RU1788247C - Method for combined mining of steeply dipping mineral deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the combined development of steeply falling ore bodies. The goal is to reduce stripping operations by eliminating them from the side of the hanging side of the deposit and transferring the side of the quarry to its horizontal capacity. Field development begins with overburden operations in quarry (K) 1 and storage of overburden rocks in the future collapse zone 6 of underground operations (PR). In the process of maintaining PR at the hanging side (B) of the deposit, a collapse zone 6 is formed, into which stored overburden falls. With further stripping operations in K 1, its sides go beyond the horizontal power of the deposit both in the lying side and in the WB. At the same time, maintaining a PR under the WB and storing overburden in the collapse zone 6 allows the 8 K 1 side to be moved from the WB side of the deposit to its limits. With increasing depth K 1, its area decreases, and the area of PR increases towards the lying side. The increase in PR expansion is determined from the expression Ab (H / tg p) + d, where H is the depth of PR, m; tp is the angle of ore displacement, degrees, d is the width of the safety berm K1, m. 2 ill. fe

Description

The invention relates to mining, and specifically to methods for developing mineral resources, and can be used in combined open-pit mining of deposits.

A known method for the combined development of steeply dipping deposits of minerals, including open pit mining, in a quarry, together with conducting underground work, forming a collapse zone within the quarry and storing overburden in it.

The disadvantage of this method is that when storing overburden in the collapse zone from underground work, a reduction in the volume of overburden is not achieved.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a method of combined mining of mineral deposits, including the simultaneous conduct of open and underground mining by expanding the front of the underground work towards the quarry as open work decreases and storing overburden in the collapse zone of underground work.

The disadvantage of this method is that when deepening the open development of the side of the quarry, it significantly goes beyond the horizontal power of the deposit both in the lying and the hanging side, which leads to large volumes of overburden operations.

The aim of the present invention is to reduce the volume of stripping operations by eliminating them from the hanging side of the deposit and transferring the side of the quarry to horizontal power limits.

According to the invention, the goal is achieved in that in the known method for the combined development of steeply dipping mineral deposits, including the simultaneous conduct of open and underground mining with the expansion of the front of the underground work towards the quarry as the open work decreases and storage of overburden in the underground collapse zone works, underground work is carried out only under the hanging side of the reservoir, and the increase in the expansion of their front towards the lying side is determined from the expression

Ab

N

tgy

+ d, m

where L is the increase in the expansion of the front of underground work towards the lying side of the deposit as the work decreases, m;

N - the depth of underground mining, m;

y-angle of ore displacement, deg .;

d is the width of the safety berm, m

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed method for the combined development of steeply dipping mineral deposits differs from the prototype in that underground mining with collapse of overlying rocks is carried out only under the hanging side of the deposit and the side of the quarry is transferred within its horizontal capacity. With a decrease in the level of open excavation, the front of underground work increases and the increase in the expansion of their front towards the lying side of the deposit is determined from the expression:

Ab

N

tgy

+ d, m

20 5

0

5

0 5 0

5

(until the full transition to the underground method of development);

where A b is the increase in the expansion of the front of underground mining in the direction of the lying side of the reservoir as the work decreases, m;

N - the depth of underground mining, m;

at the angle of ore displacement, deg;

d is the width of the safety berm, m

Thus, the claimed method meets the criteria of the invention of novelty. Mining of a part of a mineral deposit under the sideways underground with the collapse of the overlying rocks makes it possible to move the quarry side to the limits of horizontal power and significantly reduce overburden operations outside the hanging side of the deposit. A decrease in the volume of stripping operations allows one to reduce the area of alienated fertile lands, reduce the cost of transporting them, and also reduce the distance of transportation of overburden to the place of their storage (dump). As can be seen, the proposed method gives a significant positive effect, which indicates that it has acquired new properties and the technical solution corresponds to the feature of the invention with significant differences.

Figure 1 shows a vertical cross section across the strike of a deposit during the development of open and underground work; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the strike along with the development of underground work and dumping.

The method is carried out as follows.

Before mining the deposit, first determine the possible areas for mining by underground and opencast mining. Then they start overburden removal of overburden (sediment) within a part of the ore deposit mined by quarry 1. Overburden 2 is stored in dump 3 in the future collapse zone, which will be obtained during treatment work in array 4, which is to be mined. Simultaneously with the overburden operations in open pit 1, preparatory underground workings 5 are also being carried out in array 4. After preparatory underground workings 5 are carried out, the mine treatment works are started to extract minerals in opencast mine 1 and in array 4. In order to maintain open-cast mining production capacities and underground enterprises, it is necessary to constantly prepare new horizons for a treatment excavation. For this, further stripping operations are being carried out in quarry 1, as well as preparatory workings 5 continue in mining array 4, which is to be mined. As the treatment excavation is carried out during underground work in array 4, a collapse zone 6 of overlying rocks is obtained, into which overburden rocks, overburden rocks 2 and weighing rocks 7 of the hanging side are previously stored in dump 3.

With further maintenance of overburden slavery, the quarries of one of its sides go beyond the horizontal thickness of the pool both in the lying and the hanging sides, and underground work under the hanging side of the deposit with the collapse of the overlying and enclosing 7 rocks and their storage in the caving zone: none 6 allows you to transfer the side 8 of the quarry 1 from the side of the hanging side of the reservoir in its limits. Placing significant volumes of overburden in collapse zone 6 and zone 9 of open pit 1 can significantly reduce the area of fertile land alienated for dump 3. With increasing depth of open pit 1, its mining area decreases and the area of ore deposit passing into the zone of massif 4

for underground mining, increases, which expands with depth and reaches the boundaries of the lying side of the deposit. After that, the further development of the deposit is carried out only underground.

The proposed method of combined development will improve the technical and economic performance of mining: reduction in the volume of overburden operations, reduction of the alienated areas of fertile land, as well as a reduction in the cost of transportation of overburden.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Combined Development Method steeply falling mineral deposits, including the simultaneous conduct of open and underground mining with the expansion of the underground front towards the quarry as the openings decrease work and storage of overburden in the area of the collapse of underground work, due to the fact that, in order to reduce overburden work due to their exclusion from the hanging side of the deposit and transfer the sides of the quarry within its horizontal thickness, underground mining is carried out only under the hanging side of the deposit, and the increase in the expansion of their front towards the lying side is determined from the expression H + d.M. Ab where Ab is the increase in expansion of the front of underground mining in the direction of the lying side of the reservoir as the work decreases, m; H - the depth of underground mining, m; (p-angle of ore displacement, deg; d - width of the safety berma, m. Riga 2