RU2285083C2 - Transversal bank-protection structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic and reclamation construction, particularly bank consolidation structures to protect river banks, dam slopes and other structures.

SUBSTANCE: bank-protection structure comprises spacing members united in triangular assemblies. The spacing members are formed of concrete in which two wires are embedded. The spacing members are mechanically united in triangle assemblies and spaced apart by twisting spacing member wire ends around transversal reinforcement bars to create structure nods. Structure defines stable triangular truss. The structure is filled with filler and is installed at an angle to flow direction or is transversal thereto so that the structure abuts upon river bed by one structure face. Structure interior may be partly filled with filler, for instance with stone.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and reliability of river bank protection against erosion and extended service life of the structure.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and land reclamation construction and can be used as shore protection structures in eroded riverbeds, canals, slopes of dams, designed for various purposes, and other structures.

A device for attaching a slope of an earth structure [1] is known, comprising a synthetic filter coating laid on the slopes, retaining elements and a layer of stone outline. The holding elements are made in the form of crossbars, racks with hinges, ropes, mesh and limiters. The stone sketch is made in the form of gravel. The lower ends of the uprights are pivotally attached to the crossbar, and their upper ends to the rope. A mesh is attached to the rope. One of the ends of the rope is attached to the crossbar, and their other free ends are tensioned due to the application of force, and the racks and the crossbar are connected by K-stops. Between the coating and the mesh, a layer of stone is laid. A layer of gravel protects the coating from dynamic wave action. In turn, it is reliably protected by a mesh held in place by ropes. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that:

- the mount is in direct contact with the fluid flow and entrained sediments and therefore can undergo rapid attrition and destruction in a short time;

- the design is a rather complicated technical solution, which makes it unreliable in operation and expensive in cost;

- the efficiency of fastening is significantly reduced when there are large fluctuations in the water level, fluctuations in speed and flow rate in the river or canal;

- this technical solution is not effective for use in cases where the local building material is trees or shrubs.

The closest technical solution is a transverse through-shore protection structure containing elements assembled in a triangular prism [2]. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the complexity of the form of elements manufactured in factories;

- the inconvenience of connecting nodes using complex technical solutions for connecting reinforced concrete elements;

- fastening in economic terms is not always an effective technical solution due to the use of industrial reinforced concrete structures.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds from erosion and durability of the life of the shore protection structure.

This goal is achieved by the fact that on the eroded shore is installed transverse through (1) shore protection structure. In this case, the installation angle depends on the width of the channel, the possible dump of the stream to the shore, and other morphological elements of the stream and channel. The most favorable option is to install them in the direction of flow, which creates the most favorable conditions when flowing around. The length of the transverse shore protection structures and the distances between them are determined by the developed methodological recommendations. A transverse shore protection structure (Fig. 2) is assembled mechanically, by twisting the wire ends, spacer elements, around the reinforcement, which form the nodes of the triangular prism. So sequentially connecting the spacer elements to the reinforcement, the height of the prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure can be increased to any size. Moreover, the cross section of this structure, which is a farm, has a triangular shape.

The spacer element consists of concrete in which the wires are located. A wire rod with a diameter of 5-6 mm can be used as wire. As reinforcement, steel A 111 with a diameter of 12-16 mm. High-strength concrete M 250-300 can be used as aggregate. The wire ends of the spacer elements (figure 5) to strengthen the mechanical fastening to the reinforcement are connected with special devices. The internal space of the transverse shore protection structure is filled in whole or in part with a filler. As a filler, you can use stone or construction waste (figure 3, 4).

The flow of water flowing around the transverse shore protection structure reduces its speed near the coastline, resulting in a decrease in the transporting ability of the stream and the precipitation of suspended sediment.

The proposed technical solution is most effective for use in flows with a small amount of sediment.

Figure 1 shows a plan of a river with a transverse shore protection structure; figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a transverse shore protection structure; figure 3 is a triangular cross section of a transverse shore protection structure with a full stone filling of the internal space, section AA, in figure 2; figure 4 is a triangular cross section of a transverse shore protection structure with a partial stone filling of the internal space, section AA, in figure 2; figure 5 - spacer element, a perspective view.

On the washable shore 1, a transverse shore protection structure 2 is installed, consisting of spacer elements 3 with gaps 4. The spacer element 3 consists of concrete 5, in which there are wires 6. The wire ends 7 of the spacer elements 3 are mechanically attached to the reinforcement 8. The inner space of the transverse shore protection structure 2 is filled with stone 9.

Cross shore protection structure is constructed and operates as follows. On the eroded shore 1, a transverse shore protection structure 2 is installed (Fig. 1). In this case, the installation angle depends on the width of the channel, the possible discharge of the stream to the shore and other morphological elements of the stream and channel. The length of the transverse shore protection structures and the distances between them are determined by the developed methodological recommendations. The transverse shore protection structure 2 (FIG. 2) is assembled mechanically by twisting the wire ends 7 of the spacer elements 3 around the reinforcement 8, which form the nodes. The spacer element 3 consists of concrete 5, in which there are two wires 6. The wire ends 7 of the spacer elements 3 are connected by special devices to strengthen the mechanical fastening to the reinforcement 8. So, sequentially connecting the spacer elements 3 to the reinforcement 8, the height of the transverse shore protection structure 2 is increased to the desired size. Moreover, the cross section of this structure is a farm and has a triangular shape. The inner space of the transverse shore protection structure 2 is filled in whole or in part with stone 9 (Figs. 3, 4).

The distance between the spacer elements 3 depends on the size of the aggregate.

Flexibility is a huge advantage of this structure, since it is in the water and it is impossible to avoid deformations of the bottom and base, and this will entail deformation of the structure, which is not dangerous for this type of coastal protection.

The proposed technical solution has several advantages over other previously known. In the proposed technical solution, you can use local building material, which is the cheapest and most affordable.

The proposed technical solution is cheaper than the known ones due to the use of local building material. Moreover, the durability of these structures is greater than previously known similar technical solutions.

In environmental terms, this is the most favorable solution to the problem of protecting coasts from erosion.

Information sources:

1. A.c. 1461821 USSR, MKI E 02 D 17/20 Device for securing the slope of an earth structure / Shkundin B.M. and Novozhilov A.P. (THE USSR); application 03/04/87; publ. 02/28/89, Bull. No. 8 (analog).

2. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 1330242 A1, IPC E 02 B 3/12 (prototype).

Claims (4)

1. A cross-shore protection structure containing prefabricated elements, characterized in that the cross-section of the shore protection structure is an unchanged triangular truss consisting of spacer elements assembled in triangles, the spacer elements consisting of concrete in which two wires are located and assembled in triangles mechanically with the formation of a gap between them by twisting the wire ends of the spacer elements around the transverse reinforcement with the formation of nodes, while shore protection ue filler filled and set at an angle or transversely to the direction of flow of a single plane at the bottom of the river. 2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that its internal space is completely filled with aggregate. 3. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that its internal space is partially filled with aggregate. 4. The construction according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, characterized in that the stone is used as a filler.

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