RU2321197C2 - Farm crop growth and development promoter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, farm crop growth and development promoting means using biologically active substances.

SUBSTANCE: farm crop growth and development promoter is formed as composition containing biologically active sum of triterpene acids and biologically active flavonoid - dihydroquercetin, said components being used in weight ratio of 4-12:1, respectively, as farm crop growth and development promoting means.

EFFECT: increased crop yield, improved quality of commercial product, increased resistance to diseases, and wider range of natural growth and development promoters for farm crops.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to regulate the growth and development of crops using biologically active substances.

Chemical preparations and extracts obtained from wood processing wastes are used in medicine, the food industry, and also as agrochemical preparations for the production of crop products. Thus, it is known that a group of drugs based on the biologically active amount (mixture) of triterpene acids (TTK) isolated from woody greens or the bark of Siberian fir sold under the trademarks “BIOSIL” (RU 2225100 A2, 10.03) is known to be a regulator of the growth and growth of crops. .2004; RU 2224414 C2, 02.27.2004), SILK (RU 2108707 C1, 04.20.1998; RU 2151139 C1, 06/20/2000; TU No. 9291-001-03533895-94) or NOVOSIL (RU 2269895 C1 , 02.20.2006).

Recently, of great interest to science and best practice is the regulator of growth and development of agricultural crops obtained from sawdust of Siberian and Daurian larch, which is a biologically active flavonoid - dihydroquercetin (DHA), commercialized under the brand name Lariksin (RU 2229213 C2, 27.05 .2004; RU 2256328 C1, 07.20.2005).

The objective of the present invention is to provide a regulator of growth and development of crops, with increased efficiency, providing increased germination and viability of crops, and expanding the range of natural regulators of growth and development of crops.

The problem is achieved by using a composition containing a biologically active amount of triterpenic acids and a biologically active flavonoid - dihydroquercetin, taken in a mass ratio of 4 ÷ 12: 1, respectively, as a regulator of growth and development of crops.

The use of the composition according to the invention led to the discovery of an unexpected synergistic effect observed with the combined agrochemical use of TTK and DHA taken in the above weight ratio.

To prepare the composition according to the invention, the SILK preparation, which is a 5% aqueous emulsion (concentrate) or compressed briquettes weighing 30-40 g, containing 10% of the active substance, or the BIOSIL or NOVOSIL preparation, can be used as a TTK "Representing a 10% aqueous emulsion (concentrate). DHA is a commercially available product of varying degrees of purity. All these products, as well as the Larixin preparation, which is a 5% emulsion with an active substance (DHA) content of 50 mg / ml, as well as extracts from coniferous trees, containing DHA, can be used to prepare TTK compositions in amounts corresponding to the absolute content of DHA.

Before use, the preparations are diluted with water to the desired concentration of the working solution for seed treatment by soaking and for the treatment of vegetative plants and mixed in the above weight ratio.

The following examples illustrate the present invention without limiting it.

Example 1

The study of the dynamics of rice seedlings and plant development during pre-sowing combined seed treatment with combinations of TTK and DHA.

but. The purpose of the experience.

The study of the possibility of occurrence, and then use the effect of mutual enhancement of the properties of two bioactivators - biological product "SILK", which is an aqueous 10% solution of fir triterpenic acids (TTK) and dihydroquercetin (DHA).

b. The experimental technique.

A batch of seeds of rice variety "Amethyst" quality "Superelita" in an amount of 900 pcs. after thorough careful mixing in a laboratory flask is averaged, then divided into 18 groups of 50 seeds. Each group is used to study the effects of a combination of drugs.

For seed treatment in different combinations, the following solution solutions are prepared, the composition of which is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. The composition of the mixtures for the treatment of rice seeds. №№ Mixture components The mass ratio of TTK: DHA 1: 0 (No. 1) 12: 1 (No. 2) 8: 1 (No. 3) 4: 1 (No. 4) 0: 1 (No. 5) Control (No. 6) one Water ml 98 98 98 98 99,4 99,4 2 TTC suspension, ml 2 2 2 2 0 0 3 DHA mg 0 17 25 fifty 200 0 four Emulsifier PO-6TS, ml - - - - 0.6 0.6

Agrochemical mixtures No. 1-4 are prepared as follows. To a standard emulsion of TTK, which is a composition of 10 weight parts of TTK in a mixture of 30 weight parts of an emulsifier (foaming agent PO-6TS grade A, TU 0258-147-05744685-96) and 60 weight parts of water, add the required portion of DHA, mix and dilute water to a total volume of 100 ml. In the preparation of the mixture No. 5, first DHA is mixed with an emulsifier, and then diluted with water. The control solution is obtained by diluting the emulsifier alone.

Each group of seeds is treated by spraying 12.5 ml of the solution from its variant.

Each combination of seeds is sown on the surface of a 2 cm layer of soil at the bottom of the beaker, and the soil is prepared from a mixture of sand: expanded clay: peat 1: 1: 1, then water was poured into glasses to a level of 2 cm during the first 7 days, 8 cm during 8-12 days, and then 14 cm for 13-20 days. All experiments are done in triplicate at the same time. Evaluation of seed germination is carried out by directly counting the number of germinated seeds on 7, 12, 20 days in each glass, their averaging and the ratio to the total number of seeds (150 pcs.).

at. The results of the experiments.

Data on the relative germination and development of plants during pre-sowing seed treatment with combinations of TTK and DHA are presented in Table 2.

As follows from the data in Table 2, the composition of TTK and DHA according to option No. 3 is most effective: already at an early stage, the germination of rice seeds exceeds the control by 43%. The presence of synergism of combined action with the TTK and DHA preparations is confirmed by the fact that each of them separately gives significantly lesser effects, while synergism is present in the remaining ratios of TTK and DHA.

Table 2. Data on the relative germination of rice seeds. No. Experience Options Relative germination,% 7 days 12 days 20 days No. 1 TTK: DHA = 1: 0 31.5 38,0 45.0 Number 2 TTK: DHA = 12: 1 42.0 57.0 58.0 Number 3 TTK: DHA = 8: 1 43.0 58.0 62.0 Number 4 TTK: DHA = 4: 1 34.6 48.0 54.0 Number 5 TTK: DHA = 0: 1 34.0 46.0 51.0 Number 6 Control ^* 28.0 40,0 45.0 ^* In the absence of TTK and DHA.

Example 2

The study of the effectiveness of combined presowing treatment of rice seeds in the field.

The study of the effectiveness of the combined presowing treatment of rice seeds with mixtures of TTK and DHA is carried out in the field when sowing seeds treated with solutions of TTK, DHA and their synergistic mixture with a mass ratio of 8: 1. The method of presowing seed treatment is shown in Example 1. The experimental results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

Table 3. The effectiveness of the combined presowing treatment of rice seeds with the composition of TTK and DHA in a mass ratio of 8: 1; rice biometrics (with 100 panicles). Experience The ratio of TTK: DHA Panicle length, cm Panicle mass, g The number (pcs.) Of grains in a panicle Pooledness,% Mass of 1000 grains, g one 1-0 14.1 2.25 68 11.3 30.9 2 8: 1 14.3 2.31 69 10.5 31.0 3 Control ^* 13.6 1.75 58 14.5 30.4 ^* In the absence of TTK and DHA preparations

Table 4. The effectiveness of the combined presowing treatment of rice seeds with the composition of TTK and DHA in a mass ratio of 8: 1; seedlings density and rice productivity. Experience The ratio of TTK: DHA The number of seedlings, pcs / m ² The mass of rice grain by replicates, g / m ² Productivity, t / ha The increase to control, t / ha 2 3 four Average one 1-0 205 545 565 550 553 55.3 +8.8 2 8: 1 215 560 570 615 582 58.2 +11.7 3 Control ^* 175 455 460 480 465 46.5 - ^* In the absence of TTK and DHA preparations.

Example 3

The study of the effectiveness of combined presowing treatment of sunflower seeds in

field conditions.

Tests of preparations, plant growth regulators of immunostimulating effect were carried out. The actions of the preparations are studied in the field by treating seeds of sunflower variety P453 (Rodnik) using aqueous solutions at the rate of 10 liters of water per ton of seeds. Seeds are laid in rolls of filter paper moistened with water. During the germination of sunflower seeds, the germination energy is determined on the 3rd day and germination on the 5th day. The data obtained are given in table.5.

Table 5. The influence of growth regulators on the viability of sunflower seedlings. No. Option Germination energy,% Germination,% Length cm Dry weight, g Sprout Root Sprout Root one Control ^* 80 80 6.67 13.73 0.57 0.33 2 TTK 86 86 8.12 15.23 0.61 0.33 3 DHA 87 88 8.16 15.25 0.63 0.33 four TTK + DHA 97 98 8.92 16.74 0.67 0.39 ^* Without treatment by growth regulators.

There was an increase in the germination rate of seeds treated with a synergistic mixture of TTK and DHA (by 18% relative to the control (without treatment)). A less pronounced effect was observed with separate treatment with TTK or DHA (only up to 7%). The synergent also gave a maximum increase in the hypocotel of germs - up to 25%. An increase in the dry mass of seedlings with respect to the control was noted in all variants; the synergent gave the largest increment - almost 18%. Again, the synergist (TTK + DHA, 8: 1), gave the most pronounced increase in the root mass, which is critical for the formation of strong and strong shoots of sunflower, as their viability increases in stressful situations.

The effect of growth regulators on resistance to damage to sunflower plants by fusarium and ashy rot is shown in Table 6.

Table 6. The defeat of sunflower plants by Fusarium and ashy rot in different phases of development. No. Option Spraying in phase Affected plants,% Reduced plant damage to control,% 3-4 sheets budding Beginning of flowering Seed Pouring Yellow basket one Control ^* - - 1,6 1.9 18.8 - 2 TTK + + 1.9 3.2 9.8 47.8 3 TTK + DHA, 8: 1 + + 0 1,2 6.7 62.0 four DHA + + 0 0 4.2 74,2 ^* Without treatment by growth regulators.

As follows from the above data, the combined use of TTK and DHA preparations promotes plant resistance to diseases in the first stages, from seedlings to flowering, that is, drugs have short-term activation of immunity. Thus, the use of the synergistic composition according to the invention allows to increase the yield of high-quality commercial products by increasing the grazing of crops and increasing the mass of grain, increase resistance to diseases, expand the range of natural regulators of growth and development of agricultural crops.

Claims (1)

The use of a composition containing a biologically active amount of triterpenic acids and a biologically active flavonoid - dihydroquercetin, taken in a mass ratio of 4-12: 1, respectively, as a regulator of growth and development of crops.