RU2311190C1 - Therapeutical and prophylactic drug for young agricultural animals and a method to prevent and treatment of viral respiratory diseases in calves using it - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary.

SUBSTANCE: drug contains ethanolic extract of vegetable raw material, namely mixture of equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of Echinacea purpurea, coltsfoot, creeping thyme grass, and licorice roots. This drug is orally administered to calves after injection of hyperimmune serum containing antibodies specific to viruses of parainfluenza-3 and infectional rhinotracheitis in titers not below 1:280 and 1:256, respectively. Drug is administered in the form of 7-8% aqueous solution, in preventive purpose in dose 1.5-2.0 ml per 1 kg animal weight over a 15-day period with intervals 12-24 h and, in therapeutical purpose, in dose 3.0-4.0 ml per 1 kg animal weight with intervals 12 h until clinical recovery.

EFFECT: enhanced defense reactions of organism in healthy calves and reduced treatment time and appearance of recurrences in unhealthy calves.

2 cl, 4 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, relates to a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for young plant-based farm animals and can be used for the prevention and treatment of viral respiratory diseases of calves.

Given that respiratory infections of calves are a group of heterogeneous pathologies that differ in an extremely many reasons, the main of which are infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria, mycoplasmas, chlamydia and fungi, a number of synthetic and bacterial preparations have been proposed for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases and plant origin, differing in structure and mechanisms of action / 1 /, and because of their wide distribution (according to many researchers, the incidence of calves in the weaning period with respiratory infections reaches 90% or more, their death in conjunction with forced slaughter - 40-55%) the search for adequate therapeutic and prophylactic agents remains relevant.

Low-toxic and therapeutically effective agents for respiratory diseases of young farm animals are represented by herbal remedies that are well tolerated by patients and are affordable and cheap.

Known methods for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases using medicinal plants containing substances with a direct effect on the mucosa of the respiratory tract, for example, leaves of coltsfoot, plantain, anise, dill, caraway seeds, thermopsis grass, oregano, chrysanthemum, etc. / 1 /, in the form of infusions and decoctions, and fees, including, for example, dioica nettle, big burdock, pharmacy chamomile, common oregano, perforated St. John’s wort, common wormwood, large plantain, coltsfoot, sowing oats / 2 /, Ivan Chai, milis tnik, plantain, coltsfoot, burdock root, mountaineer, lobaznik, dandelion, stinging nettle, pharmacy chamomile / 3 /, coltsfoot leaf, large plantain leaf, marsh rosemary shoots, pharmacy chamomile flowers, licorice root , birch leaf, rhizome with roots of a leuzea or grass of a Tatar tar / 4 /, rosemary marsh (grass), mountaineer bird (grass), elecampane high (root), narrow-leaved fireweed (leaves), small-leaved linden (flowers), mother-and- common stepmother (leaves), medunica officinalis (grass), bare licorice (root), common pine nu (buds), thyme ordinary (grass), a three-part series (grass), large celandine (grass), marshmallow medicinal (roots), birch (buds), black elderberry (flowers), medicinal valerian (rhizome), medicinal calendula (flowers) ), white mistletoe (leaf), swampy creature (grass), tricolor violet (flowers) / 5 /, etc.

Closest to the claimed is a therapeutic and prophylactic agent, which is an aqueous extract from the herbs of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L), creeping thyme (Thymus serpyllum), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), taken in equal amounts / 6 /.

In order to expand the arsenal of therapeutic and prophylactic agents for young farm animals used for respiratory diseases, it is proposed to use an extract from grass and inflorescences of Echinazea purpurea, coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), creeping thyme grass (Thymus serpyllum) and licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra), taken in equal quantities.

Echinacea purpurea (Echinazea purpurea) is a perennial herb with a short rhizome, the fruit is a grayish-brown achene. It is bred in the southern and middle bands of the European part of Russia. They collect flower baskets in July-August, rhizomes with roots in late autumn. Chemical composition: essential oil (in flower baskets 0.13-0.48%), which includes non-cyclic sequiterpene, glycoside, betaine, resin, organic acids (palmitic, linoleic, cerotinic), phytosterols (in the roots). In folk and scientific medicine, Echinacea purpurea is used in the complex treatment of recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, tuberculosis, leukemia, pregnancy, lactation, childhood, chronic liver disease.

Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) is ubiquitous. Leaves are harvested in the first half of summer. Chemical composition: mucus, during hydrolysis of which glucose, galactose, uronic acids, bitter glycosides, essential oil, saponins, phytosterol, carotenoids, malic and tartaric acids, etc. are formed. In folk and scientific medicine, coltsfoot is used as an expectorant, emollient , anti-inflammatory, disinfectant and diaphoretic.

Creeping thyme (Thymus serpyllum) naturally grows in the forest zone. Aerial parts of plants are collected during the flowering period. Chemical composition: essential oil, tannins, bitterness, flavonoids, ursolic and oleanolic acids. In folk and scientific medicine, creeping thyme is used as an expectorant, antiseptic, anticonvulsant and analgesic.

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is a perennial root shoot of a herbaceous plant. It grows wild in the south of Western Europe, in the Mediterranean, Western Asia, Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, China, in Russia - in the south of the European part and in Western Siberia. Collect rhizomes with roots in spring or summer. Chemical composition: triterpene saponin glycyrrhizin - calcium and potassium salts of glycyrrhizonic acid (23%), flavanoids, derivatives of flavanone and chalcone, polysaccharides (starch, pectic substances), ascorbic acid. Licorice root preparations are used as an expectorant and laxative (powder, dry and thick extracts, syrup, breast elixir), as an anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and antisecretory agent for peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, bronchial asthma, and allergic asthma.

The extract from the herb and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, creeping thyme and licorice roots is prepared in a pharmacopoeial way in a ratio of raw material to extractor 1:10. Ethanol with a concentration of 70% is used as an extractant. Medicinal raw materials are crushed to particles with a size of 1-3 mm, mixed in equal amounts, a weighed portion of the raw material is placed in a glass vessel, the calculated amount of ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 70% is added, it is kept for 7 days in a dark place at a temperature of 15-20 ° C. Then the alcohol tincture is filtered through a canvas or two layers of gauze, squeezing the raw materials, filtered.

Example: 500 g of medicinal raw material were placed in a glass jar (equal amounts from grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, creeping thyme and licorice roots), 5.0 L of ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 70% were added, put in a dark place and kept at a temperature of 15-20 ° C for 7 days, after which it was filtered through the canvas, squeezing the raw materials.

For the prevention and treatment of viral respiratory diseases of calves on the background of an injection of hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to parainfluenza-3 viruses (PG-3) and infectious rhinotracheitis (RTI) in titres no lower than 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, therapeutic and prophylactic the product in accordance with the invention in the form of a solution of 7-8% concentration, which is prepared on chilled boiled water and prescribed for oral use for prophylactic purposes for 15 days with an interval of 12-24 hours at a dose of 1.5-2.0 ml / kg animal weight, with medical th order - at a dose of 3.0-4.0 ml / kg of animal with an interval of 12 hours prior to the clinical recovery.

The therapeutic and prophylactic effect of the extract from the herb and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, creeping thyme and licorice roots, taken in equal amounts, was determined under conditions of a farm that had long been unsuccessful for viral respiratory diseases of calves with confirmed circulation of HSV-3 (87 , 5%) and VIRT (77.5%) with an incidence of calves of up to 47%, on clinically healthy calves 20-45 days old compared with the aqueous extract from the herbs of St. John's wort, creeping thyme, peppermint and coltsfoot taken in equal numbers SHALL. The therapeutic and prophylactic agent in accordance with the invention in the form of a solution of 7% concentration, which was prepared on chilled boiled water, was used orally 2 times a day for 15 days at a dose of 2.0 ml / kg body weight. Clinical observations were carried out for 60 days. The condition of the calves was evaluated by clinical indicators and increase in live weight. It was found that the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic agent provided an increase in efficiency of 10% and a gain in body weight of 8.9%.

The essence of the method is illustrated by examples.

The effectiveness of the method for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases of calves using the therapeutic and prophylactic agent in accordance with the invention on the background of an injection of hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to PG-3 and IRT viruses in titres no lower than 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, was determined scientifically -production experiments in conditions of farms, long-term unsuccessful for respiratory diseases, due to the impact on the body of the associations of viruses, pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora against the background of violation of the conditions s and feeding pregnant cows and calves. Virological studies have confirmed the etiological role of PG-3 and RTI. Incidence - up to 50%, mortality - 15-19%. Clinically, the disease was characterized by an increase in body temperature to 41.3 ° C, serous-mucous discharge from the nasal openings, depression of the general condition, conjunctivitis, cough, rapid breathing. Red blood cells, signs of enphysema, hyperemia of the mucous membrane, mucopurulent exudate in the trachea and bronchi, signs of hemorrhagic catarrhal gastroenteritis were found in the forcedly killed calves during the acute course of the lungs. The pharyngeal and bronchial nodes are enlarged.

Example 1. Prophylactic efficacy depending on the dose of a therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention was determined on clinically healthy calves of 30-45 days old, divided into 5 groups: 4 groups — experimental, 1 group — control. The calves of all groups were subcutaneously injected with hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to PG-3 and IRT viruses in titres of at least 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, at a dose of 1 ml / kg of animal weight three times with an interval of 10 days. The calves of the experimental groups additionally used the therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention in the form of a 7% aqueous solution for 15 days with an interval of 24 hours in doses of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 ml / kg of body weight animal. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators. The research results (table 1) confirmed the validity of the proposed dosage - 1.5-2.0 ml / kg of animal weight.

Table 1 Prophylactic effectiveness depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent Indicators Groups of animals experience the control 1 - n = 20 2 - n = 20 3 - n = 20 4 - n = 20 5 - n = 15 The dose of the claimed funds, ml / kg 1,0 1,5 2.0 2.5 Ill, goal. four 3 2 2 3 It’s fallen, a goal. one - 0 0 2 Preventive efficacy,% 80 85 90 90 80 The form of the disease,% light one 2 2 2 heavy 3 one 3

Example 2. The therapeutic efficacy, depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention, was determined on sick calves 30-45 days of age with associated viral infection caused by PG and IRT viruses, after a diagnosis was established based on a comprehensive analysis with mandatory virological examination, distributed into 5 groups: 4 groups - experienced, 1 group - control. The calves of all groups were subcutaneously injected with hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to PG-3 and MFI viruses in titres of at least 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, at a dose of 1 ml / kg of animal weight with an interval of 24 hours before clinical recovery. The calves of the experimental groups additionally used the therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention in the form of a 7% aqueous solution with an interval of 12 hours at doses of 2.5, 3.0, 4.0 and 4.5 ml / kg of animal weight until clinical recovery . The calves of the control group were treated with traditional methods using symptomatic agents. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 2).

table 2 Therapeutic efficacy depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent Indicators Groups of animals experience the control 1 - n = 10 2 - n = 10 3 - n = 10 4 - n = 10 5 - n = 10 The dose of the claimed funds, ml / kg 2,5 3.0 4.0 4,5 Recover, goal. fourteen 10 10 10 9 It’s fallen, a goal. one 0 0 0 one Therapeutic efficacy,% 90 one hundred one hundred one hundred 90 Duration of treatment, days 16 fifteen fourteen
- fifteen
- 16 Relapses of the disease, goal. four four 3
- 0
- 5

The research results (table 4) confirmed the validity of the therapeutic dose of 3.0-4.0 ml / kg of animal weight. Doses below the minimum and above the maximum are not economically feasible.

Example 3. The comparative effectiveness of the method for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases using a therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention was determined on clinically healthy calves 30-45 days of age, divided into four groups. The calves of all groups were subcutaneously injected with hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to PG-3 and IRT viruses in titres of at least 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, at a dose of 1 ml / kg of animal weight three times with an interval of 10 days and was additionally used orally for 15 days with an interval of 24 hours: the first group is a therapeutic and prophylactic agent in accordance with the invention in the form of a 7% aqueous solution at a dose of 2.0 ml / kg of animal weight, the second group is an aqueous extract from perforated St. John's wort herbs, creeping thyme, peppermint and mother-and-um 100 ml of acech, taken in equal amounts, the third group is an infusion from the collection of medicinal herbs, including dioecious nettle, large burdock, pharmacy chamomile, common oregano, perforated St. John's wort, common wormwood, large plantain, coltsfoot and oats sowing dose of 300 ml. In the fourth group, additional drugs were not used. Ill animals were treated with the same drugs by increasing the dose in the first group to 4.0 ml / kg of animal weight, in the second group to 150 ml, in the third group to 600 ml. In the control group, treatment was carried out with drugs, mainly nitrofuran drugs. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 3).

Table 3 The comparative effectiveness of the claimed and known methods for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases of calves Indicators Groups of animals 1 - n = 45 2 - n = 42 3 - n = 40 4 - n = 42 Applied drugs GIS * + declared tool GIS + analogue tool GIS + herbs GIS + nitrofurans Ill, goal. four four 5 8 Preventive efficacy,% 91.1 90.5 87.5 81 The form of the disease,% light 3 3 2 2 heavy one one 3 6 Recover, goal. four 3 3 5 Therapeutic efficacy,% one hundred 75 60 63.3 It’s fallen, a goal. 0 one 2 3 Duration of treatment, days 10 12 fourteen 16 ^* - hyperimmune serum

Example 4. The effectiveness of the method of prevention and treatment with the use of therapeutic and prophylactic agents, depending on the concentration, was determined on clinically healthy calves of 20-30 days of age, divided into 3 groups: 2 groups - experimental, 1 group - control. The calves of all groups were subcutaneously injected with hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to PG-3 and IRT viruses in titres of at least 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, at a dose of 1 ml / kg of animal weight three times with an interval of 10 days. The calves of the experimental groups additionally for 15 days with an interval of 24 hours inside applied the claimed tool in the form of 7% and 8% aqueous solution, at a dose of 2.0 ml / kg of animal weight. Sick animals in the experimental groups were treated with the drug in the same concentrations with an increase in dose to 4.0 ml / kg of animal weight. In the control group, treatment was carried out with drugs, mainly nitrofuran drugs. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 4).

Table 4 The effectiveness of the therapeutic effect, depending on the concentration of the therapeutic agent Indicators Groups of animals 1 - n = 35 2 - n = 42 3 - n = 42 Applied drugs GIS ^* + the claimed tool in the form of a 7% aqueous solution GIS + the claimed tool in the form of an 8% aqueous solution GIS + nitrofurans Ill, goal. 3 four 8 Preventive efficacy,% 91.4 90.5 81.0 The form of the disease,% light 2 3 2 heavy one one 6 Recover, goal. 2 four 5 Therapeutic efficacy,% one hundred one hundred 63.3 Fell, forced to kill a goal. 0 0 7 Preservation,% one hundred one hundred 83.3 Duration of treatment, days 10 10 16 ^* - hyperimmune serum

Our studies showed that the extract of a mixture of equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, creeping thyme and licorice roots has a wide range of pharmacological effects, as well as antiviral and antimicrobial activity, which, based on the principle of synergism, provides a sufficient level of intensity protective reactions in clinically healthy calves, as evidenced by an increase in prophylactic efficacy and recovery reactions in sick calves, shortening the period in the treatment, increased incidences perebolevaniya mild, treatable, and the reduction of relapses. The product is non-toxic, contains bioavailable beneficial biologically active substances, including, for example, essential oils, flavonoids, kartinoids, phytosterol, saponins, polysaccharides, vitamins, micro- and macrocells, has ecological purity.

Information sources

1. D.K. Chervyakov et al. Medicines in veterinary medicine. - M .: Kolos, 1977, p.138-147.

2. Veterinary medicine, 2005, No. 4, pp. 11-13.

3. RU 2072862 C1, 1997.

4. RU 2184560 C1, 2002.

5. RU 2185184 C1, 2002.

6. RU 22501101 C1, 2005.

Claims (2)

1. A therapeutic and prophylactic agent for young farm animals, containing an alcoholic extract of plant material, characterized in that a mixture of equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, creeping thyme and licorice roots is used as plant material. 2. A method for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases of calves, including an injection of hyperimmune serum containing specific antibodies to parainfluenza-3 viruses and infectious rhinotracheitis in titers of at least 1: 1280 and 1: 256, respectively, characterized in that they also prescribe an alcohol extract for oral administration equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, creeping thyme and licorice roots in the form of a 7-8% aqueous solution for prophylactic purposes at a dose of 1.5-2.0 ml / kg of animal weight for 15 days from inter shaft in 12-24 hours and therapeutic purposes - in the dose of 3.0-4.0 ml / kg of animal with an interval of 12 hours prior to clinical recovery.