RU2389707C1 - Ceramic mixture for making ceramic bricks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the industry of ceramic materials, mainly to compositions of mixtures for making bricks. The ceramic mixture for making ceramic bricks which contains low-melting clay is distinguished by that it also contains gabbro-dibasic mixture wastes from mineral wool production, with the following ratio of components in wt %: low-melting clay - 70-90; gabbro-dibasic mixture wastes from mineral wool production - 10-30.

EFFECT: increased compression strength of products.

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Description

The invention relates to the industry of ceramic materials, mainly to compositions of the masses for ceramic bricks.

The ceramic mass for producing bricks of the following composition is known, wt.%: Clay part of the “tails” of gravity of zircon-ilmenite ores - 20-70, ash TPP - 30-80 / Abdrakhimov DV Ceramic brick from industrial waste. / D.V. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova, V.Z. Abdrakhimov // Building materials. - 1999. - No. 9. - C 34-35 / [1].

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low compressive strength of the brick (10.4-16.8 MPa).

Closest to the invention is a ceramic mass for the manufacture of bricks, including the following components, wt.%: Low-melting clay - 10-97, waste basalt mixture - 3-35, the clay part of the "tailings" of gravity zircon-ilmenite ores - 5-55 / Vdovina E.V. Research by the regression method of analyzing the physical and mechanical properties of bricks. / E.V. Vdovina, A.V. Abdrakhimov, V.Z. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova // News of universities. Construction. 2007. No3. S.40-46 / [2]. Adopted for the prototype.

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low compressive strength of the brick.

The essence of the invention is to increase the compressive strength of a brick.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the compressive strength of a brick.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known ceramic mass, including fusible clay, waste gabbro-diabase charge from the production of mineral wool is additionally introduced in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

fusible clay 70-90 gabbro-diabase charge waste mineral wool production with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ -50.6; Al ₂ O ₃ - 17.9; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 15.8; CaO 7.1; MgO - 6.6 10-30

Gabbro-diabase charge wastes are generated in the production of mineral wool and are used in the ceramic mass for brick production as a cleaner and sintering intensifier. Having a high content of iron oxides (Fe ₂ O ₃ -15.8), the waste of the gabbro-diabase charge intensifies the firing processes. The chemical composition of the waste gabbro-diabase mixture is presented in table 1.

As the main clay raw material for the production of ceramic bricks, fusible clay of the Danilovsky deposit of the Samara region was used. Clay of the Danilovskoye deposit is characterized as coarse, mainly with a high content of large and medium inclusions, represented by quartz, ferruginous minerals, gypsum and carbonate inclusions; the chemical composition is presented in Table 1. The main rock-forming clay mineral is hydromica.

Table 1 Chemical compositions of components Components The content of oxides, wt.% SiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ CaO MgO Fe ₂ O ₃ R ₂ O SO ₃ P.p.p. Fusible clay of Danilovskoye field 64,2 10.3 5.68 2.2 4.02 2.5 0.5 8.4 Gabbro-diabase charge waste 50.6 17.9 7.1 6.6 15.8 - - -

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. The ceramic mass was prepared in a plastic way at a moisture content of 20-24%, from which the brick was molded, raw brick was dried to a moisture content of not more than 8% and then fired at a temperature of 1050 ° C. Table 2 shows the composition of ceramic masses, and in table 3 - physical and mechanical properties of bricks.

table 2 The compositions of ceramic masses Components The content of components, wt.% one 2 3 Fusible clay 90 80 70 Gabbro-diabase charge waste 10 twenty thirty

Table 3 Physico-mechanical properties of bricks Indicators Compositions Prototype one 2 3 Mechanical compressive strength, MPa 17,2 17.8 18.9 12.5-15.6 Frost resistance cycles 40 47 52 21-47 Shrink% 7.4 7.0 6.5 - Heat resistance, ° С 133 138 142 - Acid resistance,% 87.2 88.1 88.8 -

As can be seen from table 3, the bricks of the proposed compositions have a higher compressive strength than the prototype. The resulting technical solution when using waste gabbro-diabase mixture allows you to increase the mechanical compressive strength of the brick. The use of technogenic raw materials in brick production contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials and the use of low-grade (coarse) fusible clay.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Abdrakhimov D.V. Ceramic brick from industrial waste. / D.V. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova, V.Z. Abdrakhimov // Building materials. - 1999. - No. 9. - C 34-35.

2. Vdovina E.V. Research by the regression method of analyzing the physical and mechanical properties of bricks. / E.V. Vdovina, A.V. Abdrakhimov, V.Z. Abdrakhimov, E.S. Abdrakhimova // News of universities. Construction. 2007. No3. S.40-46.

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of ceramic bricks, including fusible clay, characterized in that it additionally contains waste gabbro-diabase mixture produced by mineral wool with a content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 50.6; Al ₂ O ₃ - 17.9; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 15.8; CaO 7.1; MgO - 6.6 in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
fusible clay 70-90 specified waste 10-30