RU216042U1 - CULTIVATOR FOR TREATMENT OF PROTECTIVE ZONES OF POTATO GRIDGES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to machines for caring for root crops, and can be used to protect potatoes from weeds and pests in the South of Russia. The cultivator for processing the protective zones of potato ridges consists of a frame, support wheels, a hitch, and working sections. Tanks are installed on the frame, from which herbicides are supplied through hoses under slight pressure to the nozzles mounted on the working sections with hillers, and are sprayed in the protective zone of the tuberous beds. With the help of hiller dumps, the sprayed weeds are sprinkled with soil, while the hillers, as well as the hiller dumps, are made with the possibility of their adjustable installation depending on the depth of tillage, the height and volume of the ridge. Due to the possibility of applying the herbicide directly into the tuber bed protection zone, the amount of herbicide applied is reduced, the quality of the application is also improved, and it is possible to reduce evaporation and weathering. 2 ill.

Description

The field of technology to which the utility model belongs.

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to machines for caring for root crops, and can be used to protect potatoes from weeds and pests in the South of Russia.

State of the art

Known cultivators for inter-row cultivation KRN-4.2, KRN-5.6, as well as the cultivator okuchnik KOH-2.8, etc., consisting of a frame, fertilizer boxes, reverse or lancet paws and chisel-shaped working bodies mounted on sections . 1. Agricultural machinery. Catalog part 1. - M .: State Committee for the production and technical support of agriculture, 1981, p. 420. 2. Agricultural machinery for intensive technologies. Catalog. - M.:. Agro NIITEIITO, 1988, p. 161, p. 177].

According to the results of state tests, the lack of these cultivators shows a low unification of the machine. When caring for planting potatoes on the chernozems of the South of Russia, there are constructively devices for mechanical weed control.

The disadvantage of these cultivators is that they are supplied with various working bodies only for inter-row cultivation. To combat weeds in the protective zone and between the bushes of tubers along the row, only soil from the aisles is covered with hillers with dumps. It should be noted that such an operation cannot be carried out during the period when the root system appears in tubers due to damage to it as a result of soil displacement. And also in the early periods of germination, due to the risks, along with weeds, damage cultivated plants by sprinkling soil.

In industry, various devices are used for the cultivator for applying liquid fertilizers, which provide working bodies on the central or side racks, but they are not provided for applying herbicides either. The inefficiency is due to the fact that they are located too far from the tuberous beds and the protection zone. [cm. GOST 24055. Testing of agricultural machinery. Program and test methods. Industry standard: - M., 1988].

The disadvantage of the operations performed by these cultivators and offered by the industry with working bodies for hilling is that the aisle has compacted soil with poor water-air exchange, which has lumps and lumps that are raked into ridges, and some of the lumps do not sprinkle weeds, but on the contrary, it overwhelms the sprouts of tubers. As a result, we do not always get the desired effect from the technological operation. Apply repeated hilling or add another technological operation for continuous spraying - sprayers to destroy weeds.

The closest in technical essence and achieved positive effect and adopted by the author for the prototype is the cultivator KOH-2.8. The well-known cultivator KOH-2.8 is aggregated with tractors of traction class 1.4 and provides a productivity of 1.2 ... 1.4 hectares per 1 hour of clean work [see. Agricultural machinery. Catalog. Part 1 - M .: State Committee for the Production and Technical Support of Agriculture, 1981, p. 425]. The cultivator consists of a frame, support wheels, a hitch, working sections, working bodies [see. Vereshchagin N.I. Mechanization of potato cultivation using intensive technology - M .: Agro NIITEITO, 1989, p. 85].

To improve the quality of weed control, it is possible to propose the use of various working bodies for the cultivator developed by the industry, but their use does not give high results, creates additional costs and difficulties associated with agricultural terms.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to improve the quality indicators of the cultivator for the destruction of weeds by providing it with a device for applying herbicides. Increasing productivity by combining operations and ensuring its versatility, by installing working bodies for applying herbicides. Reducing the amount of applied herbicides by applying them only to the protective zone of the tuberous beds.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is reduced to its versatility in application to the processing of various crops and the use of simple working bodies. Reducing the consumption of herbicides by applying only to the protective zone of the tuberous beds.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the cultivator, containing a frame on which containers with hoses, support wheels, a hitch, fertilizer boxes (not shown in the figure), working sections with lancet paws or hillers are fixed, hoses are fixed to the sections with clamps and nozzles are mounted.

The essence of the proposed utility model is as follows.

The proposed design includes a container with fittings, hoses with nozzles. The lancet paw or hiller, when moving, cuts weeds in the aisles. At the same time, through nozzles mounted on sections in front of the working bodies, herbicides are introduced into the protective zone of the tuberous beds. In the case of the use of hillers, sprayed weeds in the protective zone are also sprinkled with soil raked from the aisle, reducing evaporation and weathering of the herbicide. Herbicides can be applied on one or both sides of the bed.

Due to the possibility of applying herbicides only in the sewn zone of the tuberous bed, the amount of consumption is reduced and the quality of application is improved.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1. top view of the cultivator;

in fig. 2. side view of the cultivator.

Implementation of the utility model

The cultivator includes the following main components: frame 1 (Fig. 1, 2) support wheels 2, hitch 3, containers 4 for herbicides and fittings are also mounted on the frame, sections of the cultivator 5 with hillers 6, support wheels 10, clamps to the sections and frame hoses 7 are attached and nozzles 9 are mounted for spraying herbicides.

The cultivator works as follows.

Before starting work, the depth of processing is adjusted by fixing the racks of the hiller 6 on sections 5, the rod 8 and the wheel of section 10. The height and volume of the ridge are also regulated by displacement and subsequent fixation of the lattice dumps 11.

When the unit moves with supporting wheels 2 across the field following the cultivator, the lancet paws or hillers, installed at the depth of processing, destroy weeds in the aisles, when using the hillers, they rake up the soil from the row-spacing to the ridges by means of the 12 lancet paw, 11 trellised dumps and partially fill up the weeds with soil in the protection zone. In the nozzles 9, mounted on sections 5, through the hoses 7 from the tanks 4 under slight pressure created by the tractor compressor, the herbicide is supplied, which is applied to the protective zone of the bed from one or both sides, and sprinkled into the trail thanks to the soil buried by the slatted dumps 11, excluding its evaporation and weathering. This is the versatility of the cultivator, which allows it to be used for the application of various herbicides on various cultivators in conjunction with the mechanical processing of potato ridges.

The application of the herbicide can be adjusted according to the height of the ridge, the width of the protective zone by attaching nozzles 9 to sections 5.

Thanks to the nozzles installed on the sections, the herbicide is introduced into the protective zone in the required volume and width, where it completely covers all the plants, and, if necessary, sprinkled with soil, eliminating evaporation and weathering losses.

The location of the nozzles on the sections and the treatment of the protective zone with a herbicide makes it possible to exclude the use of various working bodies near the root system of tubers. The combination of operations reduces the specific resistance of the unit. An additional operation for the introduction of herbicides by a sprayer is excluded.

All connections of the proposed design are attached to the frame 1 and sections 5 of the cultivator, are detachable and can be easily dismantled, which is especially important when using the cultivator and tractor for other work. To dismantle the structure, it is enough to separate the fastening of the container 4 and fastenings of the injectors.

Due to the possibility of introducing a herbicide into the protective zone of the tuberous bed simultaneously with weeding or hilling, significantly less herbicide is consumed, the specific resistance of the unit is significantly reduced, without requiring the installation of additional working bodies for processing the protective zones, and damage to the root system of tubers is excluded.

The proposed utility model in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages:

the versatility of the device allows it to be used with other cultivators and for processing other crops;

due to the installation of nozzles on the sections, injury to the root system of tubers in one pass is reduced;

reducing the traction resistance of the unit by reducing the number of working bodies, the number of operations and the number of passes of machines that also violate the life cycle of tubers;

increase in productivity of the unit for 1 hour of clean work due to the combination of weeding or hilling operations and the introduction of a herbicide;

does not require the manufacture of new components and parts, the design can be assembled in economic conditions.

Claims (1)

A cultivator for processing the protective zones of potato ridges, consisting of a frame, support wheels, a hitch, working sections, characterized in that containers are installed on the frame, from which herbicides are supplied through hoses under low pressure to nozzles mounted on working sections with hillers, and sprayed in the protective zone of the tuberous bed, with the help of hiller dumps, the sprayed weeds are sprinkled with soil, while the hillers, as well as hiller dumps, are made with the possibility of their adjustable installation depending on the depth of tillage, the height and volume of the ridge.

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