JPH09182533A - Cultivation of rice plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To promote the humification and formation of aggregates, prevent the replant failure, retain the quality and cultivate rice plants at a low production cost by scattering rice bran and straws produced at the time of reaping rice plants on a field after reaping the rice plants and recarrying out the paddy plowing before rice transplantation. SOLUTION: Rice bran [in a scattering amount of preferably 600-1000kg based on 1 TAN (0.245 acre)] and straws produced at the time of reaping rice plants are respectively scattered on a field after reaping the rice plants and then plowed therein. Thereby, the nutrients supplying force, water holding properties and air permeability of soil are raised to recarry out the paddy plowing at least before rice transplantation. As a result, the rice plants are cultivated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for cultivating rice suitable for cultivating paddy rice glutinous rice and paddy rice glutinous rice.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is known to spread straw at the time of mowing and plow it into a rice field after mowing the rice to make a fertilizer. The organic matter contained in the straw serves as a nutrient source for the microorganisms in the soil and promotes its activity, thereby providing the nutrients necessary for the growth of rice.

[0003]

However, since the nutrients contained in the straw alone are insufficient for growing rice, it is indispensable to apply the chemical fertilizer, which is one of the causes of the increase in production cost. In addition, chemical fertilizers easily run off with flooded water, and additional fertilizer is required. Since the growth of rice is not improved simply by supplying nutrients to the soil, there is a soil improving material as a material for improving the properties of the soil. The organic soil improving material promotes the activity of microorganisms and promotes humification of soil, formation of aggregates, etc. Therefore, it enhances water retention and air permeability as well as the nutrient supply capacity of soil. Therefore, the growth of rice roots and stems as a whole is improved, and the yield can be increased. However, this type of soil improvement material, along with chemical fertilizers, contributes to production costs.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating rice which can enhance the nutrient supply capacity, water retention and air permeability of the soil by applying another organic material without using the existing soil improving material. To provide.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Rice bran is an organic material that can be easily obtained together with straw, and further contains three components of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium which are indispensable for the growth of rice. In the present invention, the straw at the time of harvesting rice and the rice bran obtained at the time of rice polishing are applied to the paddy field soil as organic fertilizer. That is, the method of cultivating rice according to the present invention is such that rice bran and straw at the time of rice harvesting are respectively sprayed on the rice field after the rice harvesting, and then the rice bran and the straw are plowed, and at least the rice plow is performed again before rice planting. It is characterized by

Since the decomposition and liberation of organic substances by microorganisms is carried out for a long period of time, it is preferable to plow rice bran and straw in the earliest possible time after cutting the rice. If the amount of rice bran sprayed is more than 1000 Kg per unit, the fertilizing effect is too strong, and if it is less than 600 Kg, the fertilizing effect is too weak.
Kg is preferred.

[0007]

[Operation] Rice bran and straw are mixed with paddy soil by the paddle and mixed with the soil. Organic matter contained in rice bran and straw mixed with soil serves as a nutrient source for microorganisms and promotes its activity. As a result, humification of soil, formation of aggregates, etc. are promoted, and nutrient supply capacity, water retention, air permeability, etc. of soil are improved. By promoting the formation of aggregates in the soil, the porosity of the soil progresses, and the gaps between aggregates increase to increase water retention and air permeability, which promotes the elongation of rice roots.

[0008]

By applying rice bran and straw to promote the activity of microorganisms, it is possible to improve the physical properties of the paddy soil such as nutrient supply, water retention and air permeability. The roots and stems of rice grow better, and the yield per unit area can be increased. In the case of the examples described later, the yield of rice was increased by about 10%. Since conventional soil improvement materials and chemical fertilizers are not required,
The cost required for this can be reduced. Because the vitality of the rice itself promotes its growth, the rice's resistance to pests becomes stronger and less susceptible to damage. Therefore, it is not necessary to use pesticides against pests, and environmental pollution caused by this can be reduced. You can also safely ingest the harvested brown rice. Since the soil is well-ripened and the nutrient supply is high, the quality of crops is improved even when lined. The roots of rice grow well and the stem is strong, so it is hard to fall down by the wind. Also, the taste of rice is improved. In particular, it has a sweeter taste than conventional rice and has a smooth texture.

[0009]

[Example] Cutting rice (glutinous rice or glutinous rice),
The straw produced when threshing is sprayed on the rice field. Some self-healing combine harvesters that have the functions of cutting and threshing rice have the function of cutting straw into small pieces and spraying them at the same time as harvesting rice. Rice bran is sprayed almost evenly on the harvested rice field that has been sprayed with straw. The rice bran spraying work can be carried out, for example, by using an existing powder-granular fertilizer applicator. The amount of rice bran sprayed is within the range of 600 to 1000 kg per roll. When lining the rice, the rice bran may be sprayed in a large amount within the above range.

After spraying the rice bran and the straw, the straw and the rice bran are plowed into the paddy field together with the stump and the like by a cultivating machine such as a tractor or a cultivator and mixed with the soil by stirring. After cutting the rice in this work, a plow is carried out around March and April of the following year and before rice planting to stir the upper and lower layers of the soil. By repeatedly performing field plows with a gap, the straw and rice bran are mixed almost uniformly in the soil, and the air in the soil is replaced. By the above work, the activity of microorganisms is promoted, the ripening of organic matter is promoted, and the fertility is cultivated.

Rice planting is carried out after scraping, and the number of strains is set to 2 or 3 at that time. The gap between the stocks should be about 20 cm. Minimize the number of strains to about 20cm.
By promoting the growth of rice.

[0012] Topdressing is not performed between rice planting and harvesting. It is also difficult to grow weeds because the rhizome of perennial weeds can be well dried and killed by repeated plows. Therefore, it is not necessary to use herbicides.
In addition, when the use of pesticides is avoided, organisms grow easily. For example, the horseshoe shrimp often inhabit and play the role of weeding.

The rice variety to be planted in the rice field is paddy rice glutinous rice or rice rice glutinous rice, but cultivars cultivated in the same rice field in the previous year are avoided. This is because there is a high possibility that a continuous cropping failure will occur and the quality will deteriorate.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method of spraying rice bran and straw at the time of harvesting rice on a rice field after harvesting rice, plowing the rice bran and the straw, and performing the spade again at least before planting the rice. How to cultivate rice. 2. The amount of rice bran sprayed is 600 to 1 per 1 unit.
The method for cultivating rice according to claim 1, which has a weight of 000 kg.