RU2321701C2 - Weir construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic building, particularly course control and shore-protection structures to be erected in river beds.

SUBSTANCE: method involves creating concrete anchors along upper and lower weir boundaries; creating grid-like reinforcing frame having dimensions corresponding to that of weirs and connecting thereof to anchors; producing gabions inside reinforcing frame; tensioning gabion net inside grid-like reinforcing frame; mounting gabions in several layers; tightly filling thereof with stone inside frame. Reinforcing frame is shaped as prism. Additional grid-like trapeze-shaped reinforcing frame may be arranged from weir ridge top so that it has height decreasing in direction from upper weir boundary to lower one.

EFFECT: increased reliability and efficiency of river bed and river bank protection.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as a river control and bank protection structures in eroded river channels.

Known stone-retaining dams of gabion masonry [1, p.270]. The named dams make it possible to retain large fractions of bottom sediments in the upper pool, while small fractions and all suspended sediments pass through the structure. However, after filling the upper pool, all large sediments pass through the crest of the dam. Moreover, under the hydrodynamic effects of high-speed flood flows (> 4-5 m / s), the gabion net breaks (is interrupted by stones), and this, in turn, leads to the destruction of the entire structure. And in the event of mudflow flow, the gabion net breaks even more and the structure collapses.

The closest technical solution is the dam [2, RU 200127947 A, class. ЕВВ 3/10, 10.11.2003], consisting of a reinforcing lattice frame attached to anchors, and gabions located inside the frame.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that when the hydrodynamic loads of high-speed flood and mudflows, the gabion net on the crest of the dam breaks, and this can lead to the destruction of the entire structure.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of protection of channels and river banks.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of erecting a dam, comprising performing in the river channel along the line of the upper and lower faces of the dam of concrete anchors, manufacturing the dam size of the reinforcing lattice frame and attaching it to the anchors, subsequent manufacturing of gabions inside the reinforcing lattice frame; the gabion mesh is stretched inside the reinforcing lattice frame, and the gabions are mounted in layers with a dense filling with stone there, inside the frame, while the reinforcing lattice frame has a prismatic shape. An additional reinforcing cage of a trellised and trapezoidal shape with a decreasing height from the top face to the bottom is arranged on top of the dam ridge.

In figure 1. shows the cross section of the dam along the axis of the channel; figure 2 is a plan of the plot of the dam; figure 3 is a longitudinal section along the upper edge of the dam; figure 4 - reinforcing lattice frame in a perspective view.

The dam consists of a reinforcing trellised framework 1 of a prismatic shape attached to concrete anchors 2 arranged at the base of the channel 3; gabions 4 mounted inside the frame 1. On top of the ridge of the dam is arranged an additional reinforcing frame 5 of a trellised trapezoidal shape. The bottom of channel 3 in front of the dam from the upper pool and behind the dam in the lower pool is reinforced with stone sketches, respectively 6 and 7. At the places where the dams adjoin, the coastal slopes are reinforced with gabion mattresses 8.

The method of construction of a dam from reinforced gabions is carried out and works as follows.

Initially, a trench for dams is being developed. Along the line of the upper and lower faces at the base of the channel 3, pits are developed and concrete anchors 2 with reinforcing fasteners are poured. According to the dimensions of the dam, reinforcing lattices are made and, after the concrete strength is set, lattices are attached to the anchors 2 and reinforcing cage 1 is mounted from them. Next, a gabion mesh is stretched along the base and sides of the cage with its fastening to the reinforcing cage rods 1. Then inside the reinforcing cage gabions 4 are mounted in layers with a dense filling with a stone to the top of the frame 1. On top of the gabion-filled frame 1 with attachment to it, an additional reinforcing lattice frame 5. The frame 5 it is filled with a trapezoidal shape with a decreasing height from the top to the bottom, from about 30 to 5 cm. Gabion mattresses are mounted on the sides of the adjoining dams on the coastal slopes 8. And at the end, in front of the gabion and reinforced dam, a stone draft 6 is arranged so so that the largest fractions of stones and boulders lie on top. Similarly, a stone draft 7 is arranged in the lower pool behind the dam.

The dam must be firmly embedded in the coastal slopes of the river or shore protection structures.

During the passage of flood or mudflow outflows, gabions 4 and reinforcing frames 1 and 5 absorb the greatest hydrodynamic loads. At the same time, gabions 4 receive small displacements, anchors 2 and lattices of frames 1 and 5 are stretched, and partial excess energy is extinguished. In the reinforcing trellised frame 5, located on top of the crest of the dam, stones, brushwood, grass, shrubs and other floating bodies get stuck. As a result, a protective layer forms for the gabion metal mesh 4. A layer of stone and fin formed on top of the gabions 4 in the trellis frame 5 prevents the possible destruction of the gabion mesh under the abrasive and impact effects of solid particles (sediment) flows. Stone sketches 6 and 7 in the lower part and at the bottom of the lower pool prevent the formation of dangerous erosion pits near the dam. To do this, the upper part of the outline must be laid with indelible boulders. And the depth of the anchors 2 should be below the possible maximum depth of erosion of the channel.

The sizes of reinforcing cages 1 and 5, gabions 4 and the number of anchors 2 are determined from the condition of ensuring the stability and strength of the structure against the shear dynamic forces of flood and mudflows.

The dams of the proposed design provide stabilization of the bed of the channel and reliable protection from undermining of coastal structures and other objects. To this end, the dams are located at a certain distance from each other.

Dam from the gabion masonry with reinforced reinforcing gratings, anchored into the base, ensure the stability and durability of the structures under any possible hydrodynamic effects of flood or mudflows. The reinforcing lattice frame 5, provided on top of the gabions 4, allows you to extend the life of the dam and reduce material costs for its operation.

It is recommended to use dams built according to the proposed method in mountain and foothill flood hazardous and mudflow hazardous river sections in the coastal zones of which settlements, industrial and agricultural facilities are located.

Information sources

1. Altunin S.T. Regulation of channels. M .: Selkhozizdat, 1962, p.126-136, 267-270.

Claims (2)

1. A method of erecting a dam, including performing in the river channel along the line of the upper and lower faces of the dam of concrete anchors, manufacturing the dam size of the reinforcing lattice frame and attaching it to the anchors, subsequent manufacturing of gabions inside the reinforcing lattice frame, characterized in that the gabion mesh is stretched inside reinforcing lattice frame, and gabions are mounted in layers with a dense filling with stone there, inside the frame, while the reinforcing lattice frame has a prismatic shape. 2. The method of erecting a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional reinforcing cage of a trellised and trapezoidal shape with a decreasing height from the top to the bottom is arranged on top of the dam ridge.

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