RU2296451C1 - Fruit pickup attachment for cucurbital produce - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: fruit pickup attachment has frame, closed chain contour equipped with blades and lifting run inclined in direction opposite to advancement direction, transportation belt with elastic blades rigidly joined to chain contour, feeding tray and rolling-in device. Transportation belt and elastic blades define cells. Each blade of transportation belt has I-shaped carcass positioned at a right angle to chain contour and provided with reinforced column. Reinforcing material is located along the entire perimeter of fruit lifting contour. Transportation belt enclosing chain contour is made in the form of net with round meshes having diameter exceeding by 1.1-1.2 times minimal size of fruit to be picked up.

EFFECT: increased efficiency, enhanced reliability in operation and reduced damage to fruit.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines designed for harvesting gourds.

Known fruit picker for melons, containing an endless conveyor with fingers mounted on it, in which, in order to reduce damage when selecting fruits of various sizes and shapes, the fingers are spring-loaded and pivotally mounted on the conveyor with a step close to the size of the smallest fruits; articulated spring fingers in the working area are covered with elastic material and have a pear-shaped thickening at the end (SU, certificate of authorship No. 397154, M. Cl. A01D 45/00, A01D 51/00. Selector of gourds. / B. G. Chechin, M.Yu.Topolsky, E.G. Volkov, V.A. Rumyantsev and others. - Claimed 09/21/1971; publ. 09/17/1973).

The disadvantages of the described pick-up include low technical reliability, low productivity and large losses.

Known fruit picker for melons and gourds, containing a support frame, a lift made in the form of a series of guides, and a feeding device with leashes, in which, in order to increase the completeness of selection and reduce damage to the fruit, the feeding device consists of separate endlessly flexible hinged relative to the frame and guides elements on which leashes are fixed with an arrangement between guides and inclined towards the movement of flexible elements (SU, copyright certificate No. 886808, M. Cl ^3. A01D 45/00. Fruit picker c. / V.I. Perepelitsa, V.I. Protasov, V.V. Grezhanyu, S.F. Stelmakh. - Declared 12/22/1976; publ. 07/12/1981).

The disadvantages of this picker include the complexity of the design, the low reliability of the selection of fruits, their mechanical damage at the time of capture and transportation, as well as the inability to select only standard fruits.

The closest technical solution in essence to the claimed object is a picker of gourds, containing a frame, a drum with meshes, a roll-in and a receiving tray, while the drum is made in the form of a closed chain contour, the lifting branch of which is inclined to the side opposite to the direction of movement of the picker, and equipped with a conveyor belt and elastic blades forming the mesh, while the conveyor belt covers the chain contour from the outside, and the elastic blades are connected with the chain contour and conveyor with a black ribbon and arranged perpendicular to them (SU, copyright certificate No. 1588307, M. Cl ⁵ A01D 45/00. Fruit picker for melons and gourds. / V.G. Abezin and L.N. Chaban. - Claimed 02.06.1987; publ. 08/30/1990, bull. No. 32).

The disadvantages of this picker are injury to the fruit during collision from the right and left feeders, imperfections in construction when aggregated with a tractor and the inability to select fruits for a standard size.

The invention consists in the following.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to reduce injury to the fruit during selection, increase productivity and provide the ability to sample standard fruits.

The technical result is an increase in productivity, a decrease in fruit injury and an increase in operational reliability.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known picker of gourds, containing a frame, a closed chain contour with blades, the lifting branch of which is tilted in the direction opposite to the direction of movement, a conveyor belt covering the chain contour from the outside, and elastic blades rigidly connected to the chain contour and conveyor belt, moreover, the conveyor belt and elastic blades form meshes, a receiving tray and a roll-in, according to the invention, each blade of the conveyor belt has a I-shaped frame mounted at right angles to the chain contour, equipped with a reinforced stand, the reinforcing material being located around the entire perimeter of the fruit-lifting contour, and the transport tape enclosing the chain contour is made in the form of a grid with round meshes, the diameter of which is 1.1 ... 1.2 times the minimum size of the picked fruit; the fruit-lifting circuit is equipped with a hydraulic actuator in the form of a gear motor; each roll-in is made in the form of a series of strips; strips are mounted on the copy wheels connected to the load-bearing beam by leashes; the picker is equipped with a lifting mechanism for the fruit-lifting circuit, which is made in the form of power hydraulic cylinders.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a picker of gourds, mounted on a tractor, side view.

Figure 2 is the same plan view.

In Fig.3 - view A in Fig.1, the position of the blade during the capture of the fetus, rear view.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed technical solution is as follows.

The gourd fruit picker contains a frame, a closed chain circuit with blades, a receiving tray and a roll-in.

A gourmet fruit picker is mounted on tractor 1 and includes a frame 2 in the form of a volumetric parallelogram. The frame 2 is covered by a chain contour 3. The chain contour is placed on the sprockets 4. The frame 2 is fixed on the front side members of the tractor 1 by a stand 5. The chain contour 3 covers the conveyor belt 6. The belt 6 is connected to the chain contour 3 by blades 7. The lower part of the frame 2 has a spacer 8. In front of the end part of the fruit-lifting contour, the fruit-shifting bar 9 is installed. It is supported by the leash 10 on the wheel 11. In the horizontal plane, the fruit-lifting contour is fixed by the front linkage 12 of the tractor 1.

The lifting branch of the closed chain loop is tilted in the direction opposite to the direction of movement.

Conveyor belt 6 with elastic blades 7 is rigidly connected to the chain contour 3. Conveyor belt 6 and elastic blades form meshes.

Fruit pick-ups are made in the form of a number of planks 13. The planks 13 are supported on wheels 14 and fastened to them by means of leashes 15 to a load-bearing beam 16. In the upper part of the fruit-lifting contour, a fruit receptacle 17 is placed. At the end of the fruit receptacle 17 a fruit stacker 18 is placed.

The chain circuit 3 is mounted on the frame 2 using the shafts 19 and has a locking track 20 (see figure 3). Track 20 is located on both sides of the frame 2.

Each blade 7 of the conveyor belt 6 has an I-shaped frame mounted at right angles to the chain loop 3. The I-shaped frame is equipped with a reinforced rack. Reinforcing material is located around the entire perimeter of the fruit-receiving contour.

Each blade 7 has a bar 21, to which special links 22 of the roller chain 23 are fixed. A bar 24 with a support bar 25 is rigidly fixed to the bar 21. A conveyor belt 26 is enclosed to the support bar 25, covering the chain loop 3. The transport belt 26 is a grid, the mesh of which ensures the capture of only standard fruits. Between the bar 21 and the rack 24, as well as the support bar 25, a mesh 27 is tensioned for gripping and transporting the fruit. Between the racks 24 there is an elastic partition 28.

The conveyor belt 6 enclosing the chain contour 3 is made in the form of a mesh with round meshes. The diameter of the cells is 1.1 ... 1.2 times the minimum size of the selected fruits.

Each roll-in is made in the form of a series of planks 13, mounted sequentially at an angle to the direction of movement of the tractor 1. The planks 13 are mounted on the copy wheels 14. The latter are connected to the supporting beam 16 by leashes 15.

To adjust the angle of installation of the roll-in to the direction of movement, adjusting stretch marks 29 are provided. To transfer the fruit-lifting circuit from the transport position to the working, remote hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31 are used. The fruit-lifting circuit drive is equipped with a hydraulic actuator in the form of a gear motor 32.

The fruit picker is equipped with a mechanism for lifting the fruit-lifting contour. The mechanism is made in the form of power hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31.

The picker works as follows.

After sampling, it is necessary to select from the field all standard-sized fruits suitable for food use or processing for seeds, juice and pulp.

When the picker moves, the fruits lying on the field surface are captured by the fruit-shifting bar 9 and the feeder bars 13, which feed them to the lower part of the conveyor belt 6, which moves along the field surface at a speed equal to the translational speed of the tractor 1. This is provided by the gear motor 32 . Fruits arriving at the fruit-lifting contour are fixed by the blades 7, and injury to the fruit on the rack 24 of the blade 7 and from collisions is prevented by the elastic partition 28. When moving the fruit-lifting contour of the odes are lifted by blades 7 from the surface of the earth to the top of the fruit-lifting contour, the height of which provides the possibility of loading fruits into vehicles. The loss of fruit from the blades is prevented by tilting the fruit-lifting contour to the horizon in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the pickup. Fruits having a size smaller than the standard pass through the openings of the cells of the transport tape 26 and remain on the surface of the gourd. This significantly reduces labor costs for sorting fruits. When the blade 7 is rotated on the upper sprocket of the chain loop 2, the fruit rolls onto the fruit receptacle 17 having a bias towards the fruit stacker 18, which ensures that the fruits are stacked in the vehicle. Normal operation of the fruit picker should take place when installing the hydraulic distributor of hydraulic cylinders 30, 31 in a floating position. The transport position of the pick-up is ensured when the valve is installed in the “lift” position.

The developed pick-up design will allow selection of fruits from the field surface, separation of non-standard fruits and loading of standard fruits into a vehicle without mechanical damage. The use of a double-sided roll-in and a two-strand fruit-lifting contour will increase the pick-up productivity.

Claims (5)

1. A picker for gourds, containing a frame, a closed chain contour with blades, a lifting branch which is inclined to the opposite direction of movement, a conveyor belt with elastic blades rigidly connected to the chain contour and conveyor belt, the conveyor belt and elastic blades forming meshes , a receiving tray and a roll-in, characterized in that each blade of the conveyor belt has an I-shaped frame mounted at a right angle to the chain contour, equipped with a reinforced stand moreover, the reinforcing material is located around the entire perimeter of the fruit-lifting contour, and the conveyor belt covering the chain contour is made in the form of a grid with round meshes, the diameter of which is 1.1 ... 1.2 times the minimum size of the selected fruits. 2. The sorter according to claim 1, characterized in that the fruit-lifting circuit is equipped with a hydraulic actuator in the form of a gear motor. 3. The sorter according to claim 1, characterized in that each roll-in is made in the form of a number of slats. 4. The sorter according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the trims are mounted on the copy wheels connected to the carrier beam by leashes. 5. The sorter according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a lifting mechanism for the fruit-lifting circuit, which is made in the form of power hydraulic cylinders.

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