RU2311508C1 - Through transversal shore-protective structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic and irrigational construction of shore-protective structures in river beds to be eroded, in dam slopes and other structures.

SUBSTANCE: shore-protective structure comprises composite members forming prism. The members are of spacing type and include metal-plastic pipe filled with filling material and connected with each other to create triangles by spacing member connection about transversal reinforcement with the use of clamps to create triangular prism units. Transversal triangular prism cross-section is made as a number of triangular trusses. The truss installation density increases towards shore-protective structure head. Triangular prism extends at an angle to stream direction or is transversal thereto. One face of the prism bears upon river bottom. Prism installation angle depends on river bed width, on probable river bed denting and other physiographic river and river bed members.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and reliability of river bed protection against erosion, improved ecological safety and extended service life of the structure.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and land reclamation construction and can be used as shore protection structures in eroded riverbeds, canals, slopes of dams, designed for various purposes, and other structures.

A device for attaching a slope of an earth structure [1] is known, comprising a synthetic filter coating laid on the slopes, retaining elements and a layer of stone outline. The holding elements are made in the form of crossbars, racks with hinges, ropes, mesh and limiters. The stone sketch is made in the form of gravel. The lower ends of the uprights are pivotally attached to the crossbar, and their upper ends to the rope. A mesh is attached to the rope. One of the ends of the rope is attached to the crossbar, and their other free ends are stretched due to the application of force and rack, and the crossbar are connected by K-stops. Between the coating and the mesh, a layer of stone is laid. A layer of gravel protects the coating from dynamic wave action. In turn, it is reliably protected by a mesh held in place by ropes. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that:

- the mount is in direct contact with the fluid flow and entrained sediments and therefore can undergo rapid attrition and destruction in a short time;

- the design is a rather complicated technical solution, which makes it unreliable in operation and expensive in cost:

- the efficiency of fastening is significantly reduced when there are large fluctuations in the water level, fluctuations in speed and flow rate in the river or canal;

The closest technical solution is a transverse through-shore protection structure containing elements assembled in a triangular prism [2]. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the complexity of the form of elements manufactured in factories;

- the inconvenience of connecting nodes using complex technical solutions for connecting reinforced concrete elements;

- fastening in economic terms is not always an effective technical solution due to the use of industrial reinforced concrete structures.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds from erosion and durability of the life of the shore protection structure.

This goal is achieved by the fact that on the eroded shore, a through transverse (Fig. 1) shore protection structure is installed. In this case, the installation angle depends on the width of the channel, the possible flow dump to the shore and other morphological elements of the stream and channel. The most favorable option is to install them across the direction of the flow of one plane onto the bottom of the river, which creates the most favorable conditions when flowing around. The length of the transverse transverse shore protection structures and the distances between them are determined by the developed methodological recommendations. The transverse transverse shore protection structure (Fig. 2) is assembled mechanically by attaching spacer elements to the reinforcement with connecting elements and clamps that form triangular trusses. So, by sequentially connecting the spacer elements to the reinforcement, the height of the through transverse shore protection structure can be increased to any size. In this case, the cross section of this structure is a triangular truss (figure 3). The frequency of triangular farms, the building coefficient in the coastal protection structure from head to end increases, which ensures the greatest efficiency and uniformity in reducing the flow rate along the coast. The building coefficient, which varies in length, can be determined by the formula

where N is the number of triangular farms in the considered section of the transverse transverse shore protection spur; n is the number of rods in a triangular truss; b is the width of the spacer element; k is the coefficient of uneven distribution of the spacer elements in the structure, which can be taken equal to 0.5; l _i - the length of the plot through the transverse coastal protection spurs.

A decrease in the building coefficient in the spur head reduces the erosion depth, which is determined by the formula

where k _t is a coefficient depending on the type of soil for sand fineness, d _cf = 14 mm, k _t = 50; ν is the average household speed.

As a result of a decrease in the flow velocity, sediment sedimentation to the bottom occurs and lateral water erosion of river banks ceases.

The spacer element consists of a metal-plastic pipe in which the aggregate is located. As a filler, high-strength concrete M 250 ÷ 300 can be used. At the end of the end-to-end transverse shore protection structure, the spacer elements will be joined obliquely to make the structure unchanged.

The flow of water flowing through a through transverse shore protection structure reduces its speed, resulting in a decrease in the transporting ability of the flow and the precipitation of suspended sediment.

Figure 1 shows a river plan with a through transverse shore protection structure; figure 2 is a longitudinal section through a transverse shore protection structure; figure 3 is a triangular cross section of a precast transverse through shore protection structure, section aa in figure 2; figure 4 - spacer element, a perspective view; figure 5 - connecting node spacer element, node In figure 3.

On the washable shore 1, a through transverse shore protection structure 2 is installed, consisting of triangular trusses 3 assembled from spacer elements 4. The spacer element 4 consists of a metal-plastic pipe 5, in which there is a filler 6. The spacer elements 4 are mechanically attached to the reinforcement 7 using clamps 8 and connecting elements 9. At the end of the through transverse shore protection structure 2, the spacer elements 4 will be connected obliquely to make the structure unchanged.

A transverse transverse shore protection structure is constructed and operates as follows. On the eroded shore 1, a through transverse (Fig. 1) shore protection structure 2 is installed. The installation angle depends on the width of the channel, the possible dump of the stream to the shore, and other morphological elements of the stream and channel. The length of the transverse transverse shore protection structures 2 and the distances between them are determined by the developed methodological recommendations. The transverse transverse shore protection structure 2 (FIG. 2) is assembled mechanically by attaching spacers 4 (FIG. 4) to the reinforcement 7 by connecting elements 9 and clamps 8, which form triangular trusses 3 (FIG. 5). The spacer element 4 consists of a metal-plastic pipe 5, in which there is a filler 6. Thus, by sequentially connecting the spacer elements 4 to the reinforcement 7, the height of the through transverse shore protection structure 2 can be increased to any size. In this case, the cross-section of this structure is a triangular truss 3. At the end of the through transverse shore protection structure 2, the spacer elements 4 will be connected obliquely to give the structure unchanged.

The flow of water flowing through the through transverse shore protection structure 2, reduces its speed, resulting in a decrease in the transporting ability of the stream and the loss of suspended sediment along the coast. To increase the efficiency of the through transverse shore protection structure 2, the frequency of installation of triangular trusses 3, or the building coefficient, increases from the end to the head.

Flexibility is a huge advantage of this structure, since it is in the water and it is impossible to avoid deformations of the bottom and base, and this will entail deformation of the structure, which is not dangerous for this type of coastal protection.

The proposed technical solution has several advantages over other previously known, the main of which is the speed of assembly.

The proposed technical solution is cheaper than known, while the durability of these structures is greater than previously known similar technical solutions.

In environmental terms, this is the most favorable solution to the problem of protecting coasts from erosion.

Information sources

1. Autosvid. USSR No. 1441821, MKI E02D 17/20. A device for securing the slope of an earth structure. / Shkundin B.M. and Novozhilov A.P. (THE USSR); Application 03/04/87; publ. 02/28/89, Bull. No. 8 (Analog).

2. USSR Author's Certificate No. 1330242 A1, IPC Е02В 3/12 (Prototype).

Claims (1)

A transverse transverse shore protection structure containing prefabricated elements assembled into a prism, characterized in that the elements are spacer, consist of a metal-plastic pipe in which the filler is located, and assembled into triangles by securing the spacer elements with clamps around the transverse reinforcement with the formation of triangular prism nodes, transverse the cross section of which is a set of triangular farms, the frequency of installation of which to the head of the shore protection structure increases, while the triangular prism and installed at an angle or across to the direction of flow of one plane to the bottom of the river.

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