusible clay can significantly increase the mechanical compressive strength and frost resistance.

The use of ash and slag material in brick production contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection and the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials.

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of ceramic bricks, including beidellite fusible clay with an upper limit of refractoriness close to the temperature of refractory clays, and ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25%, characterized in that it additionally contains hydromica clay with a hydromica content of 32% in the next the ratio of components, wt.%:
beidellite fusible clay with upper temperature limit refractoriness close to the temperature of refractory clays 50-70 ash and slag material with an organic content of 15-25% 15-25 hydromica clay with a hydromica content of 32% 15-25