RU2018103067A - Каталитический фильтр с проточными стенками, снабженный мембраной - Google Patents

Каталитический фильтр с проточными стенками, снабженный мембраной Download PDF

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RU2018103067A
RU2018103067A RU2018103067A RU2018103067A RU2018103067A RU 2018103067 A RU2018103067 A RU 2018103067A RU 2018103067 A RU2018103067 A RU 2018103067A RU 2018103067 A RU2018103067 A RU 2018103067A RU 2018103067 A RU2018103067 A RU 2018103067A
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channels
catalytic
longitudinal direction
monolith
porous substrate
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RU2018103067A
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RU2706315C2 (ru
RU2018103067A3 (ru
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Гай Ричард ЧЭНДЛЕР
Пол Ричард ФИЛЛИПС
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Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2825—Ceramics
    • F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
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    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/50—Zeolites
    • B01D2255/502—Beta zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/50—Zeolites
    • B01D2255/504—ZSM 5 zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/915—Catalyst supported on particulate filters
    • B01D2255/9155—Wall flow filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/92—Dimensions
    • B01D2255/9202—Linear dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/10—Catalysts being present on the surface of the membrane or in the pores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
    • B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
    • B01J2229/186—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself not in framework positions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/40—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a hydrolysis catalyst
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/48—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the number of flow passages, e.g. cell density
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/60—Discontinuous, uneven properties of filter material, e.g. different material thickness along the longitudinal direction; Higher filter capacity upstream than downstream in same housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
    • F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Claims (33)

1. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками, предназначенный для использования в системе обработки выбросов,
при этом монолит включает пористую подложку и имеет первую сторону и вторую сторону, определяющие продольное направление между ними, и первое и второе множества каналов, проходящих в продольном направлении,
при этом первое множество каналов обеспечивает первое множество внутренних поверхностей и открыто с первой стороны и закрыто со второй стороны, и при этом второе множество каналов открыто со второй стороны и закрыто с первой стороны,
при этом первый каталитический материал распределен в пористой подложке,
при этом микропористая мембрана предусмотрена в первом множестве каналов на первой части, проходящей в продольном направлении первого множества внутренних поверхностей, и
при этом первая часть проходит от первой стороны на 75-95% длины первого множества каналов.
2. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по п. 1, в котором первая часть проходит от 80 до 90% длины первого множества каналов.
3. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по п. 1 или 2, в котором толщина микропористой мембраны уменьшается в продольном направлении так, что наибольшая толщина соответствует области, вблизи первой стороны.
4. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором пористая подложка имеет первую часть, проходящую в продольном направлении от первой стороны, и вторую часть, проходящую в продольном направлении от второй стороны и проходящую к первой части, и причем первый каталитический материал распределен по второй части.
5. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по п. 4, в котором отношение длины первой части в продольном направлении к длине второй части в продольном направлении составляет от 5:95 до 15:85.
6. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками, предназначенный для использования в системе обработки выбросов,
при этом монолит содержит пористую подложку и имеет первую сторону и вторую сторону, определяющие продольное направление между ними, и первое и второе множества каналов, проходящих в продольном направлении,
при этом первое множество каналов обеспечивает первое множество внутренних поверхностей и открыто с первой стороны и закрыто со второй стороны, и при этом второе множество каналов открыто со второй стороны и закрыто с первой стороны,
при этом первый каталитический материал распределен в пористой подложке,
при этом микропористая мембрана предусмотрена в первом множестве каналов, и покрывает первое множество внутренних поверхностей, и
при этом толщина микропористой мембраны увеличивается в продольном направлении так, что наибольшая толщина соответствует области вблизи закрытой второй стороны.
7. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по п. 6, в котором толщина микропористой мембраны в области вблизи закрытой второй стороны такова, что при использовании противодавление в ней, по меньшей мере, на 20% больше, чем противодавление в области вблизи первой стороны.
8. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором микропористая мембрана содержит второй каталитический материал, отличный от первого каталитического материала, предпочтительно, катализатор, ускоряющий горение сажи.
9. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по любому из предшествующих пунктов, дополнительно включающий покрытие на микропористой мембране для улавливания золы, при этом покрытие, предпочтительно, включает оксид церия.
10. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по любому из предшествующих пунктов, дополнительно включающий покрытие на микропористой мембране для каталитического гидролиза мочевины.
11. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором средняя толщина микропористой мембраны составляет, самое большее, 80 мкм, предпочтительно, от 20 до 60 мкм.
12. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором каталитический материал, распределенный в пористой подложке, выбран из узкопористых цеолитов, выбранных из структурных семейств CHA, LEV, ERI, DDR, KFI, EAB, PAU, MER, AEI, GOO, YUG, GIS, VNI и AFT.
13. Система для обработки выбросов, предназначенная для обработки выхлопного газа сгорания, при этом система включает каталитический монолит с проточными стенками по любому из предшествующих пунктов, при этом вторая сторона находится ниже по потоку от первой стороны.
14. Способ изготовления каталитического монолита с проточными стенками по любому из предшествующих пунктов, при этом способ включает стадии на которых:
обеспечивают пористую подложку, имеющую первую сторону и вторую сторону, определяющие продольное направление между ними, и первое и второе множества каналов, проходящих в продольном направлении, при этом первое множество каналов открыто с первой стороны и закрыто со второй стороны, при этом второе множество каналов открыто со второй стороны и закрыто с первой стороны, при этом первое множество каналов обеспечивает первое множество внутренних поверхностей, и при этом второе множество каналов обеспечивает второе множество внутренних поверхностей;
пропитывают пористую подложку покрытием, содержащим первый каталитический материал, так, что первый каталитический материал распределяется в пористой подложке; и
формируют микропористую мембрану на первом множестве внутренних поверхностей.
15. Способ обработки потока выхлопного газа сгорания, содержащего NOx и материал в виде частиц, при этом поток выхлопного газа пропускают через монолит по любому из пп. 1-13, при этом вторая сторона находится ниже по потоку от первой стороны.
16. Каталитический монолит с проточными стенками, предназначенный для использования в системе обработки выбросов,
при этом монолит включает пористую подложку и имеет первую сторону и вторую сторону, определяющие продольное направление между ними, и первое и второе множества каналов, проходящих в продольном направлении,
при этом первое множество каналов обеспечивает первое множество внутренних поверхностей, открыто с первой стороны и закрыто со второй стороны, и при этом второе множество каналов открыто со второй стороны и закрыто с первой стороны,
при этом первый каталитический материал распределен в пористой подложке от первой стороны на 75-95% длины первого множества каналов,
при этом микропористая мембрана расположена на пористой подложке вдоль длины первого и/или второго множества каналов.
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RU2706315C2 (ru) 2019-11-15
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GB2542654B (en) 2019-12-04
CN107921367A (zh) 2018-04-17
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US20160375429A1 (en) 2016-12-29
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