RU2160532C1 - Cattle transport stress prophylaxis method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves feeding animals with glycerin in the mixture of concentrated feed five days before transportation date in an amount of 2-3 mg/kg of live weight per day. EFFECT: increased humoral factors of organism protection and reduced loss of beef. 5 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of animal husbandry and can be used for transporting slaughter cattle to meat processing enterprises, animals from supplying farms to industrial complexes and feedlots, as well as other technological stresses that arise during the growing, growing and fattening of young cattle.

 A known method for the prevention and treatment of stressful loads during transportation, including the use of phenazepam as an antidepressant, the use of which before transporting slaughter cattle, at the rate of 1.5 mg / kg live weight, gives a positive sedative effect and helps to reduce live weight loss by 5.0 -6.5 kg [1].

 However, along with the positive effect obtained when using phenazepam and other tranquilizers and antipsychotics (a calming effect on the central nervous system, eliminating emotional tension, feelings of fear and anxiety, muscle-relaxing and anticonvulsant action), an important problem arising from their use is the lack of data about the harmlessness of the products of their decay for human health.

 A known method of preventing stress and its harmful effects in cattle, including the use of diludine at a dose of 2.5 mg / kg body weight per day for 7 days before transportation [2].

 The disadvantages of the method are the short duration of the action of the antistressant - diludine, high cost, low efficiency due to increased energy decay of carbohydrates and fats, which causes tissue dehydration.

 The technical result is the search for an effective way to reduce the negative impact of stress on the animal organism and to reduce the loss of live weight and meat quality of livestock during transportation to meat processing enterprises, as well as from suppliers to the feedlots and complexes.

 This is achieved by the use of glycine, which is fed to animals at a dose of 2.0-3.0 mg / kg body weight per day for 4-5 days before transportation.

 Glycine is a new generation drug, belongs to the class of interchangeable amino acids (aminoacetic acid, glycol), found in animal tissues. In the greatest quantity it is contained in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord. Glycine is an integral part of glutathione, hippuric, glycolic acid, used to synthesize phospholipids (lecithin), oxytocin and vasopressin, glycine is a natural inhibitory mediator, interacts with glycineergic receptors, and is able to bind various endogenous and exogenous compounds. It was found that the use of glycine in stressful situations causes a sedative effect.

 Glycine for the prevention and correction of transport stress and reduce the loss of live weight of young cattle during transportation was not used.

 An experiment on the use of glycine was carried out on bulls of 15 months of age. Glycine was used as top dressing with concentrated feed at a dose of 2.0-3.0 mg / kg body weight per day for 3-7 days before transporting slaughtered young animals to a meat factory.

 Example 1. To work out the optimal dose and exposure, 5 experiments were conducted. For each of the experiments, according to the analogy principle, 4 groups of young animals were selected, 10 animals each, of which one group of control animals (intact animals that did not receive glycine) and three experimental animals. In each of the experiments, the first experimental group received glycine in the amount of 2.0 mg / kg body weight per day before transportation, the second - 2.5 mg / kg and the third - 3.0 mg / kg. The difference in the experiments was in the exposure to the use of glycine. So, in the first experiment, glycine was used three days before transporting the animals to the meat factory, in the second - four, in the third - five, in the fourth - six, in the fifth - in seven days.

 The results of the first experiment are presented in table 1.

 An analysis of the data on the use of glycine in various doses 3 days before the transportation of slaughter young animals showed that the loss of live weight for transportation in animals of the experimental groups was different. The largest loss of live weight of 24.09 kg (5.98%) was in animals of the control group, in the experimental groups the loss of live weight for transportation compared with the control was less by 3.7 kg (0.89%), respectively, 3, 89 kg (0.97%) - and 3.6 kg (0.87%).

 The bulls of the 2nd experimental group, receiving glycine at a dose of 2.5 mg / kg of live weight, were characterized by the smallest loss in live weight. In terms of carcass weight, the young of the experimental groups exceeded the calves of the control group by 5.29, respectively; 7.98 and 2.9 kg, and by carcass yield - by 1.03%; 1.35; 0.46%.

 Of the experimental groups, the largest carcass yield was observed in cattle of the 2nd experimental group (56.85%).

 Glycine fed to slaughter young animals in the amount of 2.5 mg / kg live weight per day 3 days before transportation was the most effective dose, which allowed to reduce the loss of live weight during transportation by 3.9 kg (0.97%), and the carcass weight increase (save) by 7.98 kg. An increase in the exposure to the use of glycine (experiment 2) up to 4 days in various doses made it possible to establish a positive effect on reducing the loss of live and slaughter mass (Table 2). The loss of live weight for transportation in control animals was 25.35 kg (6.32%), and in animals of the first, second and third experimental groups, they were less by 5.68 kg (1.44%), respectively; 7.12 kg (1.81%) and 5.01 kg (1.27%).

 The smallest loss of live weight was observed in cattle of the 2nd experimental group receiving glycine at a dose of 2.5 mg / kg live weight - 18.23 kg (4.51%). Experienced bulls were also distinguished by greater safety of the mass of carcasses. If the mass of carcasses of control young animals was 208.09 kg, then in experimental animals it was 9.25 kg more, respectively; 11.88 and 6.39 kg. Gobies of the experimental groups were superior to peers from the control group in terms of the mass of internal fat. On average, for this indicator, they exceeded the control ones by 0.21-0.39%.

 The best effect for the experiments was obtained using glycine at a dose of 2.5 mg / kg body weight with an exposure of 5 days (experiment 3).

 An analysis of the data showed that the use of glycine allowed to reduce the loss of live weight to 10.85 kg (2.72%), increase (save) the mass of the carcass - by 14.48 kg (6.85%) (Table 3).

 The use of various doses of glycine for six and seven days before transporting the animals to the meat processing plant showed that the effect of reducing the loss of mass and quality of meat with increasing exposure, starting from six days, decreased (Table 4).

 Thus, as a result of studies, the feasibility of using glycine to reduce the stress state of animals during transportation was established, while the most effective dose of glycine is 2.5 mg / kg body weight per day, and the exposure is five days before transporting young cattle , while the loss of live weight in young animals during transportation is reduced by 10.85 kg (2.72%), the carcass weight increases (remains) by 14.48 kg (6.85%), and the internal fat by 3.26 kg (25 , 53%).

 In order to confirm the results and a comparative study of the effectiveness of the use of glycine and diludine, taken as a prototype, a production check was performed on three groups of animals with 18 animals each.

 The first experimental group of young animals received glycine before transportation, the second - diludine. The dose and exposure of glycine and diludine were identical (2.5 mg / kg and 5 days). The control group of calves did not receive antistress.

 The test results showed that giving bulls before transporting glycine significantly reduced excitation, normalized the clinical condition compared to control analogues. When comparing the hematological parameters of gobies before and after transportation, it was found that the total protein content in the blood of young animals of the control group increased by 0.52%, sugar - by 7.5 mg%, in animals of the experimental groups there was a slight decrease in protein level and an increase in sugar content . So, in the second experimental group, the sugar content increased by 0.9 mg%, and in the first group, on the contrary, decreased by 0.8 mg%. This indicates an increase in the expenditure of energy reserves of the body, and this process was more accelerated and intensive in control animals. The hematocrit value (total erythrocyte volume) in control animals increased by 3.4%, and in experimental young animals of the second group by 0.2%, and in young animals of the first experimental group treated with glycine, it even decreased by 0.4%.

 Confirmation that the body of the gobies of the control group was more responsive to transportation is an increase in blood lipids in young animals. If the amount of lipids in the first and second experimental group decreased by 8.9 mg% and 3.4 mg%, respectively, then the content of analogues in the control group increased by 56.3 mg%.

 Thus, the use of glycine had the most favorable effect on the condition of the animals during transportation, while the experimental young animals lost 17.2 kg (4.0%) of live weight during transportation (Table 5), analogues from the second experimental group who were taught diludine (prototype), - 19.6 kg (4.6%), and control gobies lost 22.6 kg (5.3%). Consequently, the use of glycine allowed to reduce the loss of live weight of young animals compared with the control by 5.4 kg (2.34%), and experimental gobies of the second group - by 2.4 kg (1.2%). Gobies of the first group were superior to analogues from the second in increasing (preserving) the mass of carcass by 2.8 kg (1.24%) and gobies of the control group by 4.2 kg (1.9%).

 The number of confiscated items in control bulls was greater than in experimental animals, respectively in groups of 0.8 kg and 1.9 kg.

 If the yield of carcasses to the pre-slaughter live weight in all the studied groups of young animals was at the level of 55.11-55.25%, then the animals that received glycine (52.6%) had an advantage over the carcass output to the removable live weight.

 Thus, glycine can reduce the excitement of animals, normalize metabolism in the event of transport stress.

 Glycine stabilizes the clinical condition, provides a decrease in the breakdown of proteins, fats and carbohydrates due to the neutralization of peroxide compounds, increases the humoral factors of body protection and thereby helps to reduce beef loss during transport stress.

Sources of information
1. Stoyanovsky V.G. The tranquilizing effect of chlorpromazine and phenazepam on the development of adaptive reactions of calves of different age and sex groups during transport stress // Scientific: - techn. bull. Ukr. Research Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry animals. 1987, N 9/1, p. 27-30.

 2. Kobzev N. A. Influence of diludine on meat productivity and blood parameters during transportation of gobies to places of slaughter // Thes. doc. scientific-practical conf. - Orenburg, 1987, p. 7-8.

Claims (1)

 A method for the prevention of transport stress in cattle, including the introduction into the body of animals with food antistressant, characterized in that glycine (amino acid) is used as an antistressant in an amount of 2 to 3 mg / kg body weight per day for 5 days before transportation.

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