RU195920U1 - Glass simulator for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

Utility model A simulator-glass for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic belongs to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group exercises to simultaneously restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions etiology. A useful model contains a plastic case (1), consisting of a square bottom and four identical rectangular lateral faces; in this case, on the outer surfaces of the side faces and the bottom of the body (1), the same square cell-recesses (2) are made, which are located on the surface of each side face in the same vertical rows, and on the surface of the bottom of the body (1) the cell-recesses (2) are arranged in rows , which are a continuation of the vertical rows of cells-recesses (2) of the side faces, while the cells-recesses (2) are separated from each other and from the edges of the housing (1) by beads (3) of the same width, and along the perimeter of the upper part of the housing (1) the bezel (4) is located. Thus, the simulator-cup is a new original device that allows conducting group exercises to simultaneously restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. The claimed simulator-cup brings into the process of rehabilitation exercises with patients, an element of novelty, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group exercises to simultaneously restore motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

Important for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization used during classes with patients who have disorders of various mental and motor functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of social factors, is a group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental and motor functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic.

Group classes allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to the specialist in group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

Thus, the use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration of various mental functions, including intellectual activity, as well as motor functions, including motor functions of the hands of patients in a neurological clinic.

In domestic psychology, intellectual activity or thinking is considered as a specific, but complex mental activity, which has its own structure and functions (L.S. Tsvetkova, Neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients. Speech and intellectual activity, Moscow: Publishing House of the Moscow Pedagogical Institute, Voronezh: Modek, 2004 , p. 317).

Intellectual activity may be impaired in organic brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases associated primarily with damage to the tertiary parieto-temporal-occipital or frontal parts of the cerebral cortex.

One of the common methods used for group sessions on the restoration of intellectual activity is the traditional game “Tic-Tac-Toe,” which ensures that patients are included in the process of solving various problems that arise during the course of game activity.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device “Gaming simulator-cube for group exercises to restore intellectual activity and motor functions of the hands in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 187759 U1 of 03/18/2019).

Structurally, this device is a plastic casing in the shape of a cube, on two opposite vertices of which there are pens, and on each side of the casing there are square recess cells that form a single playing field for playing Tic Tac Toe.

During classes with this device, one of the patients, holding it by one of the pens, writes the image of a “cross” in one of the recess cells with a water marker, after which the other patient, holding it in the same way, writes the image of the “toe” into another cell - deepening, etc.

In this case, patients, in order to be able to see the playing field and enter the corresponding icons in the cell-recesses, are forced to carry out various movements (turns, tilts, rotation) with the hand holding the device, which contribute to the restoration of the motor functions of the hand.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Training simulator for group exercises for restoring the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 189165 U1 of 05.15.2019).

Structurally, this device is a plastic mug of cylindrical shape, on the side surface of which are located square cells-recesses that form the playing field for the game "Tic-tac-toe."

The process of training with this device is generally similar to the process of training with the “Game simulator-cube for group exercises for restoring intellectual activity and motor functions of the hands in patients of a neurological clinic” discussed above.

However, prolonged work with each of these devices leads to addiction in patients and a decrease in interest in classes, which helps to reduce the effectiveness of rehabilitation education.

Therefore, in order to increase the variety of devices for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity, ensuring the interest of patients in the process of rehabilitation exercises, a "Glass simulator for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic" ( hereinafter referred to as the "simulator-glass").

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting classes aimed at the simultaneous restoration of motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity;

b) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of rehabilitation classes through the use of an original gaming device in the form of a tetrahedral glass;

c) providing the possibility of holding the "simulator-glass" in various ways, contributing to an increase in the variety of movements performed;

d) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the fact that the cells are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

d) the simplicity of the design of the "simulator-glass", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the arsenal of devices designed for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity, provided by the structural elements of the claimed "simulator-glass", allowing group exercises to simultaneously restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity with a wide the contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hands

This technical result is provided due to the fact that the "simulator-glass" contains a body made of plastic, consisting of a square bottom and four identical rectangular side faces; in this case, on the outer surfaces of the side faces and the bottom of the body, the same square cell-recesses are made, which are located on the surface of each side face in the same vertical rows, and on the surface of the bottom of the body, the cell-recesses are arranged in rows that are a continuation of the vertical rows of cells-recesses of the side faces, in this case, the cell-recesses are separated from each other and from the edges of the housing by collars of the same width, and a rim is located along the perimeter of the upper part of the housing.

In the preferred embodiment of the "simulator-glass" the number of vertical rows of cells-recesses on the surface of each side face is 2-4 rows.

In the preferred version of the "simulator-glass" the number of cells-recesses in each vertical row is 2-6 pieces.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Simulator-cup”, the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the body.

The essence of the utility model "The simulator-glass for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "simulator-glass";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-glass" from the bottom.

The claimed "simulator-glass" is a plastic case (1), which is a tetrahedral glass consisting of a square bottom (see Fig. 1) and four identical rectangular side faces (see Fig. 2) located perpendicular to the bottom.

Moreover, on the outer surfaces of the side faces and the outer surface of the bottom of the body (1), the same square cell-recesses (2) are made, intended for inscribing in them with a water marker icons such as “crosses” and “zeros” during the classes.

The sizes indicated below for this particular “Glass Trainer” are not signs of narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change during its creation.

The height of the body (1) is 80-140 mm, the size of the side of the bottom is 50-80 mm, and the thickness of the bottom and side faces of the body (1) is the same and is 3-5 mm.

Cells-recesses (2) are located on the outer surface of each side face of the housing (1) in equal vertical rows, and on the outer surface of the bottom of the body (1), cell-recesses (2) are arranged in rows that are a continuation of the vertical rows of cells-recesses (2) side faces.

Thus, on the outer surface of the bottom of the housing (1), the recess cells (2) are arranged in rows, the number of recess cells (2) in each of which is equal to the number of rows of recess cells (2).

The cell-recesses (2) are separated from each other and from the edges of the housing (1) by shoulders (3) of the same width of 2-4 mm.

The number of vertical rows of recess cells (2) on the outer surface of each side face of the housing (1) of the “Simulator-cup” is the same and can be 2-4 rows.

The number of recess cells in each vertical row is the same and can be 2-6 pieces.

Cells-recesses (2) located on the surfaces of the side faces and the bottom of the body (1) of the “Glass trainer” form a single playing field for the game “Tic-tac-toe”, the feature of which is that a series of icons (“crosses” or “ tokens ”) inscribed in the cell-recesses (2) on one of the faces or the bottom of the body (1), can be continued in the cell-recesses (2) on the other side or the bottom of the body (1).

Along the perimeter of the upper part of the body (1) there is a rim (4) with a width of 10-15 mm, designed to hold the "simulator-glass" during the classes.

The thickness of the rim (4) is equal to the thickness of the side faces of the body (1) of the "simulator-glass".

Thus, the design features of the body (1) of the "simulator-glass" provide the possibility of its retention by patients in various ways:

a) for the opposite edges of the housing (1);

b) by the rim (4), when the fingers are parallel to the rim (4);

c) by the rim (4), when the fingers are perpendicular to the rim (4).

The depth of the cell-recesses (2) on the surfaces of the side faces and the bottom of the body (1) is the same and is 1-2 mm.

Thus, the design features of the cells-recesses (2) provide the implementation of the following functions:

a) prevent the erasure of the icons inscribed in the cell-recesses (2) of the bottom of the body (1) when the "simulator-glass" is located on a horizontal surface;

b) prevent the erasure of the icons inscribed in the cell-recesses (2) of the side faces of the body (1) while holding the “simulator-glass” by the ribs or rim (4);

c) facilitate the process of inscribing badges into the cell-indentations (2) due to the fact that inscribing occurs strictly within the cell-recesses (2), due to which classes with the "Simulator-glass" become available for patients with impaired fine motor skills and tremor hands.

At the same time, the small depth of the cell-recesses (2) does not prevent the removal of the icons inscribed in them with a marker by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (2), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the body (1) of the “Simulator-glass”.

The "Glass simulator for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic" works as follows.

Before the start of the lesson, the specialist forms a group of two patients who have approximately the same degree of impaired motor function of the hand and intellectual activity.

Next, one of the patients takes the “Simulator-glass” with a hand with impaired movement (restoration of the motor functions of the hand) using one of the methods described above and writes the image of a “cross” into one of the recesses (2) onto any of side faces or the bottom of the body (1).

After that, the “Simulator-cup” is located on the desktop, and the other patient takes it with his hand with impaired movement (restoration of the motor functions of the hand) and performs the next move (restoration of intellectual activity), writing the image of the “zero” in another cell-recess (2) on any of the side faces or the bottom of the body (1).

The game ends with the victory of one of the patients, who, in accordance with the rules of the game “Tic-Tac-Toe”, made up a series of a certain number of “tic-tac-toe” or “tac-toe” in the cell-recesses (2) of the “Trainer-glass”, or in a draw, when to draw up a number failed to any of the patients.

Thus, during the course of the lesson, each of the patients, before making a new move (restoring intellectual activity), is forced to carry out various movements: tilting, turning (restoring the motor functions of the arm) with his hand in violation of the movements that hold the "Trainer-Glass", allowing him to see all recess cells (2) with images of “crosses” and “zeroes” on the surfaces of the side faces and the bottom of the body (1).

In addition to the traditional game “Tic-tac-toe”, “Trainer-glass” can be used for various versions of the game “Tic-tac-toe” with other rules.

Along with the use of the "Simulator-glass" for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic, it can be used in the following cases:

a) when conducting classes to restore the motor functions of the hands impaired due to various other diseases, for example, hand injuries, the consequences of surgical operations;

b) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired formation of motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity;

c) during neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

d) as an original gaming device that implements a variant of the game "Tic-Tac-Toe" on the playing field, having the shape of a tetrahedral glass.

Thus, the simulator-glass is a new original device that allows conducting group exercises to simultaneously restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity with a wide range of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

The claimed “Glass simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Claims (4)

1. A simulator-glass for group exercises to restore the motor functions of the hands and intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a body made of plastic, consisting of a square bottom and four identical rectangular side faces; in this case, on the outer surfaces of the side faces and the bottom of the case, the same square cell-recesses are made, which are located on the surface of each side face in the same vertical rows, and on the surface of the bottom of the case, the cell-recesses are arranged in rows that are a continuation of the vertical rows of cells-recesses of the side faces, in this case, the cell-recesses are separated from each other and from the edges of the housing by collars of the same width, and a rim is located along the perimeter of the upper part of the housing. 2. The simulator-glass according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of vertical rows of recess cells on the surface of each side face is 2-4 rows. 3. The simulator-glass according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of recess cells in each vertical row is 2-6 pieces. 4. The simulator-glass according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell-recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the housing.

Images