RU2148304C1 - Method for cultivating soil in spacings of tilled and other farm crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, simultaneous and sequential cultivation of soil in spacings. SUBSTANCE: method involves surface mellowing of soil combined with combing out of weeds by means of rotary hoe; spilling soil onto weeds in protective zone of plant row; mellowing soil and undercutting weeds by means of A-hoe and hoes-shavers; harrowing soil surface in spacings. Such sequence of operations during cultivation of dry soil allows upper dry water-retaining 4-6 cm thick layer to be formed. EFFECT: increased efficiency, improved quality of soil and increased yield.

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the cultivation of soil between rows when growing row crops and other crops.

 Known methods of tillage between rows, including simultaneously loosening the soil, cutting weeds and harrowing (see SU 130720, 1960, A 01 B 35/02).

 The closest analogue in technical essence is the method of tillage in the rows between rows, including simultaneous surface loosening of the soil with combing weeds with rotary hoes, cutting weeds in the rows between the razor paws, loosening the soil at the center of the rows between the lancet paws and sprinkling the weeds in the protective zone of the soil (see. SU 124730A, 1959, A 01 B 49/02).

 A common disadvantage of the known methods of treatment is the insufficient loosening of the upper soil layer, the presence of large lumps of soil, which sprinkle weeds in the protective zone and fall asleep cultivated plants, damage to the plant root system.

 The objective of the invention is to create a technology that ensures the formation between rows of rows of the upper moisture-saving soil layer of 4-6 cm in a fine-grained state, the sprinkling and suppression of weeds in rows of cultivated plants by a roller from dry fine-grained soil.

 The technical result is an increase in crop yields.

 This is achieved by the fact that when processing row-rows of row crops and other crops, simultaneous surface loosening of the soil is carried out with combing weeds with rotational hoes, sprinkling of weeds in the protective zone of a row of cultivated plants, cutting weeds and crushing of soil in the row-spacings with lancet paws and razor paws. At the same time, to create an upper 4-6 cm dry moisture-saving layer, surface loosening is carried out sequentially with weeds being combed out with rotational hoes over the entire row spacing to the protective zones, weeds are sprinkled in the protective zone of the row of plants, the soil is loosened in the aisle and the weeds are trimmed with a pointed paw and razor paws . Then, additionally and at the same time, crushing of the top soil layer is carried out, combing of weeds and leveling of the soil surface in the row-spacing by harrowing.

 The method of tillage in the row-spacings involves the creation of an upper 4-6 cm dry moisture-saving layer. For this, a series of tillage operations is carried out sequentially and simultaneously. First, surface loosening of the soil is carried out with the weeds being combed out with rotational hoes over the entire row spacing to the protective zones, in which weeds are pulled out with the help of hoes and the soil is loosened to a fine-grained state. Then weeds are sprinkled with loosened soil in the zone of a row of cultivated plants with the formation along it of a roller from dry soil, suppressing the growth of weeds and providing a decrease in moisture evaporation in the row zone. After this, loosening the soil and cutting the weeds in the row-spacings with lancet paws and razor paws, loosening the lower layer without bringing it to the surface. Further, harrowing is additionally and simultaneously carried out, which ensures crushing of the top soil layer with destruction of the remaining undisturbed lumps of soil to a fine-grained state, combing weeds trimmed by paws and final leveling of the soil surface in the aisle.

 As a result, the aisle surface is loosened to a fine-grained state with a dry moisture-saving layer of 4-6 cm. It excludes surface evaporation and allows the moisture in the soil to be used for the growth and development of cultivated plants, as well as ensuring weed destruction as in aisles; and in areas of plant rows without the use of expensive and environmentally hazardous herbicides.

 The method can be implemented by a device in which a rotational hoe, dumpers for sprinkling weeds in the row zone, lancet paw, razor paws and harrow are sequentially mounted on the frame of the serial section of the cultivator.

 Tillage of the rows between the rows by the proposed technology allows you to create favorable conditions for the growth and development of cultivated plants, to accumulate, preserve and efficiently use soil moisture, environmentally safe to suppress and destroy weeds.

Claims (1)

 A method of cultivating soil between rows of row crops and other crops, including simultaneous surface loosening of the soil with combing weeds with rotary hoes, loosening the soil and cutting weeds in the row-spacings with lancet paws and razor paws, sprinkling soil with weeds in the protective zone of a row of plants, characterized in that for creating a top 4-6 cm high dry moisture-saving soil layer, successively surface loosening of the soil is carried out with combing weeds with rotational hoes, etc. spreading weeds in the protective zone of a row of plants, loosening the soil and cutting weeds in the row-spacings with lancet paws and razor-paws, after which additionally and simultaneously crushing the top soil layer, combing the weeds and leveling the row-spacing surface with harrowing is carried out.