RU2324524C2 - Sectional sleeve filter for purifying of gas - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention opens up a sectional sleeve filter used for purifying of gas that contains frame equipped with the brining and excurrent junction pipes and divided for chambers where the polluted or clean gases may be stored. The invention has sleeves with the filter surface that is made from fabric; system of an impulse regeneration of these sleeves; and system of discrepancy detection developed for the sleeves' filter surface. Specifically, the aforementioned detection system includes ejector, transducer unit that determines a quantity of dust, and junction pipes. The transducer is made as a chamber equipped with transparent side walls and is located between sources of light and a photo element. The filter is distinguished for its chamber of purified air which, in turn, is divided in sections linked to the brining junction pipe with the gas flues. A gas flue of each section is equipped with a cutoff plate, and the discrepancy detection system in the sleeves' filter surface is installed in every section. The ejector is actually set inside the gas flue, while its bringing and excurrent junction pipes are located outside the gas flue exit. The ejector's receiving junction pipe is connected with the dust transducer. The transducer's excurrent junction pipe is linked to the gas flue, while the sensory device itself is equipped with a junction pipe which stipulates an entrance of the regenerative air.

EFFECT: facilitation of the construction's simplification and increases in the reliability of the filter's work.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to filtering devices for cleaning gas from dust and can be used in ferrous, non-ferrous metallurgy, building materials industry and other industries.

Known bag filter type FRKI with pulse regeneration (Mazus MG, Malgin AD, Morgulis ML Filters for trapping industrial dust. - M .: Mechanical engineering, 1985. - P.104), containing a housing with a lead and outlet pipes, divided into sections in which filter bags are installed. The sections are connected to the discharge branch pipe with gas ducts equipped with shut-off valves. A probe rod in the form of a curved plate is located on the chimney flues. The probe allows you to detect damage to the sleeves in sections by the thickness of the layer of dust deposited on it. In case of damage to the sleeves, the section is turned off with the shutter, and the filter continues to work with an increased load.

The disadvantages of such a filter include the imperfection of the system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves, which is caused by the need for constant visual monitoring of the probe located on the gas ducts of the shutters, and this is not always possible under the conditions of filter operation. As a rule, such monitoring is carried out periodically. Precisely because of this, situations are possible where for some time the filter may work with a damaged filter surface of the sleeves, which will go unnoticed, while the dust together with the purified gas will be released into the atmosphere.

Closest to the claimed invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a bag filter (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2011404, IPC ⁵ B01D 46/02, publ. 04/30/1994), comprising a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, divided into dirty and clean gas chambers , sleeves with a filtering surface made of fabric, a system for pulse regeneration of sleeves and a system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves, including an ejector, a dust detector made in the form of a chamber with transparent side walls and located laid between a light source and a photocell, and nozzles. The system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves is a series-connected dust separator, intake, concentrator, transportation means, dust detector and speed damper. At the same time, the camera of the dust presence sensor is made with a diffuser input, a confuser output and a grounded metal grid located inside.

The system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves of such a filter allows automatic detection of damage to them and turning off the suction fan to stop the filter, which prevents the removal of dust with purified gas in case of damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves.

The disadvantages of such a filter include the complexity of the design and the unreliability of its system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves, due to the need to use a large number of structural elements. And the use of an inertial elbow with a fence placed in it is not always advisable in industrial practice and significantly increases the cost of the system. The presence of a metal mesh in the sensor chamber complicates its regeneration before reuse. There is also a need for an additional supply of compressed air to the ejector from an autonomous source, while its feed rate should provide a deeper vacuum than in the outlet pipe of the filter. The presence of a speed damper, which by design is a filter, requires periodic regeneration of its filter surface. Due to the relatively small amount of dust that is required for the system to turn off the fan, it is necessary to equip the system with an additional device for collecting dust and ensure its subsequent disposal.

In addition, such a filter is difficult to operate, maintain and unreliable in operation.

The basis of the claimed invention is the task of creating a sectional bag filter for gas purification, which will simplify the design, operation and maintenance of the filter, as well as improving the reliability of its operation.

The problem is solved in that in a sectional bag filter for gas purification, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, divided into dirty and clean gas chambers, bags with a filter surface made of fabric, a pulse regeneration system for bags and a system for detecting damage to the filter surface of bags, including an ejector, a dust sensor made in the form of a camera with transparent side walls and located between the light source and the photocell, and the nozzles according to the invention, the camera is clean filter gas is divided into sections that are connected to the outlet pipe of the gas ducts, the gas duct of each section is equipped with a shutter damper, a system for detecting damage to the filter surface of the sleeves is installed in each section, while the ejector is installed in the gas duct, and its inlet and outlet pipes are led outside the duct the ejector nozzle is connected to the dust presence sensor, the outlet nozzle of the sensor being connected to the gas duct, and the sensor itself is equipped with a nozzle for introducing regenerative air. In addition, the light source is equipped with interchangeable filters.

The separation of the clean gas chamber of the filter into sections that are connected to the exhaust pipe of the filter by the gas ducts, if the sleeves are damaged, makes it possible to disable only one section, the sleeves of which were damaged, with the continuation of the work of the other sections in the filtering mode with increased load, i.e. the filter continues to work.

In this case, the shutdown of the section is ensured by the equipment of the gas duct of each section with a shut-off damper. All this increases the reliability of the filter as a whole and simplifies its operation.

Installing a system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves in each section allows you to accurately determine the individual section whose sleeves were damaged, turn off this separate section with a cut-off damper, preventing dust from entering the atmosphere, while other sections remain in the filtering mode with increased load. This design solution allows you to simplify the operation and maintenance of the filter.

The installation of an ejector in the duct allows you to create a deeper vacuum in it than in the outlet pipe of the filter, which eliminates the need for an additional autonomous source of compressed air, and this in turn simplifies the design and increases the reliability of the filter as a whole. Additional rarefaction in the ejector is created due to the intake of atmospheric air.

The output of the inlet and outlet pipes of the ejector to the outside of the gas duct, the connection of the intake nozzle of the ejector to the dust sensor, the connection of the outlet of the sensor to the gas duct allows the gas flow from the dust sensor not to the atmosphere, but again to the gas duct, which allows not to use an additional cleaning unit for such a stream . In addition, the location of all the elements of the system for detecting damage to the filter surface of the sleeves outside the gas duct simplifies their maintenance, which in turn simplifies operation and increases the reliability of the filter as a whole.

Equipping the sensor with a nozzle for introducing regenerative air makes it possible to restore the working surface of the transparent walls of the sensor chamber by intensively blowing air after each dusty gas entering it and removing adhering dust from the transparent walls. All this provides simplification of operation and maintenance of the filter as a whole.

The equipment of the light source with interchangeable filters allows, depending on the characteristics of the dust captured by the filter, to select the optimal operating mode of the photocell, which helps to simplify the operation and maintenance of the filter as a whole.

Based on the foregoing and taking into account the revealed causal relationship between the totality of the features of the claimed invention and the achieved technical result, it can be argued that the problem posed as the basis for creating a sectional filter for gas purification has been completely solved, since the use of the invention allows to simplify the design, operation and filter maintenance, as well as improving the reliability of its operation.

The design of the sectional bag filter for gas purification is illustrated by the drawings, which depict on:

- figure 1 is a section of the filter housing in one of the sections;

- figure 2 - node a in figure 1 - system for detecting damage to the filter surface of the sleeves on an enlarged scale;

- figure 3 is a section along BB in figure 2.

The sectional bag filter for gas purification comprises a housing 1 with a supply 2 and a discharge 3 pipes, divided by a bag 4 into dirty and clean gas chambers. The clean gas chamber of the filter is divided into sections 5. In the sleeve board 4, sleeves 6 are installed, the filtering surface of which is made of fabric. Above the sleeves 6 are mounted nozzles of the pulsed regeneration system 7. Sections 5 by gas ducts 8 are connected to the outlet pipe 3 of the filter. In the flues 8, shut-off valves 9 and ejectors for detecting damage to the filter surface of the sleeves 6 are mounted, the ejectors consist of a supply pipe 10 and a receiving pipe 11, which are brought out of the gas duct 8. The receiving pipe 11 of the ejector is connected to the chamber 12 of the dust sensor. The chamber 12 of the dust sensor is equipped with a nozzle 13 for introducing regenerative air, and its outlet nozzle 14 is connected to the gas duct 8. The chamber 12 is equipped with transparent side walls 15, on the outside of which a photocell 16 and a light source 17 with interchangeable filters 18 are mounted opposite each other. On the nozzles 10 , 11, 13 and 14 installed shut-off and control valves in the form of valves or plug valves 19, 20, 21 and 22.

Section bag filter for gas purification works as follows.

When the suction fan is started (not shown in the drawings), a vacuum is created in the filter housing 1, and gas contaminated with dust from the process units through the inlet pipe 2 starts to flow into the filter. Passing through the sleeves 6, the gas is cleaned of dust, which is retained on the fabric of the filtering surface of the sleeves 6, and cleaned through sections 5 through the flues 8 and the outlet pipe 3 is removed from the filter.

During normal operation of the filter, periodic regeneration of the filtering surface of the sleeves 6 occurs with compressed air, which is supplied from the nozzles of the pulse regeneration system 7.

If the filter surface of any of the sleeves 6 is damaged, contaminated gas begins to flow into the duct 8 of section 5.

Simultaneously with the creation of a vacuum in the duct 8, with the valve 21 closed and the valves 19, 20 and 22 open, atmospheric air enters the chamber 12 through the inlet pipe 10 and the inlet pipe 11. Due to the creation of an additional rarefaction in the ejector (compared with the vacuum in the gas duct 8), gas is sucked into the chamber 12 through the expander of the receiving pipe 11 from the gas duct 8.

Passing the chamber 12, the mixture of air and gas through the outlet pipe 14 is returned to the duct 8.

When contaminated gas enters the chamber 12, part of the light from the light source 17, passing through the transparent walls 15, is absorbed by dust particles, while the photocell current decreases, which serves as a signal for issuing a command to close the shut-off valve 9, and one of the sections 5 with a damaged filter the surface of the sleeves 6 is taken out of operation, and the filter continues to work with an increased load.

Since the absorption of light by dust particles is determined by their chemical composition, crystallographic characteristics, chamber thickness 12, and wavelength of light, changing the color and density of interchangeable filters 18, a filter is selected for the optimal characteristics for the operation of photocell 16.

To prepare the chamber 12 for subsequent operation (after switching off section 5 and its subsequent switching on), it is intensively purged with regenerating atmospheric air through a pipe 13 with open valve 21 and closed valves 19, 20. This operation removes dust particles adhering to the surface of transparent walls 15 of the chamber 12, after which the valve 21 closes, and the valves 19 and 20 open.

Claims (2)

1. Sectional bag filter for gas purification, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, divided into dirty and clean gas chambers, sleeves with a filter surface made of fabric, a pulse regeneration system for the sleeves, and a system for detecting damage to the filter surface of the sleeves, including an ejector, a dust sensor made in the form of a chamber with transparent side walls and located between the light source and the photocell, and nozzles, characterized in that the clean filter gas chamber is divided into sections, cat They are connected to the outlet pipe by gas ducts, the gas duct of each section is equipped with a shut-off damper, a system for detecting damage to the filter surface of the sleeves is installed in each section, the ejector is installed in the gas duct, and its inlet and outlet pipes are led outside the duct, the receiving nozzle of the ejector is connected to the dust sensor moreover, the output pipe of the sensor is connected to the gas duct, and the sensor itself is equipped with a pipe for introducing regenerative air. 2. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source is equipped with interchangeable filters.

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