RU186826U1 - DEVICE FOR PERFORMING AGROTECHNICAL WORKS IN THE GREENHOUSE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to forestry and agriculture and can be used for growing planting material. A device for agricultural work in a greenhouse contains a radius rod, one end of which is equipped with a drive, the other is pivotally connected to a fixed support, a carriage mounted to move along the radius rod and connected to an electric motor. The carriage is fixed mechanisms for the formation of film containers, filling them with a substrate and sowing seeds. To regulate the mechanisms of formation of film containers, filling them with a substrate and sowing seeds, a synchronization block is placed on the carriage. The mechanism for forming containers includes a reel with a plastic film, a unit for preparing the formation of tape containers, a molding conveyor and a unit for forming a container tape. The mechanism for sowing seeds includes a hopper for seeds with a disk in which there is a recess for the seed, seed tube and a stem for deepening the seed. The mechanism for filling containers with a substrate is equipped with a hopper equipped with a hopper-unloading unit. The radius rod is equipped with a pipeline with nozzles connected to a fluid coupling mounted on a fixed support axis. The inventive device allows you to maximize the usable area of the greenhouse and increase work efficiency. f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture and forestry, namely, to mechanization of the production of seedlings in a protected ground and can be used for growing planting material.

A known installation for briquetting and packing briquettes with seedlings, including a forming device equipped with a conveyor with cells, a feeder for the upper and lower layers of the film, a device for folding the film into cells with pressure rollers and a welding device (Froland O. Saplings with a root system in a sleeve made of plastic film . NorskShogb-ruck, 1974, No. 3, p. 8-9). However, in this installation it is not possible to obtain high-quality briquettes with the same geometric parameters, suitable for further use in automated s planters. This disadvantage is due to the fact that the lower layer of the film is knocked out of the cells, the film is skewed, and therefore, poor-quality welding.In addition, seedlings are placed not in the center of the briquette, but between the briquette and the layer of plastic film, which worsens the conditions for growing seedlings.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed is a device for agricultural work in a greenhouse according to copyright certificate No. 1727701, metro class. A01G 9/10, publ. 04/23/1992. The device includes a fixed axis-support of the greenhouse, on which a radius rod is pivotally mounted, equipped with a stop, an end switch and a pipe with nozzles. A mobile carriage equipped with an electric motor, a roll of film, rollers with electric heating and a substrate hopper is also located on the radius bar. In addition, the operator’s workstation and guide plate are installed on the bar. The power unit of the device includes a frame, an electric motor connected to the wheel through a gearbox and chain transmission, and a current collector. When the device moves along the axis, the carriage moves along the bar, while containers are formed from a plastic film using rollers, filled with a substrate, equipped with plant cuttings and laid out in a greenhouse.

When using the known device, the movement of the carriage with the working body stacking the tape in a spiral occurs with a large step between the spirals, which leads to inefficient operation of the device and the incomplete use of the greenhouse area. In the prototype, there is a direct connection between the carriage drive chain and the rigidly mounted asterisk on the support, which allow the carriage to move along the rod radius due to the movement of the rod radius around its axis. With such a connection, it is not possible to synchronize the work of manufacturing containers, filling with a substrate and sowing them with seeds with tight laying to each other. The objective of the claimed utility model is to create a device design that is efficient, reliable and allows you to synchronize the operation of all mechanisms and which provides a dense stacking of tape containers.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed utility model consists in increasing the useful use of the area of the greenhouse, increasing productivity in the manufacture of containers and creating conditions for high-quality cultivation of planting material.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for agricultural work in a greenhouse including a radius rod, one end of which is equipped with a drive, the other is pivotally connected to a fixed support, a carriage mounted to move along the radius rod, the mechanisms for forming film containers and filling them with a substrate placed on the carriage, in accordance with the claimed design, the carriage is connected to an electric motor, and the device is equipped with a mechanism for sowing seeds placed on a square the clock and synchronization unit of the mechanisms for the formation of film containers, filling them with substrate and sowing seeds.

The utility model is complemented by private distinctive features that contribute to the achievement of the claimed technical result.

The mechanism for forming containers includes a reel with a plastic film, a unit for preparing the formation of tape containers, a molding conveyor and a unit for forming a container tape.

The seed sowing mechanism includes a seed hopper, with a disk recess for the seed, seed tube and a stem for deepening the seed.

The mechanism for filling containers with a substrate is equipped with a hopper equipped with a hopper-unloading unit.

The radius rod is equipped with a pipeline with nozzles associated with a fluid coupling mounted on a fixed support axis.

The inventive device allows you to maximize the usable area of the greenhouse and increase work efficiency. In the proposed design, the movement of the carriage is carried out by an electric motor, the speed of which is synchronized through an automatic control synchronization unit, with the operation of electric motors that drive mechanisms for the production of tape containers, filling the substrate and sowing them with seeds, as well as laying this tape in a spiral with a minimum step required by technology. The controllers used in the synchronization unit allow you to adjust the speed of the carriage by adjusting the speed of rotation of the electric motor and achieve the required step of laying, the speed of manufacture of tape containers and synchronize the operation of the device.

Common features of the prototype and the claimed device:

- Axis - the support is installed in the center of the greenhouse of a round shape in plan, on which a current collector and a hydraulic coupling for supplying water for irrigation are mounted.

- Rod - the radius is pivotally mounted on the axis-support and has the ability to rotate around its axis due to the drive mounted on the outer end.

- The carriage on which the mechanisms are fixed for the manufacture of containers in the form of a continuous tape with the possibility of filling with a substrate.

The inventive design is depicted in graphic materials, where:

FIG. 1 - general view of the device;

FIG. 2 - general view of the carriage;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the carriage;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the carriage;

FIG. 5 - mechanism of seeding, side view;

FIG. 6 - the mechanism of sowing seeds, the view is straight;

FIG. 7 is a section along AA of FIG. 6.

The list of essential features:

Fixed support axis 1, current collector 2, hydraulic coupling 3, radius rod 4, limit switch 5, pipeline with nozzles 6, electric drive 7, movable carriage 8, electric motor 9, plate 10, hopper 11, hopper-discharge device 12, a reel with plastic film 13, a preparation unit for forming containers 14, a molding conveyor 15, a unit for forming a container tape 16, an electric drive 17, a hopper for seeds 18, a seed tube 19, a ratchet 20 for rotating the disk with a recess for the seeds 21, a stem for deepening the seeds 22, tape container 23, the table 24, the knife 25, the guide 26, the axial holder 27 for containers tape, a synchronization unit 28.

A device for agricultural work in a greenhouse includes a fixed axis-support 1 of the greenhouse with a current collector 2 and a fluid coupling 3 fixed to it. A radius 4 is pivotally attached to the axis-support 1, equipped with an end switch 5, a pipeline with nozzles 6 and an electric actuator 7. On the rod-radius 4 there is a mobile carriage 8 equipped with an electric motor 9. On the carriage 8, on a rigidly fixed plate 10 there are mechanisms for manufacturing containers in the form of a continuous tape, filling them with a substrate and sowing seeds with the possibility of dismantling for installation in the next greenhouse (Fig. 2, 3, 4). On the plate 10, a loading hopper 11 with a hopper-unloading device 12, a mechanism for forming containers in the form of a continuous tape, consisting of a bobbin with plastic film 13, a preparation unit for forming containers 14, a molding conveyor 15, a tape forming unit for containers 16, an electric drive 17. So on the plate 10 there is a mechanism for sowing seeds (Fig. 5, 6, 7), consisting of a hopper for seeds 18, vas deferens 19, ratchet 20 for rotating the disk with a recess for the seed 21 and a stem for deepening the seeds 22. For twisting the tape containers 23 n and the stand is arranged in a spiral table 24. For separating the roll of containers 23 from the main belt of containers, a knife 25 is fixed, and for moving to the area of the greenhouse - a guide 26. To form the next roll from the belt of containers, there is an axial holder for the belt of containers 27. For synchronization the operation of all mechanisms installed synchronization unit 28.

The device operates as follows.

The movement of the device around its axis is carried out using an electric drive 7. Due to the operation of the electric motor 9, a carriage 8 is driven, the movement of which is from the center to the periphery and synchronized with the operation of the mechanism for manufacturing containers in the form of a continuous tape. The plate 10, on which all the working equipment is mounted, is installed with the possibility of moving the plate with the mechanisms onto the carriage in another greenhouse, which allows the main mechanism to be used in several greenhouses in series. The polyethylene film located on the reel 13, passing through the preparation unit for the formation of containers 14, takes the form of a tray. Entering the molding conveyor 15, using the molding mechanism 16, polyethylene containers are formed into which a nutrient substrate enters from the hopper 11, through the hopper-unloading device 12. The nodes and mechanisms are driven by an electric drive 17. Next, from the seed hopper 18, using a disk with a recess for the seed 21, which rotates in a horizontal plane around its axis using a ratchet 20, the seed enters the vas deferens 19 and is buried by the stem 22 in the container to the desired depth. On the table 24 there is a spiral winding of the tape with the containers in a roll to a certain predetermined volume. Then, using a knife 25, the roll is separated from the main tape of the containers and on the stand moves smoothly along the guide 26 to the area of the greenhouse. Next, the next cycle of manufacturing the roll and placing it on the area of the greenhouse takes place. In this case, the rolls are stacked tightly to each other, leaving no gaps. After the completion of the formation of rolls of tape with containers sown with seeds, the plate 10 with mechanisms is dismantled and transferred to another greenhouse or warehouse for storage until the next season. Further, the cultivation of planting material with a closed root system occurs according to the standard scheme with watering and top dressing through a fluid coupling 3 and a pipeline with nozzles 6. Electric motors are supplied with electric energy through a current collector 2.

After the growing season, rolls with planting material are moved to the forested area for manual planting or for use in mechanized planting using a planting machine for seedlings with a closed Bracke root system.

Claims (5)

1. A device for agricultural work in a greenhouse, including a radius rod, one end of which is equipped with a drive, the other is pivotally connected to a fixed support, a carriage mounted to move along the radius rod, the mechanisms for forming film containers and filling them with a substrate, placed on carriage, characterized in that the carriage is connected to an electric motor, and the device is equipped with a seed sowing mechanism placed on the carriage, and a synchronization unit of the mechanisms for forming the film containers bumps, filling them with a substrate and sowing seeds. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for forming containers includes a reel with a plastic film, a unit for preparing the formation of tape containers, a molding conveyor and a unit for forming a container tape. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the mechanism of sowing seeds includes a seed hopper with a disk recess for the seed, seed tube and a stem for deepening the seed. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for filling containers with a substrate is equipped with a hopper equipped with a hopper-unloading unit. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the radius rod is equipped with a pipeline with nozzles associated with a fluid coupling mounted on a fixed support axis.

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