RU2279506C1 - Composite transversal bank-protection structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic and irrigation building, particularly bank protective structures used to consolidate beds of rivers and channels, dam slopes and other structures.

SUBSTANCE: transversal through bank-protection device comprises composite stay members forming prism. Each composite stay member includes protective coating, filling material and wire placed in the coating. The composite stay members are assembled to define triangles by twisting together wire ends of stay member about transversal reinforcement so that triangular or trapezoid prism joints are created. Triangular or trapezoid prism has cross-section forming triangular or trapezoid truss. Prism is installed at an angle to flow direction and abuts river bed by one prism face. Prism interior may be filled with bushes.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and reliability of bank protection against erosion, increased service life.

2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and land reclamation construction and can be used as shore protection structures in eroded riverbeds, canals, slopes of dams, designed for various purposes, and other structures.

A device for attaching a slope of an earth structure [1] is known, comprising a synthetic filter coating laid on the slopes, retaining elements and a layer of stone outline. The holding elements are made in the form of crossbars, racks with hinges, ropes, mesh and limiters. The stone sketch is made in the form of gravel. The lower ends of the uprights are pivotally attached to the crossbar, and their upper ends to the rope. A mesh is attached to the rope. One of the ends of the rope is attached to the crossbar, and their other free ends are tensioned due to the application of force, and the posts and the crossbar are connected by K-stops. Between the coating and the mesh, a layer of stone is laid. A layer of gravel protects the coating from dynamic wave action. In turn, it is reliably protected by a mesh held in place by ropes. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that:

- the mount is in direct contact with the fluid flow and entrained sediments and therefore can undergo rapid attrition and destruction in a short time;

- the design is a rather complicated technical solution, which makes it unreliable in operation and expensive in cost;

- the efficiency of fastening is significantly reduced when there are large fluctuations in the water level, fluctuations in speed and flow rate in the river or canal;

- this technical solution is ineffective for use in cases where the local building material is trees or shrubs.

The closest technical solution is a transverse through-shore protection structure containing elements assembled in a triangular prism [2].

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the complexity of the form of elements manufactured in factories;

- the inconvenience of connecting nodes using complex technical solutions for connecting reinforced concrete elements;

- fastening in economic terms is not always an effective technical solution due to the use of industrial reinforced concrete structures.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protecting the banks of riverbeds from erosion and durability of the life of the shore protection structure.

This goal is achieved by the fact that on the eroded shore a prefabricated transverse through-through (Fig. 1) shore protection structure is installed. In this case, the installation angle depends on the width of the channel, the possible dump of the stream to the shore, and other morphological elements of the stream and channel. The most favorable option is to install them across the direction of the flow of one plane onto the bottom of the river, which creates the most favorable conditions when flowing around. The length of the transverse through-shore protection structures and the distance between them are determined by the developed methodological recommendations. Prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure (figure 2) is assembled mechanically by twisting the wire ends, spacer elements around the reinforcement, which form the nodes of the triangular prism. So, by sequentially connecting the spacer elements to the reinforcement, the height of the prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure can be increased to any size. Moreover, the cross section of this structure, which is a farm, can be either triangular or trapezoidal.

The spacer element consists of a protective coating in which the wire and filler are located. A wire rod with a diameter of 5-6 mm can be used as a wire. As reinforcement, steel A 111 with a diameter of 12-16 mm. High-strength concrete M 250-300 can be used as aggregate. The wire ends of the spacer elements (Figs. 7, 8) are connected with special devices to strengthen the mechanical fastening to the reinforcement. At the end of the transverse end-to-end shore protection structure and the head, the spacer elements will be joined obliquely to make the structure unchanged. The inner space of the precast transverse through-shore protection structure can be filled with shrubbery (Fig.6).

The flow of water flowing through a transverse through-shore protection structure reduces its speed, resulting in a decrease in the transporting ability of the stream and the precipitation of suspended sediment.

When protecting coasts in easily eroded soils, the cross-sectional dimensions to the end (Fig. 3) must be increased, which will prevent deformations caused by the washing out of a prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure. Moreover, the depth of penetration of the end part depends on the erosion depth and should exceed it in magnitude.

In cases where the bottom is made up of difficult to erode soil, and the coast is a danger, then the cross-sectional dimensions to the head (Fig. 4) must be increased to prevent deformation of the coastal part of the structure. This mounting option can be recommended in the absence of a continuous transverse mounting of the dam or the protected shore.

Figure 1 shows a plan of a river with a prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure; figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure; figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure with increasing cross-sectional dimensions to the end; figure 4 is a longitudinal section of a prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure with increasing cross-sectional dimensions in the head; in Fig.5 is a triangular cross section of a precast transverse through shore protection structure, section AA, in Fig.2; in Fig.6 is a trapezoidal cross-section of a precast transverse through-shore protection structure with filling the inner space with a shrub, section AA, in Fig.2; Fig.7 is a spacer element, a perspective view; on Fig is a cross section of a spacer element.

On the washable shore 1, a prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure 2 is installed, consisting of spacer elements 3. The spacer element 3 consists of a protective coating 4, in which there is a wire 5 and a filler 6. The wire ends 7 of the spacer elements are mechanically attached to the reinforcement 8. At the end 9 the transverse through shore protection structure 2 and the head 10, the spacer elements 3 will be connected obliquely to give the structure unchanged. The inner space of the transverse through-shore protection structure 2 may be filled with shrub 11.

Prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure is constructed and operates as follows. On the washed away shore 1, a prefabricated transverse through-through (Fig. 1) shore protection structure 2 is installed. Moreover, the installation angle depends on the width of the channel, the possible discharge of the stream to the shore, and other morphological elements of the stream and channel. The length of the transverse through-shore protection structures and the distance between them are determined by the developed methodological recommendations. The transverse through-shore protection structure 2 (Fig. 2) is assembled mechanically by twisting the wire ends 7, spacer elements 3 around the reinforcement 8, which form the nodes.

The spacer element 3 consists of a protective coating 4, in which there is a wire 5 and a filler 6. The wire ends 7 of the spacer elements 3 (Figs. 7, 8) are connected with special devices to strengthen the mechanical fastening to the reinforcement 8. So, by sequentially connecting the spacer elements 3 to the reinforcement 8, the height of the prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure 2 can be increased to any size. Moreover, the cross section of this structure, which is a farm, can be either triangular or trapezoidal. At the end 9 of the transverse through-shore protection structure 2 and the head 10, the spacer elements 3 will be connected obliquely to make the structure unchanged. The inner space of the transverse through shore protection structure 2 can be filled with shrub 11 (Fig.6).

The flow of water flowing through the transverse through-shore protection structure 2, reduces its speed, resulting in a decrease in the transporting ability of the stream and the precipitation of suspended sediment.

When protecting coasts in easily eroded soils, the cross-sectional dimensions should be increased towards the end 9 (Fig. 3), which will prevent deformations caused by the washing out of the transverse through-shore protection structure 2.

In cases where the bottom is made up of hard eroded soil, and the coast poses a danger, then the cross-sectional dimensions to the head 10 (Fig. 4) must be increased to prevent deformation of the coastal part of the structure.

Flexibility is a huge advantage of this structure, since it is in the water and it is impossible to avoid deformations of the bottom and base, and this will entail deformation of the structure, which is not dangerous for this type of coastal protection.

The proposed technical solution has several advantages over other previously known. In the proposed technical solution, you can use local building material, which is the cheapest and most affordable.

The proposed technical solution is cheaper than the known ones due to the use of local building material. Moreover, the durability of these structures is greater than previously known similar technical solutions.

In environmental terms, this is the most favorable solution to the problem of protecting coasts from erosion.

Information sources

1. A.c. 1461821 USSR, MKI E 02 D 17/20. A device for fastening the slope of an earth structure / Shkundin B.M. and Novozhilov A.P. (THE USSR); Application 03/04/87; publ. 02/28/89, Bull. No. 8 (analog).

2. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 1330242 A1, IPC E 02 B 3/12 (prototype).

Claims (2)

1. A prefabricated transverse through-shore protection structure comprising prefabricated elements assembled in a prism, characterized in that the elements are spacer, consist of a protective coating in which the wire and filler are located, and are assembled into triangles by twisting the wire ends of the spacer elements around the transverse reinforcement with the formation of nodes of a triangular or trapezoidal prism, the cross section of which is a triangular or trapezoidal truss, while a triangular or trapezoidal prism set at an angle or transversely to the direction of flow of a single plane at the bottom of the river. 2. The construction under item 1, characterized in that the inner space of a triangular or trapezoidal prism is filled with shrubs.

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