RU2330780C2 - Training tower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation, diving equipment.

SUBSTANCE: training tower has a dry under-tower compartment and an escape hatch with an airport, lower and upper covers, systems of filling and releasing water and air. The escape hatch is furnished with a union coupled with a hose coupler of the diver isolating breathing apparatus. Manifold is arranged outside the tower and is connected by pipes with the breathing system arranged in the under-tower compartment and communicating, via a pipeline, with the hatch inner space. A depth meter is arranged before air port.

EFFECT: chances of training the divers with simulation of separate diver submersion and submersion in underwater apparatus conditions.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of diving equipment, namely to training devices (training towers) for practicing training tasks on the use of diving breathing apparatus and special breathing systems with interchangeable delivery of various respiratory gas mixtures (DGS), and can be used in training complexes of the Navy RF

A well-known cylindrical-shaped training tower filled with fresh water has a turret compartment, in the upper part of which there is a lock device for accessing the tower / New Training Center of the Australian Navy. Foreign naval equipment, 1991, No. 6 (90), p.3 /.

The disadvantage of this tower is that for the learner to exit through the gateway device, it is necessary to increase the pressure in the turret compartment to a pressure equal to the column of water in the tower. The presence of pressure in the turret compartment complicates the training technology, limits the possibility of practicing various exit methods and creates difficulties in the design of the turret compartment.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a training tower with a dry turret compartment and a rescue hatch with a porthole, upper and lower covers, systems for filling and discharging water and air / RF Patent No. 2238878. Training tower. 2004 Bul. No. 30 /.

The indicated training tower has a dry turret compartment, which makes it possible to carry out trainings for the submariners to exit the emergency submarine through the rescue hatch with two covers.

The disadvantage of this tower is the impossibility of fulfilling the tasks of using diving isolating breathing apparatus (IDA) and respiratory systems (hereinafter systems) for underwater vehicles (PSD).

The technical task of this invention is the possibility of training divers with simulated conditions of autonomous diving and descents in the cabin PSD.

The task is achieved in that in a training tower with a dry turret compartment and a rescue hatch with a porthole, upper and lower covers, water and air filling and discharge systems, according to the invention, there is a fitting in the rescue hatch to which a hose connector of a diving insulating breathing device is attached inside the hatch apparatus, and outside - a manifold connected by pipelines to the respiratory system located in the turret compartment, while the respiratory system is also connected by a pipe to the internal by the hatch, and a depth gauge is placed in front of the porthole.

The technical result obtained in the implementation of the present invention is the ability to carry out training of divers with simulated conditions of autonomous diving and descents in the cabin PSD at different depths.

A schematic diagram of a training tower is shown in the drawing.

The training tower consists of a cylindrical body 1 filled with water, a dry turret compartment 2 with an upper bulkhead 3, in which a rescue hatch 4 is located, having an upper 5 and lower 6 cover. In the rescue hatch 4, a porthole 7 is located at eye level of the training diver. The training tower is equipped with:

- a system for filling and discharging water, including valves 8 and 9, as well as pipelines 10, 11, 12 and 13;

- an air filling system including a valve 14, pipelines 15 and 16;

- an air discharge system including a valve 17, pipelines 18 and 19.

In the rescue hatch 4 there is a fitting 20, to which inside the hatch there is attached a hose connector 21 of the hose 22 of the insulating breathing apparatus 23, dressed on a training diver 24. Outside the rescue hatch 4, a manifold 25 is attached to the fitting 20, which is connected to the respiratory system by pipelines 26 and 27 located in the turret compartment 2. The respiratory system 28 is connected by a pipe 29 to the internal volume of the rescue hatch 4. The respiratory system 28 provides a changeable supply of various DHS to the training diver, depending on the depth us his location.

To control the training diver of the descent depth in front of the porthole 7, inside the turret compartment 2, a depth gauge 30 is installed, connected to the hatch 4 by a pipe 31.

The operation of this device is as follows.

A trained diver 24, dressed in equipment with an isolating breathing apparatus 23 enters the turret compartment 2, opens the bottom cover 6 and is placed in the rescue hatch 4 facing the porthole 7. Then the diver 24 attaches the IDA 23 hose 22 to the fitting 20 through the hose connector 21 and turns on breathing from the respiratory system 28.

Located in the turret compartment 2, the diver closes the bottom cover 6 of the rescue hatch 4 and begins filling it with water, opening valve 8 and valve 17, while valve 9 is closed. As the rescue hatch 4 is filled with water, the air bag is forced out through line 18, open valve 17, and line 19 into the atmosphere. The rescue hatch 4 is filled with water to the level of porthole 7. According to the report of the training diver 24, valves 8 and 17 are closed.

Providing the diver with the opening of valve 14 begins to rise in pressure by supplying air through pipelines 15 and 16 to the rescue hatch 4 to a predetermined training depth (PSD swimming depth). In this case, the respiratory system 28, sensing the pressure inside the rescue hatch 4 through the pipe 29, automatically provides the required DGS through the pipelines 26 or 27, the manifold 25, the fitting 20, the hose connector 21 and the hose 22 to the breathing circuit IDA 23.

Then, the operator begins to change the pressure in the rescue hatch, simulating the sub-flooding and subsidence of the PSD during movement, while the training diver 24 monitors the depth of immersion along the depth gauge 30 and notes the passage of washes of the respiratory circuit of IDA 23 from the respiratory system 28, practicing DHS breathing during the washing period.

At constant pressure (at a constant depth), at the command of the operator, the training diver 24 disconnects from the respiratory system 28, disconnecting the hose connector 21 from the fitting 20, and breathes only from the IDA 23. This operation is repeated several times.

The development of ascent to the surface is as follows. The training diver 24 is disconnected from the respiratory system 28, and the operator equalizes the pressure in the rescue hatch 4 with the pressure of the water column in the cylindrical body 1, opening the valve 8. After equalizing the pressure, the top cover 5 automatically opens (the cover opening system is not shown) and the training diver 24 pops up to the surface.

The operator closes the valve 8 and the top cover 5. The rescue hatch 4 is drained by opening the valve 9 and draining the water through pipelines 13 and 12.

In the event of an emergency with a training diver, the rescue hatch 4 is drained, the bottom cover 6 opens and the diver enters the dry turret compartment 2.

Thus, the invention provides:

- development of practical breathing skills of a diver in an autonomous IDA and connected to the PSD system both at a constant and at a variable depth of descent;

- development of practical skills to connect and disconnect the IDA of a diver to the PSD system under water at various depths.

Claims (1)

Training tower with a dry turret compartment and a rescue hatch with a porthole, upper and lower covers, water and air filling and discharge systems, characterized in that the rescue hatch has a fitting to which a hose connector of a diving insulating breathing apparatus is attached inside the hatch and outside a manifold connected by pipelines to the respiratory system located in the turret compartment, while the respiratory system is also connected by piping to the internal volume of the hatch, and in front of the porthole depth.