RU2283397C1 - Shore protective structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic and reclamation structures, particularly to protect river, channel and dam slopes against erosion.

SUBSTANCE: shore protective structure comprises composite members and consists of two flexible through prismatic girders connected with each other in head parts and provided with piers built in shores so that girders are triangular in plan view. Flexible through prismatic girders include flat girder members composed of spacing members. Each spacing member is made of concrete and contains two wires. Wire ends are twisted around transversal reinforcement bars to create joints. To increase structure height spacing members are serially connected to reinforcement bars. Internal space between two through prismatic girders is filled with stone, construction waste or bush, which is easily silted.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and reliability of shore protection against erosion, extended service life.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and land reclamation construction and can be used as shore protection structures in eroded riverbeds, canals, slopes of dams, designed for various purposes, and other structures.

A device for attaching a slope of an earth structure [1] is known, comprising a synthetic filter coating laid on the slopes, retaining elements and a layer of stone outline. The holding elements are made in the form of crossbars, racks with hinges, ropes, mesh and limiters. The stone sketch is made in the form of gravel. The lower ends of the uprights are pivotally attached to the crossbar, and their upper ends to the rope. A mesh is attached to the rope. One of the ends of the rope is attached to the crossbar, and their other free ends are tensioned due to the application of force, and the racks and crossbars are connected by K-stops. Between the coating and the mesh, a layer of stone is laid. A layer of gravel protects the coating from dynamic wave action. In turn, it is reliably protected by a mesh held in place by ropes. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that:

- the mount is in direct contact with the fluid flow and entrained sediments and therefore can undergo rapid attrition and destruction in a short time;

- the design is a rather complicated technical solution, which makes it not reliable in operation and expensive in cost;

- the efficiency of fastening is significantly reduced when there are large fluctuations in the water level, fluctuations in speed and flow rate in the river or canal;

- this technical solution is not effective for use in cases where the local building material is trees or shrubs.

The closest technical solution is a shore protection structure [2]. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the complexity of the form of elements manufactured in factories;

- the inconvenience of connecting nodes using complex technical solutions for connecting reinforced concrete elements;

- fastening in economic terms is not always an effective technical solution.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds from erosion and durability of the life of the shore protection structure.

This goal is achieved by the fact that on the eroded shore, a shore protection structure is installed (Fig. 1), the length of which depends on the width of the channel, the possible dump of the stream to the shore and other morphological elements of the stream and channel. The most favorable option is to install them transverse to the direction of flow, which creates the most favorable conditions when flowing around. Distances between shore protection structures are determined by the developed methodological recommendations.

The shore protection structure consists of two flexible through prismatic farms, which are connected in the head between themselves, and the foundations are embedded in the shores.

Flexible through prismatic farms (figure 2) are assembled mechanically, by twisting the wire ends, spacers, around the reinforcement, which form the nodes of the triangular prism. So sequentially connecting the spacer elements to the reinforcement, the height of the shore protection structure can be increased to any size. In this case, the cross section of the flexible through prismatic farm is a farm and has a triangular shape.

The spacer element consists of concrete in which the wires are located. A wire rod with a diameter of 5–6 mm can be used as a wire. As a reinforcement, steel A 111 is 12 ÷ 16 mm in diameter. High-strength concrete M 250-300 can be used as aggregate. The wire ends of the spacer elements (figure 5) to strengthen the mechanical fastening to the reinforcement are connected with special devices. The internal space between the two farms of the transverse shore protection structure is filled in whole or in part with aggregate. As a filler, you can use stone or construction waste (figure 3, 4). The inner space can also be filled with shrubs, as a result of which the siltation process will intensify.

The flow of water flowing around the shore protection structure reduces its speed near the coastline, resulting in a decrease in the transporting ability of the stream and the precipitation of suspended sediment.

The proposed technical solution is most effective for use in flows with a small amount of sediment.

Figure 1 shows a plan of a river with a shore protection structure; figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a shore protection structure; figure 3 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 4 is a triangular cross section of a flexible through triangular prismatic farm; figure 5 - spacer element, a perspective view.

On the washable shore 1, a shore protection structure 2 is installed, consisting of flexible through triangular prismatic trusses 3 assembled from spacer elements 4. The spacer element 4 consists of concrete 5, in which there are wires 6. The wire ends 7 of the spacer elements 4 are mechanically attached to the reinforcement 8. The internal space of the transverse shore protection structure 2 is filled with stone 9 or shrub 10. The space between flexible through triangular prismatic farms is planted with vegetation 11.

Coast protection structure is constructed and operates as follows.

On eroded shore 1 is installed (figure 1) shore protection structure 2. Moreover, shore protection structure 2 has a triangular shape in plan. The length of flexible through prismatic trusses 3 and the distance between them are determined by the developed methodological recommendations. Flexible through prismatic trusses 3 (figure 2) are assembled mechanically by twisting the wire ends 7 of the spacer elements 4 around the reinforcement 8, which form the nodes. The spacer element 4 consists of concrete 5, in which there are two wires 6 (figure 5). The wire ends 7 of the spacer elements 4 to strengthen the mechanical fastening to the reinforcement 8 are connected with special devices. So sequentially, connecting the spacer elements 4 to the reinforcement 8, the height of the shore protection structure 2 is increased to the desired size. In this case, the cross section of the flexible through prismatic farm 3 is the same farm and has a triangular shape (figure 4). The inner space of the shore protection structure 2 is filled in whole or in part with stone 9 and planted with vegetation 11 (Fig. 3).

The interior of the shore protection structure 2 can be filled with shrub 10 and undergo strong siltation during operation.

Flexibility is a huge advantage of this structure, since it is located in the water and it is impossible to avoid deformations of the bottom and base, and this will entail deformations of the structure, which is not dangerous for this type of coastal protection.

The proposed technical solution has several advantages over other previously known. In the proposed technical solution, you can use local building material, which is the cheapest and most affordable.

The proposed technical solution is cheaper than the known ones due to the use of local building material. Moreover, the durability of these structures is greater than previously known similar technical solutions.

In environmental terms, this is the most favorable solution to the problem of protecting coasts from erosion.

Information sources

1. A.c. USSR No. 1441821, MKI E 02 D 17/20. A device for fastening the slope of an earth structure / Shkundin B.M. and Novozhilov A.P. (THE USSR); application 03/04/87; publ. 02/28/89. Bull. No. 8 (analog).

2. A.S. USSR No. 1330242 A1, MKI E 02 B 3/12. Shore protection construction / Shkundin B.M. and Novozhilov A.P. (THE USSR); publ. 08/15/87 (prototype).

Claims (3)

1. Coastal protection structure containing prefabricated elements, characterized in that it consists of two flexible through prismatic trusses connected to each other in the head and abutments embedded in the coast with the formation of a triangular shape in plan, while the flexible through prismatic trusses consist of flat trusses, mechanically assembled from spacer elements, consisting of concrete, in which two wires are located, by twisting the wire ends of the spacer elements around the transverse reinforcement with the formation of nodes. 2. The shore protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal space between two through prismatic farms is filled with stone or construction waste. 3. Shore protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal space between two through prismatic farms is filled with shrubs that quickly wilts.

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