RU2315610C1 - Curative-prophylactic remedy for cattle youngsters and method for preventing and treating viral gastrointestinal diseases in calves and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested curative-prophylactic remedy contains alcoholic extract of the mixture of equal quantities of grass and inflorescences of purple Echinacea, coltsfoot, the flowers of small-leaved linden and the roots of common licorice. This remedy is necessary for the intake in calves additionally after subcutaneous injection of convalescent animals' serum containing antibodies to rota- and coronaviruses in titers ranged 1:128 and 1:64, correspondingly, as 7-8%-aqueous solution at prophylactic purpose for the period of about 7-10 d at a 24-h-long interval at the dosage of 1.5-2.5 ml/kg animal body weight. and at curative purpose - at the dosage of 3.5-4.5 ml/kg animal body weight at a 12-h-long interval till clinical recovery. The innovation enables to increase body protective reactions in clinically healthy calves and shorten the terms of therapy and the onset of relapses in sick ones.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

2 cl, 5 ex, 6 tbl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, relates to a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for young plant-based farm animals, and can be used for the prevention and treatment of viral gastrointestinal diseases of calves.

Gastrointestinal diseases of calves are caused by a complex set of reasons, including, first of all, infectious agents (various associations of enteropathogenic bacteria, viruses, chlamydia, fungi, etc.) that exhibit pathogenic effects against unfavorable conditions of feeding and feeding, which cause stress and maladaptation of the body, metabolic disorders, decreased resistance and immunological reactivity. Alimentary-functional diarrhea (dyspepsia, colostrum toxicosis, etc.) are also recorded, which, as a rule, are complicated by conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms. The incidence of calves at the age of 1-10 days is 35.6%, at the age of 10-30 days - 31.30%, at the age over 30 days - 33.1% (Balkova I.I. et al. Non-communicable diseases of farm animals // Vet. Consultant, 2004, No. 17, pp. 4-16). Fatal outcome even under good conditions can reach 40-75%.

Low-toxic and therapeutically effective agents for the gastrointestinal diseases of young farm animals are represented by herbal remedies that are well tolerated by patients and are affordable and cheap. Plant preparations contain components that promote the absorption of biologically active in the digestive tract and the removal of toxic substances from the body, enhance enzymatic activity and improve tissue permeability and elasticity.

Known methods for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (dysbacteriosis, including protean and fungal, enterocolitis, mainly accompanied by putrefactive and fermentative processes) using medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, tonic, antipyretic and regenerating effects, for example, calendula officinalis, St. John's wort , large plantain, yarrow, upright cinquefoil, tansy, horsetail, burdock large, chamomile pharmacy, celandine ordinary, oregano, oak bark, etc. / 1 /, licorice smooth, ordinary flax, mallow, etc. / 2 / in the form of infusions and decoctions.

Also known is a preparation of plant origin - pectosorbin and a method for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases of young farm animals with its use. Pectosorbin obtained from the bark of coniferous and deciduous trees, citrus fruits and other plant materials contains pectin (40-90% of the dry weight of the drug) and a lignin complex (10-60% of the dry weight of the drug) / 3 /.

Closest to the claimed is a therapeutic and prophylactic agent, which is an aqueous extract from the herbs of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), creeping thyme (Thymus serpyllum), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) taken in equal amounts / 4 /.

In order to expand the arsenal of therapeutic and prophylactic agents for young farm animals used for gastrointestinal diseases, it is proposed to use an extract from grass and inflorescences of Echinazea purpurea, coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara), and small-leaved linden flowers (Tilia cordata) ) and the licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), taken in equal amounts.

Echinacea purpurea (Echinazea purpurea) is a perennial herb with a short rhizome, the fruit is a grayish-brown achene. It is bred in the southern and middle bands of the European part of Russia. They collect flower baskets in July-August, rhizomes with roots in late autumn. Chemical composition: essential oil (in flower baskets 0.13-0.48%), which includes non-cyclic sequiterpene, glycoside, betaine, resin, organic acids (palmitic, linoleic, cerotinic), phytosterols (in the roots). In folk and scientific medicine, Echinacea purpurea is used in the complex treatment of recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, tuberculosis, leukemia, pregnancy, lactation, childhood, chronic liver disease.

Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) is ubiquitous. Leaves are harvested in the first half of summer. Chemical composition: mucus, during hydrolysis of which glucose, galactose, uronic acids, bitter glycosides, essential oil, saponins, phytosterol, carotenoids, malic and tartaric acids, etc. are formed. In folk and scientific medicine, coltsfoot is used as an expectorant, emollient , anti-inflammatory, disinfectant and diaphoretic.

Small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) Is a large, durable tree that grows in the deciduous forest zone of the European part of Russia. Gather inflorescences with bracts, buds, leaves, bark and seeds. Chemical composition: linden flowers contain essential oil (about 0.05%), polysaccharides (7-10%), including galactose, glucose, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose and galacturonic acid, flavanoids (4-5%), ascorbic acid and carotene: in linden leaves - protein, ascorbic acid (131 mg%), carotene; in fruits - fatty oil (up to 60%). In folk and scientific medicine, infusions and decoctions of linden inflorescences are used as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs for influenza, colds and respiratory infections, bronchitis, infectious diseases in children, neuralgia, cystitis, etc. Shredded fresh buds or fresh and soaked leaves are used as an external anti-inflammatory , painkiller and emollient applied to burns, inflammatory seals and ulcers.

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is a perennial root-shoot herbaceous plant of the family. It grows wild in the south of Western Europe, in the Mediterranean, Western Asia, Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, China, in Russia - in the south of the European part and in Western Siberia. Collect rhizomes with roots in spring or summer. Chemical composition: triterpene saponin glycyrrhizin - calcium and potassium salts of glycyrrhizonic acid (23%), flavanoids, derivatives of flavanone and chalcone, polysaccharides (starch, pectic substances), ascorbic acid. Licorice root preparations are used as an expectorant and laxative (powder, dry and thick extracts, syrup, breast elixir), as an anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and antisecretory agent for peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, bronchial asthma, and allergic asthma.

The extract from the grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, small-leaved linden flowers and licorice roots is prepared in the pharmacopeia method in a ratio of raw material to extractor 1:10. Ethanol with a concentration of 70% is used as an extractant. Medicinal raw materials are crushed to particles 1-3 mm in size, mixed in equal amounts, a weighed portion of the raw material is placed in a glass vessel, the calculated amount of ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 70% is added, it is kept for 7 days in a dark place at a temperature of 15-20 ° C. Then the alcohol tincture is filtered through a canvas or two layers of gauze, squeezing the raw materials, filtered.

Example: 500 g of medicinal raw material were placed in a glass jar (equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, linden blossoms and licorice roots), 5.0 l of ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 70% were added, put in a dark place and kept at a temperature of 15-20 ° C for 7 days, after which it was filtered through the canvas, squeezing the raw materials.

The effect of the extract from the grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, small-leaved linden flowers and licorice roots, taken in equal amounts, on the health of calves from the first days of life until they reach 2 months of age was determined in comparison with the known agent ( pectosorbin) in a farm that is long-term inadequate for gastrointestinal diseases of calves (incidence - up to 80%, mortality - up to 30%), on clinically healthy calves weighing 25-28 kg at birth. The therapeutic and prophylactic agent in the form of a solution of 7% concentration, which was prepared on chilled boiled water, was used orally 1 time per day for 10 days, starting from the second colostrum, at a dose of 2.5 mg / kg body weight. The condition of the calves was evaluated by clinical indicators and increase in live weight - calves were weighed at birth and at 2 months of age. It was found that the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic agent provided an increase in efficiency of 5% and a gain in body weight of 10.9%.

For the prevention and treatment of viral gastrointestinal diseases of calves on the background of a subcutaneous injection of serum-convalescents containing antibodies to rota and coronaviruses in titers 1: 128 and 1:64, respectively, a therapeutic and prophylactic agent in the form of a solution of 7-8% concentration is used, which is prepared in chilled boiled water and given orally for preventive purposes for 7-10 days with an interval of 24 hours at a dose of 1.5-2.5 ml / kg of animal weight, for therapeutic purposes - at a dose of 3.5-4, 5 ml / kg of animal weight with an interval of 12 hours before clinical recovery.

The essence of the method is illustrated by examples.

The prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of the method using the therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention against a background of subcutaneous injection of serum convalescents containing antibodies to rota and coronaviruses in titers of 1: 128 and 1:64, respectively, was determined in scientific and production experiments in the conditions of farms, long-term dysfunctional in gastrointestinal diseases caused by the impact on the body of associations of viruses, pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora against the background of violation of the conditions of detention and feeding pregnant cows and calves. Virological studies have confirmed the etiological role of rota- and coronaviruses. Incidence - 87-95%, mortality - 25-30%.

Example 1. Prophylactic efficacy depending on the dose of a therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention was determined on clinically healthy calves of daily age with a live weight of 28-35 kg, divided into 5 groups: 4 groups - experimental, 1 group - control. Convalescent serum was administered subcutaneously to calves of all groups, containing antibodies to rota- and coronaviruses in titers of 1: 128 and 1:64, respectively, at a dose of 10, O ml for 9 days with an interval of 48-72 hours. The calves of the experimental groups additionally used the claimed agent in the form of a 7% aqueous solution for 7 days with an interval of 24 hours in doses of 0.5, 1.5, 1.5 and 2.5 and 3.0 ml / kg of animal weight. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 1).

Table 1
The effectiveness of the 7-day prophylactic course, depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent Indicators Groups of animals experience the control 1-n = 43 2-n = 45 3-n = 42 4-n = 42 5-n = 42 The dose of the claimed funds, ml / kg 0.5 1,5 2,5 3.0 - Ill, goal. 3 one 0 0 four It’s a goal. 2 0 0 0 3 Preventive efficacy,% 93.0 97.8f one hundred one hundred 90.5 Preservation,% 95.3 one hundred one hundred one hundred 92.9 Form of pain,% mild, severe one
2 one
- -
- -
- -
2 Duration of treatment, days 3.5-4.0 3.5-4.0 3.0- -3.0 -4.0-4.5

As can be seen from table 1, as an optimal dose for practical use, a dose of 2.5 ml / kg of animal weight can be recommended, which provides maximum performance relative to control and dose constraints.

Example 2. Preventive efficacy depending on the duration of use of a therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention was determined on clinically healthy calves of 3 days of age with a live weight of 28-35 kg, divided into 2 groups: depending on the immunological status (table 2).

table 2
Immunological status of 3-day old calves Indicators Groups of animals First group Second group White blood cells, 10 ⁹ / L 6.2 ± 0.1 7.1 ± 0.1 Red blood cells, 10 ¹² / L 5.7 ± 0.2 6.6 ± 0.2 Functional activity of blood neutrophils,%: - induced test 3.2 ± 0.2 4.8 ± 0.4 - spontaneous test 6.7 ± 0.4 10.4 ± 0.7 Bactericidal activity of blood serum,% 39.4 ± 3.0 52.1 ± 2.4 Lysozyme activity of blood serum,% 1.5 ± 0.2 2.5 ± 0.2 Total protein, g% 5.0 ± 0.2 6.12 ± 0.1

The calves of both groups were subcutaneously injected with serum-convalescents containing antibodies to the rota and coronaviruses in titers of 1: 128 and 1:64, respectively, at a dose of 10.0 ml for 9 days with an interval of 48-72 hours, and the claimed agent was additionally used orally in the form of a 7% aqueous solution at a dose of 2.5 ml / kg of animal weight for 7-10 days with an interval of 24 hours. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 3).

Table 3
The effectiveness of a 7-10-day prophylactic course, depending on the duration of the use of the therapeutic agent Indicators Groups of animals 1-n = 24 2-n = 20 Ill, goal.

It’s a goal.

Preventive efficacy,%

Preservation,%

Duration of treatment, days 3.5-4.0 Note: in the numerator - indicators of a 7-day, in the denominator - indicators of a 10-day preventive course

As can be seen from table 3, the duration of the preventive course depended directly on the immunological status.

Example 3. The therapeutic efficacy, depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention, was determined on calves with a coronavirus infection after a diagnosis was established on the basis of a comprehensive analysis with mandatory virological examination and the exclusion of bacterial infections, divided into 5 groups: 4 experimental groups, 1 group - control. Convalescent serum, containing antibodies to rota- and coronaviruses in titers of 1: 128 and 1:64, respectively, was administered subcutaneously to calves of all groups at a dose of 10.0 ml once a day for 9 days with an interval of 48-72 hours. The calves of the experimental groups additionally used the claimed agent in the form of a 7% aqueous solution with an interval of 24 hours at doses of 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6.0 ml / kg of animal weight until clinical recovery. The calves of the control group were treated with traditional methods using symptomatic agents. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 4).

Table 4
The effectiveness of the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases of calves, depending on the dose of the therapeutic agent Indicators Groups of animals experience the control 1-n = 40 2-n = 35 3-n = 45 4-n = 40 5-n = 36 The dose of the claimed funds, ml / kg 2,5 3,5 4,5 6.0 - Recover, goal. 35 33 45 39 31 It’s a goal. 2 0 0 0 3 Therapeutic efficacy,% 87.5 94.3 one hundred 97.5 86.1 Preservation,% 95.0 one hundred one hundred one hundred 91.7 Duration of treatment, days 9-10 6-7 6-7 5-6 9-10 Relapses of the disease, goal. (%) 4 (89.5) 2 (94.3) - - 8 (77.8)

The research results (table 4) confirmed the validity of the therapeutic dose of 3.5-4.5 ml / kg of animal weight. Doses below the minimum and above the maximum provided an increase in therapeutic efficacy relative to the control group, but were not economically feasible.

Example 4. The effectiveness of the method of prevention and treatment with the use of therapeutic and prophylactic agents, depending on the concentration, was determined on clinically healthy calves of daily age with a live weight of 28-35 kg, divided into 3 groups: 2 groups — experimental, 1 group — control. Convalescent serum, containing antibodies to rota- and coronaviruses in titers of 1: 128 and 1:64, respectively, was administered subcutaneously to calves of all groups at a dose of 10.0 ml for 9 days with an interval of 48-72 hours. The calves of the experimental groups additionally within 7 days with an interval of 24 hours - the claimed agent was applied inside in the form of 7% and 8% aqueous solution at a dose of 2.5 ml / kg of live weight of the animal. Ill animals in the experimental groups were treated with the drug in the same concentrations with an increase in dose to 4.5 ml / kg of animal weight. In the control group, treatment was carried out with drugs, mainly nitrofuran drugs. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 5).

Table 5
The effectiveness of the therapeutic effect depending on the concentration of the therapeutic agent Indicators Groups of animals 1-n = 35 2-n = 40 3-n = 36 Applied drugs CP + the claimed tool in the form of a 7% aqueous solution CP + the claimed tool in the form of an 8% aqueous solution CP + nitrofurans Ill, goal. 2 2 6 Preventive efficacy,% 94.3 95.0 83.3 The form of the disease,% light one 2 one heavy one - 5 Recover, goal. 2 2 four Therapeutic efficacy,% one hundred one hundred 66.7 It’s a goal. 0 0 2 Preservation,% one hundred one hundred 94,5,0 Duration of treatment, days 6 6 9

Example 5. To determine the comparative effectiveness of the method of prevention and treatment using a therapeutic agent in accordance with the invention was determined on clinically healthy calves 1-3 days of age weighing 30-35 days, divided into four groups. Convalescent serum was injected subcutaneously to calves of all groups, containing antibodies to rota- and coronaviruses in titers of 1: 128 and 1:64, respectively, at a dose of 10.0 ml for 9 days with an interval of 48-72 hours, and additionally used orally: group - the claimed product in the form of a 7% aqueous solution at a dose of 2.5 ml / kg of animal weight for 7 days with an interval of 24 hours: the second group is an aqueous extract from perforated St. John's wort herbs, creeping thyme, peppermint and mother -mothers taken in equal amounts at a dose of 100 ml, the third group - pectosorb N 0.16 g / kg body weight. In the fourth group, additional drugs were not used. Ill animals were treated with the same drugs by increasing the dose in the first group to 4.5 ml / kg of animal weight, in the second group - 150 ml, in the third group - 0.3 g / kg of animal weight. In the control group, treatment was carried out with drugs, mainly nitrofuran drugs. The results were taken into account according to the main clinical indicators (table 6).

Table 6
The comparative effectiveness of the claimed and known methods for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases of calves Indicators Groups of animals 1-n-45 2-n = 42 3-n = 40 4-n = 36 Applied drugs CP + claimed remedy CP + equivalent product SR + pectosorbine CP + nitrofurans Ill, goal. 3 four 5 6 Preventive efficacy,% 93,4 90.5 87.5 83.3 The form of the disease,% light 2 3 2 one heavy one one 3 5 Recover, goal. 3 3 3 four Therapeutic efficacy,% one hundred 75 60 66.7 It’s a goal. 0 one 2 2 Preservation,% one hundred 96 95.0 94,5,0 Duration of treatment, days 6 7 10 9

Studies have shown that the extract of a mixture of equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of purple coneflower, coltsfoot, leaf leaves and licorice roots has a wide range of pharmacological effects, as well as antiviral and antimicrobial activity, which, based on the principle of synergism, provides a sufficient level of intensity protective reactions in clinically healthy calves, which was manifested in an increase in prophylactic efficacy and recovery reactions in sick calves, which was expressed in abbreviations are terms of treatment, an increase in cases perebolevaniya mild, treatable, and reduce relapses. The tool is non-toxic, contains bioavailable useful biologically active substances, including, for example, essential oil, flavonoids, kartinoids, phytosterol, saponins, has environmental cleanliness.

Information sources

1. B.M. Akabyayants // Veterinary medicine, - 1996, No. 12.

2. D.K. Chervyakov et al. Medicines in veterinary medicine. - M .: Kolos, 1977, p. 101-104.

3. RU 2141329 C1, 1998.

4. RU 22501101 C1, 2005.

Claims (2)

1. A therapeutic and prophylactic agent for young farm animals, containing an alcoholic extract of plant materials, characterized in that a mixture of equal amounts of grass and inflorescences of Echinacea purpurea, coltsfoot, small-leaved linden flowers and licorice roots is used as plant material. 2. A method for the prevention and treatment of viral gastrointestinal diseases of calves, comprising subcutaneous injection of serum convalescents containing antibodies to rota and coronaviruses in titers of 1: 128 and 1:64, respectively, characterized in that they additionally apply alcohol extract of equal amounts of grass and Echinacea purpurea, coltsfoot inflorescences, small-leaved linden flowers and licorice roots in the form of a 7-8% aqueous solution for prophylactic purposes for 7-10 days with an interval of 24 hours at a dose of 1.5-2.5 ml / kg of animal weight, and with therapeutic fir - a dose of 3.5-4.5 ml / kg body weight at an interval of 12 hours prior to clinical recovery.