RU2160533C1 - Method for prophylaxis and correcting transport stress of cattle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves feeding animals with common feeds combined with licorice roots given in an amount of 3.0 g/kg of liveweight per day eight days before transportation. Method allows immune resistance of animal organism to be stimulated, neuromuscular excitation to be normalized and energetic substance mobilization to be restricted. EFFECT: increased efficiency by reduced loss of meat productivity. 8 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of animal husbandry and can be used for transporting slaughter cattle to meat processing enterprises, animals from supplying farms to industrial complexes and feedlots, as well as other technological stresses that arise during the growing, growing and fattening of young cattle.

 The sensitivity of livestock to the effects of technological stresses can be reduced by using tranquilizers (aminosine, chlorpromazine, triftazine, phenozepam, etc.), which contribute to general sedation, eliminate affective reactions that reduce anxiety, anxiety [1]. However, the main disadvantage when using it is the high cost, the short duration of their action, the possibility of accumulation of these substances or their decomposition products in the animal's body.

 A promising way to reduce the negative impact of stress factors is the use of adaptogens - substances that can increase the natural general non-specific resistance to stress, optimizing the physiological processes inherent in the animal organism, due to its general tonic effect.

 The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a method of preventing transport stress, in which animals for 7-10 days before being transported to a feed mill or meat processing plant are additionally fed with heracond in an amount of 2-3 g / kg of live weight per day [2 ]. Phytopreparation Erakond is an extract of alfalfa with the addition of trace elements. The production technology provides the yield of a sterile concentrated preparation that contains humic substances, amino acids, monosaccharides and has a balanced composition of trace elements. It has been established that the heracond is a phytopreparation with adaptogenic properties, providing activation of the body's protective functions to the adverse effects of technological stresses, which is reflected in the normalization of the physiological status of slaughtered livestock and reduction in meat productivity losses.

 The disadvantage of this method is the high cost of heraconda due to the complexity of its manufacture.

 The technical result is the search for an effective way to reduce the negative impact of stress on the animal organism and reduce the loss of live and slaughter mass of livestock during its transportation by using a cheaper and more affordable means.

 This is achieved by using an adaptogen of plant origin licorice, crushed to flour, which is fed to animals along with concentrated feed in the amount of 3.0 g / kg body weight per day for 8 days before transportation.

 Licorice root was not used for transportation in order to prevent and correct transport stress and reduce the loss of live and slaughter mass of young cattle during transportation.

 Experiments on the use of licorice root were carried out on bulls of 15 months of age, which were cultivated and fattened in an industrial complex. Licorice root was used as an additive with concentrated feed in an amount of from 2 to 3.5 g / kg live weight per day for 5-10 days before transporting slaughtered young animals to a meat factory.

 In order to work out the optimal dosage and exposure, 6 experiments were conducted. For each of the experiments, on the basis of the analogs principle, 5 groups of young animals were selected, 15 animals each, of which one group of control animals (intact animals that did not receive licorice root) and four experimental ones. In each of the experiments, the first experimental group received licorice root in the amount of 2.0 g / kg body weight per day before transportation, the second - 2.5 g / kg; the third is 3.0 g / kg and the fourth is 3.5 g / kg. The difference in the experiments was in the exposure to the use of licorice root. In the first experiment, licorice root was fed in addition to the main diet 5 days before transporting the animals to the meat processing plant, in the second - six, in the third - seven, in the fourth - eight; the fifth - nine and in the sixth experiment - in ten days.

 The results of the first experiment are presented in table. 1.

 Experimental data on the use of licorice root 5 days before transportation in various dosages indicate that the loss of live weight for transportation in animals of the experimental groups was different.

 Young animals from the control group who did not receive licorice root lost 28.4 kg (6.59%) of live weight during transportation, while the analogues from the experimental groups lost live weight, respectively, less than 3.6 kg (0, 82%); 4.1 kg (0.94%); 4.2 kg (0.98%); 3.7 kg (0.86%). The smallest loss of live weight was observed in young animals of the third experimental group, where the addition of licorice root to the main diet was 3.0 g / kg of live weight per day, which allowed to increase (maintain) the weight of the carcass. According to this indicator, the young of the third experimental group exceeded the control bull-calves by 5.2 kg. Feeding licorice root 6 days before transportation to the meat processing plant showed that an increase in the exposure to the use of licorice root in various dosages had a positive effect on the preservation of losses in meat productivity (Table 2). The loss of live weight in the control group amounted to 27.6 kg (6.43%), and in animals of the first, second, third and fourth experimental groups, they were 4.8 kg (1.13%) less, respectively; 6.1 kg (1.44%); 7.4 kg (1.73%) and 5.6 kg (1.32%). The greatest reduction in meat productivity losses was found in young animals of the 3rd experimental group, while the carcass weight exceeded the control by 7.4 kg. The addition of licorice root in an amount of 3.0 g / kg contributed to an increase in the mass of internal fat by 1.5 kg.

 An increase in the exposure to the use of licorice root before transportation to the meat processing plant up to 7 days contributed to a decrease in meat productivity losses (Table 3). So, if in the control group the loss of live weight for transportation was 27.1 (6.31%), then in the experimental groups they were 5.7 kg less (1.34%), respectively; 8.2 kg (1.92%); 10.1 kg (2.35%) and 6.5 kg (1.53%). Consequently, feeding slaughter young stocks for seven days before transporting licorice root allowed to reduce the loss of live weight by an average of 7.6 kg (1.7%). The greatest reduction in losses of live and slaughter weight was observed in young animals, who received licorice root in the amount of 3.0 g / kg live weight - 10.1 kg (2.35%) and 9.8 kg (4.2%), respectively.

 The use of licorice root for 8 days before transportation (Table 4) made it possible to preserve live weight loss by an average of 8.55 kg (2.0%) and increase (save) carcass weight by 6.7 kg (2.9%) and internal fat - by 1.9 kg (14.39%). The maximum effect was obtained using licorice root in an amount of 3.0 g / kg live weight. The reduction in live weight loss was 11.4 kg (2.65%), the increase (preservation) of carcass weight was 10.1 kg (4.39%).

 The data obtained in the experiments allowed us to conclude that a further increase in exposure starting from day 9 led to a decrease in the efficiency of reducing live weight loss (Tables 5, 6). However, the best indicators for maintaining body weight loss, maintaining carcass and internal fat mass, as with exposure for five, six, seven and eight days, were obtained using licorice root in an amount of 3.0 g / kg body weight. Thus, the conservation of live weight loss for transportation when giving licorice root for slaughtering young animals for 9 days was 10.1 kg (2.35%), the carcass weight conservation was 8.4 kg (3.71%), the internal fat was 2, 0 kg (16.0%), and within ten days, respectively 7.2 kg (1.67%); 6.2 kg (2.75%) and 2.0 kg (16.12%).

 Therefore, studies conducted to test various doses and exposures of licorice root in order to reduce the stress state of animals during their transportation and study the effect of this additive on reducing live weight loss, preserving (increasing) the mass of carcass and internal fat in all cases made it possible to establish the appropriateness of using the root licorice. In this case, the most effective dose of licorice root is 3.0 g / kg of live weight, and the exposure (time of use) is eight days before transporting young cattle (table. 7). Losses of live weight in young animals during transportation are saved by 11.4 kg (2.65%), carcass weight increases (remains) by 10.1 kg (4.39%), and internal fat by 3.1 kg (23.48 %).

 In order to confirm the results and a comparative study of the effectiveness of licorice root and heraconda taken as a prototype, a production test was conducted on three groups of animals with 20 animals each. The first experimental group of slaughtered young animals was obtained before transportation licorice root, the second - Heracond (prototype). The dose and exposure of licorice root and heraconda were identical (3 g / kg body weight and 8 days). The control group of gobies did not receive adaptogen supplements.

 The results of the audit showed that the use of licorice root and heraconda had a positive effect on reducing the stressful effects of transportation on slaughtered young animals. At the same time, normalization of the physiological status of animals led to a reduction in the loss of live and slaughter mass, and an increase (conservation) in the mass of carcass and internal fat (Table 8). Moreover, the effectiveness of using licorice root as an adaptogen was also confirmed by animal blood counts. In gobies receiving licorice root, the energy requirement was reduced, which was confirmed by the content of sugar and total lipids in the blood. In control animals for transportation, the blood sugar content increased by 42.16 mg%, in animals receiving heracond - by 14.21 mg%, and in young animals of the first experimental group receiving licorice root - by 7.21 mg%. The content of total lipids in the blood increased - in the control by 39.43 mg%, in the experimental groups, respectively - by 4.11 mg% and by 10.62 mg%. Feeding licorice root contributed significantly to the increase of humoral factors protecting the body from the negative effects of transport stress, which was reflected in a decrease in the loss of live weight of young animals compared to the control by 12.2 kg (2.80%), and experienced bulls of the species group - by 3.1 kg (0.69%). Gobies of the first group exceeded the analogues from the second in increasing (preserving) the mass of the carcass by 3.7 kg (1.55%) and the internal garden - by 1.8 kg (13.64%).

 Thus, studies have established that the use of licorice root helps to normalize metabolism in the event of transport stress. Licorice root is a stimulant of the body's immunological resistance, normalizes neuromuscular excitation, and inhibits the mobilization of energy substances, which leads to a reduction in the loss of meat productivity in cattle during transport stress.

Sources of information:
1. Stoyanovsky VG, The tranquilizing effect of chlorpromazine and phenazepam on the development of adaptive reactions of calves of different sex and age groups with transport stress, Scientific. -tech. bull. Ukr. Research Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry p. s. Animals, 1987, N 9/1, pp. 2.7-30.

 2. Sunagatulin F.A., Pharmacoclinic characteristics of Heraconda, Veterinary, 1995, N 3, p. 38-40.

Claims (1)

 A method for the prevention and correction of transport stress in cattle, including the introduction of an adaptogen into the animal’s body, characterized in that licorice root is used as an adaptogen, which is fed to animals with feed at a dose of 3.0 g / kg live weight per day for 8 days before transportation.

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