RU21400U1 - CONSTRUCTION OVER THE INTERSECTION OF TRANSPORT HIGHWAYS - Google Patents

Description

WEAPONS OVER THE CROSSING OF TRANSPORT

HIGHWAYS.

The proposed technical solution relates to the construction of buildings or structures for various purposes, organically connected with the construction of transnational interchanges and constructed at the intersections of at least two-level transport routes.

It is known that in connection with intensive road construction, especially in megalopolises, the so-called alienated territories appear in the road zones - they are small in size; adi plots of land located in the highway construction zone are usually inaccessible due to their formation inside - out

bounded along the perimeters by exits or entrances from highways (see S.N. Kornev, Design and construction of steel-reinforced concrete span structures for overpasses of directional exits at the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road and Gorkovsky and Yaroslavl Highways. Bulletin of Bridge Construction, No. 1-2, 1999, with .11,14,17). Such inaccessible alienated territories exist at almost any intersection of highways (see also N. A. Nolish; uk, Current status and problems of scientific support of transport

construction, Transport construction No. 12, 1999, p. 4-6) however, to date, they have not found any effective use. At the same time, the flow of automobile transit transport has increased significantly, part of which for one reason or another enters the cities of the cities, significantly worsening the environmental situation in them. The flow of automobile transport is also great, we shuttle shuttle; its border is a city of a megalopolis for the purchase of various goods and has grown, ayup; they are then transported to the region. At the same time, the administration of any city needs to solve the issue of allocating land for the placement of infrastructure facilities in the city territory - parking lots, shopping malls, car maintenance complexes, helicopter landing sites, ambulance stations and cleaning equipment bases. All these objects require the allocation of large areas, should be removed from residential buildings and evenly distributed, for example, around the perimeter of the city territory.

Abroad, attempts were made to solve this problem, however, they mainly concerned the design of traffic intersections at two levels with the organization of unhindered traffic and pedestrians (US No. 5807020, MKI E 01C 1/00, 1998) or the organization of parking lots over the existing highway for road transport and related infrastructure (US No. 3562984, NKI 52-175, 1971).

The closest known construction (but having a different functional purpose) is the construction of the structure at the intersection of roads, including a horizontal crossing platform located above the carriageway, and inclined platforms for pedestrians from the sidewalks of the road to and from the horizontal crossing platform, the horizontal crossing platform is made in the form of a ceiling, mounted above the intersection at a height safe for the movement of vehicles under it, on supports installed on

lines of separation of traffic flows on the roadway, at the intersections of these lines and at the corners of sidewalks of the intersection and supported on buried foundations, and inclined platforms for moving pedestrians to and from the horizontal platform of the crosswalk are installed at the corners of sidewalks of the intersection, in addition, inclined platforms for moving pedestrians on the horizontal platform of the passage and from it are equipped with escalators and external fences, and a building was erected on the ceiling, the first floor of which is designed for movement and maintenance pedestrians, and the remaining floors for use for various purposes (RU No. 2078169, E 01D 1/00, 1997).

The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of land use in the area of road interchanges, a significant reduction in the intensity of road traffic in megalopolises due to the erection of buildings or structures for various purposes within the intersection of roads and placement of infrastructure in them, eliminating the need to use mainly personal vehicles for entry into megalopolises.

This is achieved by the fact that in a structure above the intersection of transport highways having a span for one of the transport highways, the entrance and exit and including the structural supports, the ceiling and, preferably, the enclosing structures and the roof, the structural supports are installed on foundations located in the land exclusion zone under highways within the area limited in plan along the perimeter by at least one entrance and / or exit, or entrance and / or exit and a highway or superstructure. In this case, the overlap can be located above the highway and / or above the exit from the highway not lower than the level of the beams of the superstructure installed above the transport highway. And the overlap, by

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at least one floor of the structure, in terms of repeating, at least on part of its perimeter, the outline of the entrance and / or exit from the transport highway or at least partially located above one of them and / or above the transport highway. In addition, on the floor of the lower or higher floors, the building is located in the form of separate buildings, separated by, preferably around the buildings, carriageway and / or parking lots. The building can be made tapering up, mainly in the form of a part of a sphere or truncated - conical or pyramidal shape. The overlap or part of it, at least one of the floors may be located above the highway and / or the entrance or exit from the highway. The building can be made of at least two parts, each of which is located on the corresponding area of the land exclusion zone, limited along the perimeter by at least one entrance or exit from the transport highway, and the parts of the building are interconnected by pedestrian crossings and / or corridors for travel vehicles or form a single building. Also, the building can be made of at least two parts, the supports of each of which are located on the corresponding area of the land exclusion zone, and the parts of the building are interconnected by car parks located at least at the level of its first floor, or by car parks . At the same time, on the floor or on the floor of the floor corresponding to the level of entry into the building, a parking lot has been formed. It is advisable to place on the ceiling or over the ceiling of the upper floor of the helipad.

 Pa figure 1 presents a diagram of a typical traffic junction with the designation of the used zone of land alienation;

 Figure 2 presents the layout of the structure installed on poles located in the specified zone of land alienation and erected over the intersection of transport highways.

The construction at the intersection of highways can be a car park, hotel, multi-use building, interchange hub or bus station, etc. The structure is located above the intersection of transport highways 1 and 2, having a span 3 for one of the transport arteries, entrance 4 and exit 5 and including structural supports 6, floors 7 and, preferably, enclosing structures and a roof (not shown). The supports 6 of the structure are installed on foundations located in zone 8 of the land alienation under the transport lines inside the area limited in plan along the perimeter by at least one entrance and / or exit, or the entrance and / or exit and the highway or superstructure. In this case, the overlap is located above the highway and / or above the exit from the highway not lower than the level of the beams of the superstructure installed above the transport highway. And the overlap of at least one floor of the structure, in the plan, can repeat, at least on the part of its perimeter, the outline of the entrance and / or exit from the transport highway or, at least, partially located above one of them and / or above transport line. In addition, on the floor of the lower or higher floors, a building can be placed in the form of separate buildings, separated by, preferably along the perimeter of the buildings, carriageway and / or car parks. The overlap or part of it, at least one of the floors may be located above the highway and / or the entrance or exit from the highway. The building can be made of at least two parts, each of which is located on the corresponding area of the land alienation zone.

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limited along the perimeter by at least one entrance or exit from the highway, and parts of the building are interconnected by pedestrian crossings and / or corridors for passage of vehicles or a single building. Also, the building can be made of at least two parts, the supports of each of which are located on the corresponding area of the land exclusion zone, and the parts of the building are interconnected by car parks located at least at the level of its first floor, or by car parks . At the same time, on the floor or on the floor of the floor corresponding to the level of entry into the building, a parking lot has been formed. It is advisable to place on the ceiling or over the ceiling of the upper floor of the helipad.

Claims (10)

1. A structure above the intersection of transport highways, having a span for one of the transport highways, an entry and exit, and including structure supports, overlapping and, preferably, enclosing structures and roofs, while the structure supports are installed on foundations located in the land exclusion zone for transport highways within the area limited in plan along the perimeter by at least one exit and / or exit or entrance and / or exit and a highway or a superstructure.  2. The construction above the intersection of the transport routes according to claim 1, in which the overlap is located above the highway and / or over the exit from the highway at least the level of the beams of the superstructure installed above the transport highway.  3. The construction above the intersection of the transport routes according to claim 1 or 2, in which the overlap of at least one of its floors in the plan repeats, at least in part of its perimeter, the outline of the entrance and / or exit from the transport highway or, according to at least partially located above one of them and / or above the highway.  4. The construction of the intersection of highways according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which on the floor of the lower or higher floors the building is located in the form of separate buildings, separated by, preferably located along the perimeter of the buildings, carriageway and / or parking lots.  5. Construction over the intersection of highways according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, in which the building is made tapering up, mainly in the form of a part of a sphere or a truncated conical or pyramidal shape.  6. Construction on the intersection of highways according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, in which the overlap or part of at least one of the floors is located above the highway and / or the entrance or exit from the highway.  7. Construction over the intersection of highways according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, comprising a building made of at least two parts, each of which is located on the corresponding area of the land exclusion zone, limited along the perimeter by at least one entrance or exit from the highway, and the parts of the building are interconnected pedestrian crossings and / or corridors for travel or form a single building.  8. The construction of the intersection of highways according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, including a building made of at least two parts, the supports of each of which are located on the corresponding area of the land exclusion zone, and the parts of the building are interconnected by car parks located at least at the level of its first floor, or parking.  9. The construction of the intersection of highways according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, in which a parking lot is formed on the floor or on the floor of the floor corresponding to the level of entry into the building. 10. Construction over the intersection of highways according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in which a helipad is built on the ceiling or over the ceiling of the upper floor.