RU2262936C2 - Preparation against necrobacteriosis in cattle and respiratory diseases in calves, method for treating and preventing necrobacteriosis in cattle and respiratory diseases in calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested preparation contains (weight%): tylosine tartrate 10.0-20.0, gelatin 0.1-0.3, lanolin 6.5-8.5, polyethylene siloxane 41.5-43.5, water - the rest. Method for treating and preventing necrobacteriosis in cattle and respiratory diseases in calves deals with intramuscular injection of the preparation in question, moreover, injection should be performed into massive group of muscles, thrice, at interval of 2-3 d at the dosages of 0.15-0.25 ml/10 kg animals body weight. Therapeutic and prophylactic efficiency of the preparation applied corresponds to 90-100%.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy and prophylaxis.

2 cl, 4 ex, 4 tbl

Description

The drug against necrobacteriosis of cattle and respiratory diseases in calves, a method for the treatment and prevention of necrobacteriosis of cattle and respiratory diseases in calves.

The invention relates to veterinary medicine and is used for the treatment and prevention of necrobacteriosis in cattle and respiratory diseases in calves.

Necrobacteriosis of cattle limbs is one of the most widespread forms of pathology caused by pathogenic strains of fusobacteria necroforum, often in association with other conditionally pathogenic microbes, which are normal inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract (scar), skin integument and the environment (soil, manure and etc.). Under favorable conditions, these microorganisms can significantly increase their virulence and cause severe damage to the skin, mucous membranes and underlying tissues in animals and humans.

Currently, the prevalence among cattle in many regions of the Russian Federation, limb necrobacillosis takes third place after tuberculosis and leukemia (Solomakha O.I., Kirillov L.V. Necrobacteriosis - a comprehensive solution to the problem // Agrarian Russia, 2001, No. 3. S.38-41).

Errors in feeding and keeping animals contribute to the emergence and spread of necrobacteriosis in livestock farms, which leads to a decrease in the body's resistance and allows the causative agent of necrobacteriosis and other bacteria to penetrate the hooves that are most favorable for parasitization.

The wide spread of the disease is also facilitated by the fact that in many cases they approach necrobacillosis from a non-infectious position, treating it only as a wound infection. In such cases, the consequence of the disease is usually treated, missing time to deal with the main cause - the infection caused by fusobacteria necrosis in association with other bacteria. Under these conditions, the disease encompasses a large number of animals, acquires a massive, stationary nature with constant relapses and exacerbations of clinical manifestations while reducing animal resistance, therefore existing control measures often do not give the desired results.

Given the cause of necrobacteriosis, methods of treating and preventing the disease should be based on the use of both agents that increase the body's resistance and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents that have a detrimental effect on microflora, which plays a role in the development of the disease.

For the prevention and treatment of diseases of the distal extremities, including necrobacteriosis, trimming, clearing hooves, treatment and prophylactic foot baths with disinfectant solutions, surgical treatment followed by spray treatment (Kubatol, Septonex, etc.), dressings with powders (Shatrova, Plahotina, Ostrovsky, etc.) and ointment are widely used (Vishnevsky, tar, synthomycin, etc.).

To treat limb lesions in necrobacteriosis and respiratory diseases of young animals, antibiotics are widely used that have a detrimental effect on the causative agents of these infections: tetracycline, penicillin, tylosin and their derivatives (necropharm, dibiomycin, bicillin - 3 and 5, formazin, etc.) (Veterinary preparations: Reference book // Under the editorship of A. D. Tretyakov, Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1988. pp. 2-4, 17, 293; Veterinary preparations in Russia: A Handbook // I.F. Kleinov, N.A. Yaremenko.M .: Selkhozizdat, 2001.S. 94, 102, 116, 117).

In recent years, 10-20% alcohol solution of tylosin tartrate, as well as its derivatives, which are repeatedly administered in large doses to obtain a therapeutic effect, are widely used in the treatment of limb damage in necrobacillosis in many dysfunctional farms. (Khusneev F.A. Experience in combating necrobacillosis of cattle // Transactions of the First Congress of Veterinarians of the Republic of Tatarstan. Kazan, Tatar Book Publishing House. 1996, p.145-148). This antibiotic inhibits the reproduction and development of many microorganisms: staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, clostridia, erythropylotriks, mycoplasmas, pathogens of pig dysentery, necrobacteriosis, pasteurellosis, etc.

Tylosin tartrate is a low-toxic antibiotic. Due to its high solubility, it is rapidly absorbed from the injection site and excreted from the body, therefore, to maintain a therapeutic concentration in the blood, it should be administered at least 2-3 times a day (Zhemerichkin D.A., Semenov S.V. et al. Comparison stability and pharmacokinetics of injectable forms of tylosin // Veterinary Medicine, 1999, No. 12. - S.39-41). With necrobacteriosis, a powerful demarcation zone is formed at the site of the lesion, which prevents the penetration of drugs and requires significantly increased doses of the antibiotic to obtain the necessary therapeutic effect, which can have a negative (toxic) effect on all systems and especially on their organs from the body (kidneys and liver) ) It is known that antibiotics are targeted drugs: against a specific pathogen, the antimicrobial activity of tylosin tartrate to various microorganisms is also quite different. In addition, there is a high probability of the development of resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to it, and the immunosuppressive effect of a 20% alcohol solution of tylosin tartrate on the macroorganism has been established (Antipov V.A. Pharmacological properties of tylosin // Veterinary Medicine, 1984, No. 10. - P.60- 61; Kasyanenko EK Pharmacology, toxicology of tylosin preparations used in veterinary medicine. Abstract of diss. Candidate of veterinary sciences. Leningrad, 1990. - 22 p.).

It is well known that an important element of the antimicrobial effect of any therapeutic drug is the creation of conditions in the body that are unfavorable for microbes and increase the resistance of animals.

Improving the treatment and prevention of limb lesions in necrobacillosis and the treatment of respiratory diseases can be achieved through a comprehensive effect on the microorganisms that cause the disease and on the animal organism, aimed at activating the reticulo-endothelial system (RES) and increasing biological tone.

The most promising is the use of antibiotic-based drugs in combination with substances that enhance non-specific resistance and improve the general condition of the body.

The objective of the invention is to increase the therapeutic and prophylactic effectiveness of the drug, as well as methods of prevention and treatment, reducing the frequency of treatments and reducing the number of relapses.

To achieve this goal, gelatin, anhydrous lanolin, polyethylene siloxane and water are additionally introduced into the preparation containing tylosin tartrate in the following ratio of components, wt. % .:

Tylosin tartrate 10.0-20.0 Gelatin 0.1-0.3 Polyethylene siloxane 41.5-43.5 Anhydrous lanolin 6.5-8.5 Water Rest

A preparation for the prophylaxis and treatment of lesions of the distal extremities in necrobacteriosis of cattle and respiratory diseases in calves was obtained by mixing the calculated amounts of components to a homogeneous emulsion in an emulsifier reactor at 3 thousand rpm for 20 minutes. The finished product was poured into sterile bottles of 100.0-200.0 ml, corked with rubber stoppers, rolled up with aluminum caps and labeled according to the technological regulations for its production.

Example 1. The effectiveness of the drug depending on the qualitative and quantitative ratio of ingredients.

Cattle of a dysfunctional economy, in which necrobacteriosis is confirmed by laboratory tests, were divided into 4 groups, selecting them according to the principle of analogy depending on the degree of limb damage: 3 groups - experimental, 1 group - control. Treatment of animals of the experimental group was carried out using a preparation containing tylosin tartrate, gelatin, anhydrous lanolin and polyethylene siloxane in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Tylosin tartrate 10.0-20.0 Gelatin 0.1-0.3 Anhydrous lanolin 6.5-8.5 Polyethylene siloxane 41.5-43.5 Water Rest

in an amount of 0.2 g / 10 kg of live weight 3 times with an interval of 2-3 days. Animals of the control group were injected intramuscularly with a 20% alcohol solution of tylosin tartrate in a volume of 10 ml for 5 consecutive days. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated by the following parameters: the duration of the disease, the period of rehabilitation, possible relapses, the outcome of the disease, the percentage of recovery. The results are presented in table 1

Example 2. A method for the treatment of necrobacteriosis in cattle, depending on the degree of damage to the limbs.

Cattle of dysfunctional necrobacteriosis farms were divided into 5 groups (4 groups - experimental and 1 group control). Animals of each group, depending on the severity of limb damage, were divided into 3 subgroups: 1 subgroup - the initial degree of limb damage; 2 subgroup - medium degree; Subgroup 3 - severe degree of limb damage. Animals of the first group were treated with the drug at a dose of 0.1 ml / 10 kg of weight, the second - 0.15; the third - 0.2; the fourth - 0.25 ml / 10 kg of body weight. The multiplicity of drug administration for the experimental groups was established from 1 to 5 times with an interval of 48 hours, and in the control group, a 20% alcohol solution of tylosin tartrate was administered daily for 5 days. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the method was carried out according to the same criteria as in experiment 1 (Example 1). The research results are presented in table 2.

The drug was taken in the ratio of components, wt.%: Tylosin tartrate - 20.0; gelatin - 0.2; anhydrous lanolin - 7.5; polyethylene siloxane - 42.5; water - up to 100.0. Control - 20% alcohol solution of tylosin tartrate.

Example 3. A method for the prevention of limb lesions in necrobacillosis of cattle.

On the farm, which is dysfunctional for necrobacteriosis of cattle, during the period of the alleged rise in incidence (autumn-winter, stall period of keeping, before and immediately after calving, in the second half of fattening), animals were divided into 3 groups: the first experimental 40 goals, the second - 44 goals, the third - 44 goals. Control group No. 1-42 animals, which used a 20% alcohol solution of tylosin tartrate at the rate of 0.4 ml / 10 kg of animal body weight. Control group No. 2 - 43 goals - intact.

For animals of the 1st experimental group, the drug was used at a dose of 0.15 ml / 10 kg of animal weight, the second - 0.2 ml / 10 kg of weight, the third - 0.25 ml / 10 kg of weight. The drug was used once in a ratio of components, wt.%: Tylosin tartrate - 20.0; gelatin - 0.2; anhydrous lanolin - 7.5, polyethylene siloxane - 42.5; water - up to 100.0.

The effectiveness of prevention was taken into account by the number of diseased animals to their total number.

The results are presented in table 3.

Table 3 The effectiveness of prevention depending on the dose of the drug Group of animals Number of animals, goal. Dose, ml / 10 kg Got sick Preventive efficacy,% goals % Experienced 1 40 0.15 1 2,5 97.5 Experienced 2 44 0.2 0 0 100 Experienced 3 44 0.25 0 0 100 Control 1 42 0.4 2 4.7 95.3 Control 2 43 - 21 48.8 -

Example 4. A method for the treatment of respiratory diseases of calves.

On a farm unsuccessful for respiratory diseases, calves with signs of respiratory tract damage aged 1 to 4 months were divided into 5 groups: 3 experimental (1 gr. - 10 goals, 2 gr. - 14 goals, 3 gr. - 14 goals) and 2 control (1 gr. - 12 goals, 2 gr. - 13 goals). For experimental groups, a preparation containing tylosin tartrate, gelatin, anhydrous lanolin and polyethylene siloxane in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Tylosin tartrate 10.0-20.0 Gelatin 0.1-0.3 Anhydrous lanolin 6.5-8.5 Polyethylene siloxane 41.5-43.5 Water Rest

administered at a dose of 0.15; 0.2; 0.25 ml / 10 kg of body weight, once a day with an interval of 48 hours. The first control group was treated with terramycin at a dose of 10 mg / kg live weight daily for 5 days, and the second control group was not treated. The results are presented in table 4.

Table 4
The effectiveness of the treatment of respiratory diseases of calves depending on the dose of the drug. Group of animals Number of patients, goal. Dose of the drug Recover, goal. Fallen goal Therapeutic efficacy,% Experience 1 10 0.15 ml / 10 kg nine 1 90.0 Experience 2 14 0.2 ml / 10 kg 14 0 100.0 Experience 3 14 0.25 ml / 10 kg 14 0 100.0 Control-1 12 10 mg / kg eleven 1 91.6 Control-2 thirteen - - 5 -

Thus, the proposed drug and the method of its administration can cure animal patients with limb necrobacillosis in the initial stage of damage to 100% of cases, in the middle stage to 95.8%, reduce treatment time by 2-5 days, reduce the amount of drug administered and the number of relapses of the disease . The therapeutic effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of calves with respiratory diseases of mixed etiology is 90.0-100.0%. In this composition, the drug exhibits a new effect - increased activity of the reticuloendothelial system in connection with the action of its constituent components. The appearance of a new effect is shown by production tests in the farms of the republics of Tatarstan, Mari-El, Bashkortostan, Chuvashia, Samara, Penza, Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, Perm regions of the Russian Federation.

The drug has low toxicity (LD _{50 | ml} = 97.0 ml / kg). The therapeutic concentration is maintained in the tissues of the body for 48 hours after a single use. The use of the drug for necrobacteriosis is economically beneficial, its economic effect is from 15 to 20 rubles per 1 ruble of costs at 2002 prices.

Prescribing the drug to sick animals and bacteria carriers increases the weight gain of animals by an average of 8-44%, improves their general condition and appetite, and quickly disappears the clinical signs of the disease and certain morphoimmunobiochemical blood parameters.

Claims (2)

1. The drug against necrobacteriosis of cattle and respiratory diseases of calves, containing tylosin tartrate, characterized in that it additionally contains gelatin, lanolin, polyethylene siloxane and water in the following ratio, wt.%: Tylosin tartrate 10.0-20.0 Gelatin 0.1-0.3 Lanolin 6.5-8.5 Polyethylene siloxane 41.5-43.5 Water rest. 2. A method for the treatment and prevention of necrobacteriosis in cattle and respiratory diseases of calves, comprising intramuscular administration of a drug containing tylosin tartrate, characterized in that the drug additionally contains gelatin, lanolin, polyethylene siloxane and water in the following ratio, wt.%: Tylosin tartrate 10.0-20.0 Gelatin 0.1-0.3 Lanolin 6.5-8.5 Polyethylene siloxane 41.5-43.5 Water rest, moreover, the introduction is carried out intramuscularly into a massive muscle group, three times, with an interval of 2-3 days in doses of 0.15-0.25 ml per 10 kg of animal weight.