RU2148899C1 - Method for cultivating soil in spacings of tilled and other crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves performing simultaneous and sequential operations for cultivating dry noncompacted soil in spacings; providing initial mellowing of soil and undercutting of weeds in spacing by means of A-hoe and shaving hoes; spilling soil onto weeds in protective zone of cultured crop rows; providing surface mellowing across the whole width of crop row up to protective zones combined with combing out of weeds and harrowing for producing upper dry leveled moisture-retaining 4-6 cm thick soil layer. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified method and improved quality of soil cultivated by such method.

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the cultivation of soil between rows when growing row crops and other crops.

 Known methods of tillage between rows, including simultaneously loosening the soil, cutting weeds and harrowing (see SU 130720, 1960, A 01 B 35/02).

 The closest analogue in technical essence is the method of tillage in the rows between rows, including simultaneous surface loosening of the soil with combing weeds with rotary hoes, cutting weeds in the rows between the razor paws, loosening the soil at the center of the rows between the lancet paws and sprinkling the weeds in the protective zone of the soil (see. SU 124730 A, 1959, A 01 B 49/02).

 A common disadvantage of the known methods of treatment is the insufficient loosening of the upper soil layer, the presence of large lumps of soil, which sprinkle weeds in the protective zone and fall asleep cultivated plants, damage to the plant root system.

 The objective of the invention is to create a technology that ensures the formation between rows of rows of the upper moisture-saving soil layer 4-6 cm in a fine-grained state, sprinkling and suppression of weeds in rows of cultivated plants by a roller from dry fine-grained soil.

 The technical result is an increase in crop yields.

 This is achieved by the fact that when processing row-rows of row crops and other crops, simultaneous surface loosening of the soil and cutting of weeds in the row-spacings with lancet paws and razor paws, sprinkling of weeds in the protective zone of a row of cultivated plants, surface loosening of the soil and combing of weeds with rotary hoes are carried out. In this case, when processing dry non-sown soil to create an upper 4-6 cm dry moisture-saving layer, the soil is gradually loosened and the weeds are trimmed in the row spacing, the weeds are sprinkled in the protective zone of the row of plants, the soil is loosened with the weeds combed out with rotary hoes over the entire row spacing to protective zones, after which additionally and simultaneously they carry out crushing of the top soil layer, combing out the weeds and leveling the soil surface in the row-spacings by harrowing.

 A method of processing dry non-sown soil in the row-spacings involves the creation of an upper dry moisture-saving layer. For this, a series of tillage operations are carried out sequentially. First, the soil is loosened and the weeds are cut in the row-spacings by the lancet paws and razor paws, in which the soil is separated and loosened into small structural aggregates due to its non-soility. Then they carry out the sprinkling of previously loosened dry soil in a fine-grained state of weeds in the protective zone of the rows of plants. Moreover, in the protective zone along the row of plants a roller is formed from dry soil, which suppresses the growth of weeds and provides less evaporation of moisture from the soil surface in the row zone. After that, surface loosening is carried out over the entire width of the aisle to the protective zones with the combing of weeds with rotary hoes, which with their needles additionally crush large soil lumps remaining on the surface. Then, additionally and simultaneously with the previous operations, harrowing the row-spacing surface is carried out, providing crushing of the remaining undamaged soil lumps to a fine-grained state, combing weeds that were previously cut and pulled out by rotary hoes and finally leveling the soil surface in the aisle.

 As a result, the soil surface in the row-spacing is loosened to a fine-grained state with a dry moisture-saving layer of 4 - 6 cm, which excludes surface evaporation and allows the moisture in the soil to be used for the growth and development of cultivated plants, and in the plant row, also provide weed control without the use of herbicides.

 The method can be implemented by a device where a lancet paw, razor paws, working bodies in the form of dumpers for sprinkling weeds, a rotational hoe and a harrow are sequentially mounted on the frame of the cultivator section.

 Tilling the soil according to the proposed technology in one pass of the implement will reduce energy consumption, create favorable conditions for the growth and development of cultivated plants, accumulate, preserve and efficiently use soil moisture, environmentally safe to suppress and destroy weeds.

Claims (1)

 A method of tillage in row-spacings of row crops and other crops, including simultaneous surface loosening of the soil with combing weeds with rotary hoes, loosening the soil and cutting weeds in the row-spacings with lancet paws and razor paws, sprinkling soil with weeds in the protective zone of a row of plants, characterized in that when the processing of dry non-arid soil to create the upper 4-6 cm dry moisture-saving layer is carried out sequentially loosening the soil and cutting weeds in the aisle, powder weeds in the protective zone of a row of plants, surface loosening of the soil with combing weeds with rotary hoes, carried out along the entire row spacing to the protective zones, after which additionally and simultaneously crushing the top soil layer, combing the weeds and leveling the row spacing by harrowing.