RU2016146478A - Альтернативная деталь наружной отделки - Google Patents

Альтернативная деталь наружной отделки Download PDF

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RU2016146478A
RU2016146478A RU2016146478A RU2016146478A RU2016146478A RU 2016146478 A RU2016146478 A RU 2016146478A RU 2016146478 A RU2016146478 A RU 2016146478A RU 2016146478 A RU2016146478 A RU 2016146478A RU 2016146478 A RU2016146478 A RU 2016146478A
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exterior
staple fibers
detail
polymer
fibrous porous
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RU2016146478A
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RU2016146478A3 (ru
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Фабьен БОДРИ
Венцель КРАУЗЕ
Лука МАРОТТА
Кристофер НОАКЕС
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Аутонойм Менеджмент Аг
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • B62D29/041—Understructures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
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    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
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    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
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    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Claims (25)

1. Деталь (1) наружной отделки для транспортного средства, имеющая волокнистый пористый структурный слой (2), состоящий из штапельных волокон, причем, по меньшей мере, 50%, предпочтительно, от 70% до 100%, штапельных волокон содержат первый полимер, который представляет собой модифицированный сложный полиэфир, такой как CoPET, у которого температура плавления составляет от 150°C до 240°C, предпочтительно, от 190°C до 240°C.
2. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 1, в которой первый полимер образует оболочки, по меньшей мере, 50%, предпочтительно, от 70% до 100%, штапельных волокон.
3. Деталь наружной отделки по п. 1 или 2, в которой, по меньшей мере, 50%, предпочтительно от 70% до 100%, штапельных волокон содержат второй полимер, представляющий собой PET, у которого температура плавления составляет, по меньшей мере, 240°C, причем второй полимер предпочтительно образует сердцевины штапельных волокон.
4. Деталь наружной отделки по п. 1 или 2, в которой вплоть до 50% штапельных волокон составляет PET, температура плавления которого составляет, по меньшей мере, 240°C.
5. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 1 или 2, в которой волокнистый пористый структурный слой (2) включает, по меньшей мере, 50%, предпочтительно от 70% до 100%, первых двухкомпонентных штапельных волокон, оболочки которых составляет первый полимер, а сердцевины - второй полимер.
6. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 1 или 2, в которой, по меньшей мере, 10%, предпочтительно от 20% до 60%, штапельных волокон, включающих первый полимер, составляет первый полимер.
7. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 5, в которой некоторую, предпочтительно - остальную, часть штапельных волокон волокнистого пористого структурного слоя (2) составляет второй полимер, или они представляют собой первые двухкомпонентные штапельные волокна.
8. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 1 или 2, в которой волокнистый пористый структурный слой (2) содержит:
a) упомянутые первые двухкомпонентные штапельные волокна, и
b) вторые двухкомпонентные штапельные волокна, температура плавления оболочек которых составляет, по меньшей мере, на 20°C меньше температуры плавления оболочек первых двухкомпонентных штапельных волокон,
причем первые и вторые двухкомпонентные штапельные волокна составляют, по меньшей мере, 15%, предпочтительно, от 20% до 40%, волокнистого пористого структурного слоя (2), и предпочтительно штапельные волокна составляет второй полимер.
9. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п.1 или 2, включающая, по меньшей мере, один перфорированный пленочный слой (3), который составляет термопластический полиуретан, температура плавления которого согласно дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии (ДСК) составляет, по меньшей мере, 140°C, и к которому физически присоединяется волокнистый пористый структурный слой (2).
10. Деталь наружной отделки по п. 9, в которой основу термопластической полиуретановой пленки составляет простой полиэфир или сложный полиэфир.
11. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 1 или 2, предпочтительно по п. 10 или 11, имеющая полную толщину, составляющую от 1,5 до 10 мм, и аэродинамическое сопротивление (АДС) в направлении толщины, составляющее от 1000 до 4500 Н⋅с/м3.
12. Деталь наружной отделки по п. 9, в которой пленка является лишь частично перфорированной.
13. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 9, в которой пленочный слой (3) является не перфорированным, но воздухопроницаемым.
14. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 9, в которой к сетчатому слою (4), в частности, физически, присоединяется пленочный слой (3).
15. Деталь (1) наружной отделки для транспортного средства, имеющая волокнистый пористый структурный слой (2), состоящий из штапельных волокон, причем, по меньшей мере, 15%, предпочтительно, от 20% до 40%, штапельных волокон состоят из первого полимера, представляющего собой модифицированный сложный полиэфир, такой как CoPET, температура плавления которого составляет от 150°C до 240°C, предпочтительно, от 190°C до 240°C, при этом остальная часть штапельных волокон волокнистого пористого структурного слоя (2) состоит из второго полимера, представляющего собой PET, температура плавления которого составляет, по меньшей мере, 240°C.
16. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 15, включающая, по меньшей мере, один перфорированный пленочный слой (3), который составляет термопластический полиуретан, температура плавления которого согласно дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии (ДСК) составляет, по меньшей мере, 140°C, и к которому физически присоединяется волокнистый пористый структурный слой (2).
17. Деталь наружной отделки по п. 16, в которой основу термопластической полиуретановой пленки составляет простой полиэфир или сложный полиэфир.
18. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 15 или 16, предпочтительно по п. 10 или 11, имеющая полную толщину, составляющую от 1,5 до 10 мм, и аэродинамическое сопротивление (АДС) в направлении толщины, составляющее от 1000 до 4500 Н⋅с/м3.
19. Деталь наружной отделки по п. 16, в которой пленка является лишь частично перфорированной.
20. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 16, в которой пленочный слой (3) является не перфорированным, но воздухопроницаемым.
21. Деталь (1) наружной отделки по п. 16, в которой к сетчатому слою (4), в частности, физически, присоединяется пленочный слой (3).
22. Применение детали (1) наружной отделки по любому из пп. 1-21 в качестве крышки отсека двигателя, верхней, боковой или нижней крышки двигателя, крышки поддона картера, нижней части картера двигателя, противопожарной перегородки, по меньшей мере, частично закрывающейся наружной приборной панели, воздуховодной панели за охладителем отсека двигателя или нижней кузовной панели транспортного средства, наружного подкрыльника, шумопоглощающей панели или детали наружной отделки автомобиля.
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