RU2016128919A - Полимерная пена - Google Patents

Полимерная пена Download PDF

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RU2016128919A
RU2016128919A RU2016128919A RU2016128919A RU2016128919A RU 2016128919 A RU2016128919 A RU 2016128919A RU 2016128919 A RU2016128919 A RU 2016128919A RU 2016128919 A RU2016128919 A RU 2016128919A RU 2016128919 A RU2016128919 A RU 2016128919A
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polymer
formula
paragraphs
agent
composition
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RU2016128919A
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Ян-Эрик ВЕГНЕР
Патриция ШОЛЬЦ
Хендрик КАМЛЕР
III Франк Уильям НОЙБЕР
Кирк Дж. ДЖЕЙКОБС
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Клариант Интернэшнл Лтд
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Claims (36)

1. Композиция для приготовления полимерной пены и, в частности, композиция маточной смеси, содержащая
(i) по меньшей мере по существу аморфную полимерную смолу, выбранную из группы, состоящей из полиметилметакрилата, полихлорвинила, полистирола, сополимеров полистирола, поликарбоната, полисульфона, полиэфирсульфона, поли(п-фениленового эфира), гликоль-модифицированного полиэтилентерефталата и их смесей;
(ii) зародышеобразующий агент формулы (1)
Figure 00000001
в которой
X, Y и Z независимо друг от друга обозначают группы -CONHR или -NHCOR, в которых каждый R независимым образом выбирается из группы, состоящей из изопропила, трет-бутила, 3-пентила, неопентила, изопентила, фенила, 4-метилфенила, 3,4-диметилфенила, 3,5-диметилфенила, циклопентила, циклогексила и 1-адамантантила,
и в которой три свободных положения в бензольном кольце А являются незамещенными или замещенными метилом.
2. Композиция по п. 1, в котором зародышеобразователь выбирается из группы, состоящей из производного 1,3,5-бензолтрикарбоновой кислоты формулы (I), производного 5-аминоизофталевой кислоты формулы (II), производного 3,5-диаминобензойной кислоты формулы (III), 1,3,5-бензолтрисамида формулы (IV), 2,4,6-триметил-1,3,5-бензолтрисамида формулы (V) и их смесей,
Figure 00000002
Figure 00000003
Figure 00000004
Figure 00000005
Figure 00000006
в которых
R1, R2 и R3 независимо друг от друга выбираются из группы, состоящей из изопропила, трет-бутила, 3-пентила, неопентила, изопентила, фенила, 4-метилфенила, 3,4-диметилфенила, 3,5-диметилфенила, циклопентила, циклогексила и 1-адамантантила.
3. Композиция по п. 2, отличающаяся тем, что R1, R2 и R3 являются трет-бутилом.
4. Композиция по п. 2, отличающаяся тем, что зародышеобразователь является 1,3,5-бензолтрисамидома формулы (IV).
5. Композиция по одному из пп. 1-4, отличающаяся тем, что полимерная смола содержит по меньшей мере 80 мас. % по меньшей мере по существу аморфного полистирола, более предпочтительно по меньшей мере 90 мас. % по меньшей мере по существу аморфного полистирола, наиболее предпочтительно по меньшей мере 95 мас. % по меньшей мере по существу аморфного полистирола.
6. Композиция по п. 5, отличающаяся тем, что по меньшей мере часть по меньшей мере по существу аморфного полистирола представлена рециклированным полистиролом.
7. Композиция по одному из пп. 1-4, отличающаяся тем, что она содержит пенообразователь, предпочтительно неуглеводородный пенообразователь, органический пенообразователь, и/или химический пенообразователь, при этом данный пенообразователь более предпочтительно выбирается из группы, состоящей из СО2, н-бутана, изобутана, этанола, изопропанола, диметилового эфира, лимонной кислоты, бикарбоната натрия и их смесей.
8. Вспененное полимерное изделие, содержащее (i) от 80 до 98,99 мас. % по меньшей мере по существу аморфного полимера, (ii) от 0,01 до 0,5 мас. % зародышеобразователя формулы (1), (iii) от 1 до 10 мас. % неуглеводородного и/или органического пенообразователя и (iv) от 0 до 18,99 мас. % дополнительных добавок, в котором (i) и (ii) являются такими, как определено в любом из пп. 1-6.
9. Вспененное полимерное изделие по п. 8, отличающееся тем, что оно готовится из композиции по любому из пп. 1-7.
10. Вспененное полимерное изделие по.п. 8 или 9, отличающиеся тем, что оно имеет средний размер пор менее 100 мкм.
11. Вспененное полимерное изделие по п. 8 или 9, в котором вспененное полимерное изделие имеет плотность 10-65 кг/м3.
12. Способ приготовления вспененного полимерного изделия по любому из пп. 8-11, содержащий этапы
(а) добавления зародышеобразователя формулы (1) и, необязательно, дополнительной добавки, предпочтительно химического пенообразователя, ингибитора горения, неорганического зародышеобразователя, стабилизатора пены, пластификатора и/или красителя к по меньшей мере по существу аморфному полимеру для получения полимерной композиции;
(b) плавления полимерной композиции, полученной на этапе (а), для получения полимерного расплава; и
(c) экструдирования полимерного расплава с этапа (b) в экструдере в присутствии пенообразователя;
(d) охлаждения полимерного расплава и образования вспененного полимерного изделия.
13. Способ приготовления вспененного полимерного изделия по любому из пп. 8-11, содержащий этапы
(a) предварительного смешивания зародышеобразователя формулы (1) и, необязательно, дополнительных добавок с по меньшей мере по существу аморфной полимерной смолой для получения полимерной композиции;
(b) нагревания полимерной композиции, полученной на этапе (а), до температуры, превышающей температуру плавления полимера, с целью получения полимерного расплава;
(c) добавления неуглеводородного пенообразователя и/или одного либо нескольких органических пенообразователей к полимерному расплаву;
(d) гомогенизации смеси, полученной на этапе (с), и растворения неуглеводородного пенообразователя и/или одного либо нескольких органических пенообразователей в полимерном расплаве; и
(e) экструдирования гомогенизированной смеси и охлаждения ее в экструдере для образования полимерного изделия посредством сброса давления в экструзионной головке до величин, соответствующих окружающему давлению или давлению ниже давления окружающей среды.
14. Применение вспененного полимерного изделия по любому из пп. 8-11 в качестве теплоизолирующей плиты, декоративного изделия, упаковочного материала для пищевых продуктов или электроники, либо в деталях автомобилей.
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