RU195470U1 - HOSE FILTER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to filtering devices for cleaning gas from dust and can be used in the ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, building materials industry and other industries. Technical result achieved: improvement of the degree of gas purification in the bag filter. The solution of these problems was achieved in a bag filter containing a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, divided into dirty and clean gas chambers, sleeves with a filter surface made of fabric and open ends installed in tube sheets, system pulse regeneration of the sleeves in the form of a container with compressed air, tubes with valves and nozzles mounted against each sleeve coaxially with them and against their open end, so that the length of the sleeves is made from the condition: L = (10-20) d, where L is the length of the sleeve, d is the inner diameter of the sleeve. Each row of nozzles has a valve configured to open and close at different times. The bag filter may include a control unit connected by channels to the valves. 2 s.p. crystals, 15 ill., 4 tab.

Description

The utility model relates to filtering devices for cleaning gas from dust and can be used in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, building materials industry and other industries.

Known bag filter type FRKI with pulse regeneration (Mazus MG, Malgin AD, Morgulis ML Filters for trapping industrial dust. - M .: Mashinostroenie, 1985. - S. 104), containing a housing with a lead and outlet pipes, divided into sections in which filter bags are installed. The sections are connected to the outlet pipe by gas ducts equipped with shut-off valves. The probe rod in the form of a curved plate is placed on the gas ducts. The probe allows you to detect damage to the sleeves in sections by the thickness of the layer of dust deposited on it. In case of damage to the sleeves, the section is turned off using the damper, and the filter continues to work with an increased load.

The disadvantages of such a filter include the imperfection of the system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves, which is caused by the need for constant visual monitoring of the state of the probe located on the gas ducts of the shutters, and this is not always possible under operating conditions of the filters. As a rule, such monitoring is carried out periodically. Precisely because of this, situations are possible where for some time the filter may work with a damaged filter surface of the sleeves, which will go unnoticed, while the dust together with the purified gas will be released into the atmosphere.

Known bag filter according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2011404, IPC B01D 46/02, publ. 04/30/1994. This bag filter contains a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, divided into chambers of dirty and clean gas, bags with a filter surface made of fabric, a pulse regeneration system for bags and a system for detecting damage to the filter surface of the bags, including an ejector, a dust sensor made in the form of a camera with transparent side walls and located between the light source and the photocell, and nozzles. The system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves is a series-connected dust separator, intake, concentrator, transportation means, dust presence sensor and speed damper. In this case, the camera of the dust presence sensor is made with a diffuser input, a confuser output and a grounded metal grid located inside.

The system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves of such a filter makes it possible to automatically detect damage to them and turning off the suction fan to stop the filter, which prevents the removal of dust with purified gas in case of damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves.

The disadvantages of this filter include the complexity of the design and the unreliability of its system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves, due to the need to use a large number of structural elements. The use of an inertial elbow with a fence placed in it is not always advisable in industrial practice and significantly increases the cost of the system. The presence of a metal mesh in the sensor chamber complicates its regeneration before reuse. There is also a need for an additional supply of compressed air to the ejector from an autonomous source, while its feed rate should provide a deeper vacuum than in the outlet pipe of the filter. The presence of a speed damper, which is a filter in design, requires periodic regeneration of its filter surface. Due to the relatively small amount of dust that is required for the system to turn off the fan, it is necessary to equip the system with an additional device for collecting dust and ensure its subsequent disposal.

In addition, such a filter is difficult to operate, maintain and unreliable in operation.

Known filter bag and a method for cleaning it according to the patent of Russian Federation No. 2324524, IPC B01D 46/02. publ. 12/10/2007, the prototype.

This invention discloses a bag filter for gas purification, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, divided into dirty and clean gas chambers. In the invention there are sleeves with a filtering surface made of fabric, a system for pulse regeneration of the sleeves and a system for detecting damage to the filtering surface of the sleeves. In this case, the detection system includes an ejector, a dust sensor and nozzles. The sensor is made in the form of a camera with transparent side walls and is located between the light source and the photocell. The filter is characterized in that the clean gas chamber of the filter is divided into sections that are connected to the outlet pipe by gas ducts, the gas duct of each section is equipped with a shut-off damper, and a system for detecting damage to the filter surface of the sleeves is installed in each section. The ejector is installed in the duct, and its inlet and outlet pipes are brought out of the duct. The intake pipe of the ejector is connected to a dust sensor. The output pipe of the sensor is connected to the gas duct, and the sensor itself is equipped with a pipe for introducing regenerative air.

Disadvantages: low degree of purification and low resource filter bag.

Objectives of creating a utility model: improving the degree of gas purification and increasing the life of a bag filter.

Technical result:

- improving the degree of gas purification in the bag filter.

The solution of these problems was achieved in a bag filter containing a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, divided into dirty and clean gas chambers, sleeves with a filter surface made of fabric and open ends installed in tube sheets, a pulse bag regeneration system in the form of a container with compressed air, tubes with valves and nozzles mounted against each sleeve coaxially with them and against their open end, so that the length of the sleeves is made from the condition:

L ₁ = (10-20) d _p ,

where L ₁ is the length of the sleeve,

d _p is the inner diameter of the sleeve.

Each row of nozzles has a valve configured to open and close at different times.

The bag filter may include a control unit connected by communication channels to the valves.

The design of the bag filter for gas purification is illustrated by the drawings of FIG. 1-15,

where is shown:

- in FIG. 1 main view of the bag filter in the context,

- in FIG. 2 shows a view from above,

FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a bag filter,

- in FIG. 4 shows a section B - B in FIG. 3

- in FIG. 5 shows a section C - C in FIG. 3

- in FIG. 6 shows a section D - D in FIG. 3

- in FIG. 7 shows a pulse cleaning system,

- in FIG. 8 shows a view of E,

- in FIG. 9 is a control diagram of a bag filter regeneration system,

- in FIG. 10 shows a first embodiment of a regeneration method, 1 row of sleeves,

- in FIG. 11 shows a first embodiment of a regeneration method, 2 rows of hoses,

- in FIG. 12 shows a first embodiment of a regeneration method, the nth row of sleeves,

- in FIG. 13 shows a second variant of the regeneration method, 1 row of sleeves,

- in FIG. 14 shows a second variant of the regeneration method, 2 row of sleeves,

- in FIG. 15 shows a second variant of the regeneration method, the nth row of sleeves.

The list of essential features:

building 1,

inlet pipe 2,

outlet pipe 3,

dirty gas chamber 4.

clean gas chamber 5,

sleeve 6,

cavity 7,

adapter 8,

dust collector 9.

bearing 10,

staircase 11,

guardrail 12,

wire frame 13,

filter surface 14,

open end 15,

closed end 16,

tube sheet 17,

pulse cleaning system 18.

compressed air receiver 19,

valve 20,

collector 21,

tube 22,

nozzle 23.

channel 24,

control unit 25,

communication channel 26.

The bag filter (Fig. 1 and 2) is designed to purify gas or air and contains a housing 1 with a supply 2 and a discharge 3 pipes, a dirty gas chamber 4 and a clean gas chamber 5.

The filtering elements are made in the form of sleeves 6 mounted vertically in the cavity 7 of the housing 1. which is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. Under the housing 1, an adapter 8 is made, tapering downward and then a dust collector 9. The housing 1 is mounted on supports 10 and is equipped externally with stairs 11 and fences 12 (Figs. 1 and 2).

The sleeves 6 have a wire frame 13 with a filter surface 14 of fabric, open ends 15 on one side (top), closed ends 16 on the other side (bottom). Sleeves 6 are installed in the tube sheet 17 (Fig. 1 and 7).

A pulse cleaning system 18 is installed in the clean gas chamber 5. The pulse cleaning system 18 comprises a compressed air receiver 19 with valves 20, manifolds 21, tubes 22 and nozzles 23 having channels 24 (Figs. 1, 7, and 9).

The length of the sleeve 6 should be made from the condition:

L ₁ = (10 - 20) d _p ,

where L ₁ - sleeve length 6,

d _p - inner diameter of the sleeve 6.

The rationale for the optimality of the specified range of length of the sleeve 6 from the conditions for a favorable combination of the main characteristics of the bag filter is illustrated in table. 1.

The author experimentally selected the optimal mode of operation of the regeneration system.

Every 60-120 sec, the valves 20 of the pulse cleaning system 18 are opened and compressed air with a pressure of 0.4 to 0.8 MPa with a pulse duration of 0.1 to 1 sec enters through the manifolds 21, tubes 22 and channels 24 of the nozzles 23 open ends 15 inside the sleeves 6.

The choice of the optimality of the duration of the regeneration pulses, taking into account the degree of purification, resource and energy costs, is justified in table. 2.

The conclusion of the table. 2: the optimal duration of the regeneration pulses according to the degree of purification, overhaul life and energy consumption is from 0.1 to 1.0 seconds.

The choice of the optimality of the duration of the period between regeneration pulses is justified in table. 3. Reducing the duration between pulses improves the cleaning of the bag filter, but reduces its overhaul life due to destruction of the sleeves 6. In addition, with a decrease in the duration between pulses, the energy costs for cleaning 1000 m ^{3 of} gas sharply increase.

The conclusion of the table. 3:

With an increase in the duration of the period between pulses of more than 120 seconds, the resource of the filter element increases, but the gas purification worsens significantly.

When the pulse duration is less than 60 seconds, the degree of gas purification in the bag filter does not meet the technical specifications.

The choice of the optimal pulse pressure is given in table. 4. Obviously, there is an optimal value of the pressure pulse at which the degree of gas purification satisfies the technical task, and the overhaul life corresponds to the set filter prevention time: 700-1000 hours (about 1 month of continuous operation).

The total warranty life of a bag filter is 15 years.

The conclusion of the table. 4: optimal pulse pressure of compressed air for cleaning the hoses 6: P = 0.4-0.8 MPa.

In FIG. 7 shows a pulse cleaning system. The sleeves 6 are cleaned in rows while the manifold 21 is installed against each row of sleeves 6. At the inlet to each collector, a valve 20 is installed.

In FIG. 8 shows a view E of the sleeve 6. The sleeve 6 comprises a wire frame 13 and a filter surface 14.

In FIG. 9 is a control diagram of a bag filter regeneration system. The control is carried out by the control unit 25, connected by a communication channel 26 with the valves 20.

In FIG. 10 is a diagram of the pressure change of compressed air for the first embodiment of the regeneration operation in the 1st row of hoses; FIG. 11 is a diagram for a 2nd row of sleeves, and FIG. 12 is a diagram for the nth row of sleeves. Obviously, the diagrams in FIG. 10-12 are identical, since the opening of all valves 20 is carried out simultaneously.

In FIG. 13 is a diagram of the pressure change of compressed air for the second embodiment of the regeneration operation for the 1st row of hoses; FIG. 14 for the 2nd row of sleeves, in FIG. 15 for the nth row of sleeves.

The opening of the valves 20 for each subsequent row of sleeves 6 is performed with a time shift of 2-5 seconds.

EXAMPLE OF WORK OF THE SUGGESTED DEVICE.

First option.

The bag filter operates as follows (Figs. 1, 3, 7, and 9).

The cleaned gas is brought through the inlet pipe 2 into the dirty gas chamber 4, which passes through the filter surfaces 14 of the sleeves 6 and through the open ends 15 goes into the clean gas chamber 5 and then into the discharge pipe 3.

Periodically, after 60-120 seconds, on command from the control unit 25, the valves 20 are opened and compressed air with a pressure of 0.4-0.8 MPa from the receiver 19 enters through the valves 20 to the manifolds 21, then to the tubes 22 and nozzles 23. From the nozzles 23 through channels 24, compressed air at high speed enters the sleeves 6.

Dust is shaken off the filter surfaces 14 and poured through the adapter 8 into the dust collector 9 (Fig. 1, 7 and 9).

The valve activation cycle 20 is shown in FIG. 10-12. It can be seen that all valves 20 are turned on simultaneously.

The second option.

In the second embodiment (Fig. 9, 13-15), the control unit 25 through the communication channels 26 provides a signal to open the valves 20.

The valves 20 are opened alternately with an interval of 2 seconds - 5 seconds between adjacent rows of sleeves 6 and the cleaning of the sleeves 6 occurs in rows in stages. This additionally reduces shock loads on the bag filter parts and increases its service life.

Application of the utility model allowed:

- increase the degree of purification of the filter elements of the bag filter; due to the optimal aspect ratio of the sleeves,

- increase the overhaul life of the bag filter for the same reasons.

Claims (6)

1. A bag filter containing a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, divided into dirty and clean gas chambers, bags with a filter surface made of fabric and open ends installed in tube sheets, a pulse bag regeneration system in the form of a container with compressed air, tubes with valves and with nozzles mounted against each sleeve coaxially with them and against their open end, characterized in that the length of the sleeve is made from the condition: L ₁ = (10-20) d _p , where L ₁ is the length of the sleeve, d _p is the inner diameter of the sleeve. 2. A bag filter according to claim 1, characterized in that each row of nozzles has a valve configured to open and close at different times. 3. A bag filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a control unit connected by communication channels to the valves.

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