RU2010144034A - Усовершенствованные композитные материалы - Google Patents

Усовершенствованные композитные материалы Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2010144034A
RU2010144034A RU2010144034/05A RU2010144034A RU2010144034A RU 2010144034 A RU2010144034 A RU 2010144034A RU 2010144034/05 A RU2010144034/05 A RU 2010144034/05A RU 2010144034 A RU2010144034 A RU 2010144034A RU 2010144034 A RU2010144034 A RU 2010144034A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
composite material
material according
metal
coated
conductive particles
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RU2010144034/05A
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English (en)
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RU2496645C2 (ru
Inventor
Мартин СИММОНС (GB)
Мартин СИММОНС
Джон Лесли КОЗ (GB)
Джон Лесли КОЗ
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Хексел Композитс Лимитед (Gb)
Хексел Композитс Лимитед
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Abstract

1. Композитный материал, включающий: ! i) препрег, включающий, по меньшей мере, одну полимерную смолу и, по меньшей мере, один электропроводящий волокнистый упрочнитель; ! ii) электропроводящие частицы, диспергированные в полимерной смоле; и ! iii) верхний слой из покрытого металлом углеродного волокна, включающий дополнительный смоляной компонент, в котором металл представляет собой один или более металлов, выбранных из никеля, меди, золота, платины, палладия, индия и серебра. ! 2. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором углеродное волокно покрыто никелем в комбинации с одним или более металлами, выбранными из меди, золота, платины, палладия, индия и серебра. ! 3. Композитный материал по п.2, в котором углеродное волокно покрыто никелем в комбинации с медью. ! 4. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором углеродное волокно включает нетканое углеродное волокно. ! 5. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором, по меньшей мере, одна полимерная смола и/или дополнительный смоляной компонент независимо друг от друга включают, по меньшей мере, одну термоосажденную или термопластичную смолу, при этом полимерная смола и дополнительный смоляной компонент могут быть одинаковыми или различными. ! 6. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором электропроводящие частицы включают покрытые металлом электропроводящие частицы или неметаллические электропроводящие частицы. ! 7. Композитный материал по п.6, в котором покрытые металлом электропроводящие частицы содержат центральные частицы сердцевины, по существу покрытые металлом. ! 8. Композитный материал по п.6 или 7, в котором металлы, подходящие для покрытия центральных частиц, включают серебро, золото, н

Claims (30)

1. Композитный материал, включающий:
i) препрег, включающий, по меньшей мере, одну полимерную смолу и, по меньшей мере, один электропроводящий волокнистый упрочнитель;
ii) электропроводящие частицы, диспергированные в полимерной смоле; и
iii) верхний слой из покрытого металлом углеродного волокна, включающий дополнительный смоляной компонент, в котором металл представляет собой один или более металлов, выбранных из никеля, меди, золота, платины, палладия, индия и серебра.
2. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором углеродное волокно покрыто никелем в комбинации с одним или более металлами, выбранными из меди, золота, платины, палладия, индия и серебра.
3. Композитный материал по п.2, в котором углеродное волокно покрыто никелем в комбинации с медью.
4. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором углеродное волокно включает нетканое углеродное волокно.
5. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором, по меньшей мере, одна полимерная смола и/или дополнительный смоляной компонент независимо друг от друга включают, по меньшей мере, одну термоосажденную или термопластичную смолу, при этом полимерная смола и дополнительный смоляной компонент могут быть одинаковыми или различными.
6. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором электропроводящие частицы включают покрытые металлом электропроводящие частицы или неметаллические электропроводящие частицы.
7. Композитный материал по п.6, в котором покрытые металлом электропроводящие частицы содержат центральные частицы сердцевины, по существу покрытые металлом.
8. Композитный материал по п.6 или 7, в котором металлы, подходящие для покрытия центральных частиц, включают серебро, золото, никель, медь, олово, алюминий, платину или палладий.
9. Композитный материал по п.6, в котором для нанесения покрытия на центральные частицы используют несколько слоев металлических покрытий.
10. Композитный материал по п.6, в котором отношение ширины к толщине покрытых металлом электропроводящих частиц составляет <100.
11. Композитный материал по п.6, в котором около 90% покрытых металлом электропроводящих частиц и/или неметаллических электропроводящих частиц имеют размер, составляющий от приблизительно 0,3 мкм до приблизительно 100 мкм.
12. Композитный материал по п.7, в котором частицы сердцевины выбирают из полимера, резины, керамики, стекла, минерала или огнеупорного материала.
13. Композитный материал по п.12, в котором центральные частицы являются пористыми, полыми или имеют сердцевинно-оболочечную структуру.
14. Композитный материал по п.6, в котором электрическое сопротивление металлического покрытия составляет менее 3×10-5 Ом·м.
15. Композитный материал по п.6, в котором неметаллические проводящие частицы выбраны из графитовых чешуек, графитовых порошков, графитовых частиц, графеновых листов, фуллеренов, углеродной сажи, собственно проводящих полимеров, комплексов с переносом заряда или любой их комбинации.
16. Композитный материал по п.1, где композитный материал дополнительно включает углеродные наноматериалы.
17. Композитный материал по п.16, в котором углеродные наноматериалы выбраны из углеродных нановолокон, углеродных нанотрубок или их комбинации.
18. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором электропроводящие частицы присутствуют в интервале от приблизительно 0,4% об. до приблизительно 15% об. от объема композитного материала.
19. Композитный материал по п.1, в котором волокнистый упрочнитель выбран из гибридных или смешанных волокнистых систем, включающих синтетические или натуральные волокна либо их комбинацию.
20. Композитный материал по п.19, в котором волокнистый упрочнитель выбран из металлизированного стекла, углерода, графита или металлизированных полимерных волокон.
21. Композитный материал по п.1, где композитный материал включает, по меньшей мере, один отверждающий агент.
22. Композитный материал по п.21, в котором отверждающий агент представляет собой 4,4'-диаминодифенилсульфон (4,4'-DDS) или 3,3'-диаминодифенилсульфон (3,3'-DDS).
23. Композитный материал по п.1, где композитный материал включает дополнительные ингредиенты, выбранные из пластификаторов, упрочняющих агентов/частиц, дополнительных ускорителей, смол для оболочек сердцевин, антипиренов, смачивающих агентов, пигментов/красителей, мягчителей, поглотителей УФ, фунгицидных соединений, наполнителей, модификаторов вязкости/регуляторов потока, повышающих клейкость веществ, стабилизаторов, ингибиторов либо сочетания любых двух или более из них.
24. Композитный материал по п.23, в котором упрочняющие агенты/частицы могут включать любые из следующих соединений, по отдельности или в комбинации: полиамиды, сополиамиды, полиимиды, арамиды, поликетоны, полиэфирэфиркетоны, простые полиариленовые эфиры, сложные полиэфиры, полиуретаны, полисульфоны, углеводородные полимеры с высокими технологическими показателями, жидкокристаллические полимеры, ПТФЭ, эластомеры и сегментированные эластомеры.
25. Способ получения композитного материала, включающий:
i) получение препрега, включающего, по меньшей мере, одну полимерную смолу и, по меньшей мере, один электропроводящий, волокнистый упрочнитель;
ii) диспергирование электропроводящих частиц в полимерной смоле; и
iii) нанесение верхнего слоя из покрытого металлом углеродного волокна, включающего дополнительный смоляной компонент, в котором металл включает один или более металлов, выбранных из никеля, меди, золота, платины, палладия, индия и серебра.
26. Способ по п.25, в котором, по меньшей мере, одна полимерная смола обладает первоначальным объемным удельным сопротивлением, и в котором стадия диспергирования электропроводящих частиц в полимерной смоле снижает объемное удельное сопротивление полимерной смолы ниже первоначального объемного удельного сопротивления.
27. Способ получения отвержденного композитного материала, включающий стадии (i)-(iii) по п.25 и последующее отверждение композитного материала.
28. Отвержденный композитный материал, содержащий композитный материал по любому из пп.1-24, где композитный материал подвергают отверждению.
29. Деталь авиационно-космического назначения, включающая отвержденный композитный материал по п.28.
30. Способ получения детали авиационно-космического назначения, сформированной из отвержденного композитного материала, включающий следующие стадии:
- получение отвержденного композитного материала согласно способу по п.27; и
- использование отвержденного композитного материала для получения детали авиационно-космического назначения.
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