RU218351U1 - DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING LIQUID FERTILIZERS TO THE CULTIVATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The cultivator belongs to agriculture, in particular to machines for caring for root crops, and can be used to apply liquid fertilizers under potato ridges in the conditions of the South of Russia. The essence of the proposed utility model is as follows. The proposed design includes containers with fittings, hoses for delivering fertilizers to the hiller, pipes for applying fertilizers. The hiller, when moving, hilling the ridges, rakes and shifts the soil from the aisle to the tuberous bed, forming a ridge. At the same time, fertilizers are applied through the tubes installed behind the lattice dumps of the hiller. After the passage of the hiller, part of the loose and loose soil crumbles, while sprinkling fertilizers, excluding their evaporation and weathering. Fertilizers are applied from both sides of the bed in close proximity to the root system of tubers in the loose part. Due to the possibility of applying fertilizers in close proximity to the root system of tubers and loose soil, the amount of fertilizer consumption is reduced, and the quality of application and development by plants is also improved. The cultivator includes the following main components: a frame on which containers for fertilizer and fittings are mounted, support wheels, a hitch, working sections on which hillers with arrows are mounted, lattice dumps on which hoses and tubes are fixed using brackets, for fertilizing in soil. 3 ill.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to machines for caring for root crops, and can be used to apply liquid organic and mineral fertilizers under potato ridges in the South of Russia.

State of the art

Known cultivators for inter-row cultivation KRN-4.2, KRN-5.6, as well as the cultivator okuchnik KOH-2.8, etc. . 1. Agricultural machinery. Catalog part 1. - M .: State Committee for the production and technical support of agriculture, 1981, p. 420. 2. Agricultural machinery for intensive technologies. Catalog. - M.:. Agro NIITEIITO, 1988, p. 161, p. 177].

According to the results of state tests, the lack of these cultivators shows a low unification of the machine. When caring for planting potatoes on the chernozems of the South of Russia, there are constructively devices for applying granular fertilizers through a feeding knife. Application of liquid fertilizers is provided only on the center column of the boom or chisel. The working bodies that perform the functions of applying liquid fertilizers work inefficiently, due to the fact that they are located too far from the root system of tubers in a more compact row-spacing. Part of the fertilizer never reaches the root system. modern varieties form tubers and root system compactly and at a shallow depth, [see. GOST 24055. Testing of agricultural machinery. Program and test methods. Industry standard: - M., 1988].

The disadvantage of the operations performed by these cultivators and offered by the industry with working bodies for fertilizing is that the aisle has compacted soil with poor water-air exchange, which worsens the process of absorption and transfer of fertilizers to the ridges, and some of the fertilizers, without passing through the compacted layer, evaporates and vanishes. As a result, the application rate is increased or repeated application is applied, which creates additional costs and difficulties associated with agricultural terms.

The closest in technical essence and achieved positive effect and adopted by the author for the prototype is the cultivator KOH-2.8. The well-known cultivator KOH-2.8 is aggregated with tractors of traction class 1.4 and provides a productivity of 1.2 ... 1.4 hectares per 1 hour of clean work [see. Agricultural machinery. Catalog. part 1 - M .: State Committee for the production and technical support of agriculture, 1981, p. 425]. The cultivator consists of a frame, support wheels, a hitch, working sections, working bodies [see. Vereshchagin N.I. Mechanization of potato cultivation using intensive technology - M .: Agro NIITEITO, 1989, p. 85].

To improve the quality of fertilizer application, it is possible to propose the use of various working bodies for the cultivator developed by the industry, but their use does not give good results and an increase in the application rate or re-application is unacceptable due to the high cost of fertilizers, environmental requirements and limited agricultural terms.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to improve the quality indicators of the cultivator for applying liquid fertilizers by providing it with a device for applying them. Increasing productivity by combining operations and ensuring its versatility, by installing working bodies for fertilizing. Reducing the amount of applied fertilizers due to their introduction into tubers easily accessible to the root system.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is reduced to its versatility in application to the processing of various crops and the use of simple working bodies. Reducing fertilizer consumption by introducing into the tuberous bed.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the cultivator, containing a frame on which containers and distribution mechanisms are mounted, support wheels, a hitch, fertilizer boxes (not shown in the figures), working sections, hillers with lattice dumps, on which hoses are fixed with clamps and installed tubes with brackets.

The essence of the proposed utility model is as follows. The proposed design includes containers with fittings, hoses for delivering fertilizers to the hiller, pipes for applying fertilizers. The hiller, when moving, hilling the ridges, rakes and shifts the soil from the aisle to the tuberous bed, forming a ridge. At the same time, fertilizers are applied through the tubes installed behind the lattice dumps of the hiller. After the passage of the hiller, part of the loose and loose soil crumbles, while sprinkling fertilizers, excluding their evaporation and weathering. Fertilizers are applied from both sides of the bed in close proximity to the root system of tubers in the loose part.

Due to the possibility of applying fertilizers in close proximity to the root system of tubers and loose soil, the amount of fertilizer consumption is reduced, and the quality of application is also improved.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 - top view of the cultivator.

In FIG. 2 is a side view of the cultivator.

In FIG. 3 - rear view of the hiller.

Implementation of the utility model

The cultivator includes the following main components: frame 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3), on which containers 2 for fertilizers and fittings are mounted, support wheels 3, hitch 4, working sections 5, on which hillers 6 with lancet paws 11 are mounted, lattice dumps 7, on which hoses 8 and tubes 9 are fixed with brackets 10, for fertilizing the soil.

The cultivator works as follows: before starting work, the depth of processing is adjusted by fixing the racks of the hiller 6 on sections 5 and the traction 12 on the section. The height and volume of the ridge is also regulated by the displacement and subsequent fixation of the lattice dumps 7.

When the unit moves with support wheels 3 across the field following the cultivator, the hillers, installed at the working depth, rake up the soil from the row spacing to the ridges by means of the 11 lancet paw and 7 slatted dumps. Fertilizers are supplied through the 8 hoses , which are introduced into the tuberous bed from two sides (into the protective zone) and then sprinkled due to the soil buried by the slatted dumps 7, excluding their evaporation. This is the versatility of the cultivator, which allows it to be used for applying various fertilizers and on various cultivators.

The dosage of fertilizer application can be adjusted according to the height of the ridge, the width of the row spacing and the distance from the tuberous bed using tubes 9, fixed with brackets 10 on the dumps 7 of the hiller 6.

Thanks to the tubes installed on the dumps, fertilizers are applied to a loose ridge at a distance of 5-7 cm from the root system of tubers, where they are quickly absorbed and completely absorbed without loss in the shortest possible time.

The location of the tubes on the dumps makes it possible to exclude the use of loosening or dressing working bodies in the vicinity of the root system of tubers. The combination of this operation reduces the specific resistance of the unit. Eliminates additional fertilization operation.

All connections of the proposed design are attached to the frame 1 and sections 5 of the cultivator, are detachable and can be easily dismantled, which is especially important when using the cultivator and tractor for other work. To dismantle the structure, it is enough to disconnect the tank mount 2 and the brackets 10, which fasten the tubes 9 to the dumps.

Due to the possibility of introducing into the tuberous bed at the same time as hilling, significantly less fertilizer is consumed, the specific resistance of the unit is significantly reduced without requiring the installation of additional working bodies, and damage to the root system of tubers is excluded.

The proposed utility model in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages:

the versatility of the device allows it to be used with other cultivators and for processing various crops;

due to the installation of tubes on lattice hillers, injury to the root system of tubers in one pass is reduced;

reduction of energy consumption and traction resistance of the unit by reducing the number of working bodies, the number of operations and the number of machine passes;

increase in productivity of the unit for 1 hour of clean work due to the combination of hilling operations and fertilization;

does not require the manufacture of new components and parts;

due to the possibility of applying fertilizers to a loose comb and sprinkling them with soil, their evaporation and weathering are excluded.

the possibility of adjusting the dosage of application due to the tubes on the dumps of hillers.

Claims (1)

A cultivator for applying liquid fertilizers, consisting of a frame on which containers for fertilizers and fittings, support wheels, a hitch, working sections, hillers with lancet paws and lattice dumps are mounted, characterized in that the lattice hiller dumps installed on the working sections are equipped with tubes fixed with brackets, to which fertilizers are supplied from containers through hoses, which are applied to the tuberous bed from both sides.

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