SU1745941A1 - Method of exploitation of sloping and pitching thick deposits, elongated along their extension - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining promet and m. used when developing. deposits of minerals. The goal is to reduce the area of disturbed land and accelerate their recultivation. Initially, the mines create the first open-pit mine to the final depth of open pit mining. Creating a career lead with simultaneous internal dumping. In this case, the movement of the front of open pit mining and their accessibility deepening along the strike of the deposit is carried out at a certain angle. The magnitude of this angle is determined by the dependence, based on the equality of the volumes of overburden in the quarry and the internal dump. The development of reserves under the internal dump is performed by underground mining. For this purpose, an underground slanted trunk constructed at the bottom of the pit and covered with a dump massif is used. 1 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of mineral deposits.

There is a method of mining, including the creation in the quarry in the direction of moving the front of mining at the marginal zone of the main workings, the overlapping of overburden rocks with dumps and carrying out excavation workings to the edge zone.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of its use for mining inclined and steeply dipping deposits.

There is also known a method for developing inclined and steeply dipping deposits, including creating a primary mine in a part of a field when moving the mining front across the deposit and external dumping, turning the mining front 90 ° and then mining the remaining mineral reserves within the mine, placing the overburden in developed space.

The disadvantages of this method are the need to alienate land for external dumping, as well as the lack of the possibility of land reclamation,

NJ 4 01 U

four

disturbed by the quarry, until the completion of the formation of the primary career and dumping of the internal heap to its full height.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the area of disturbed lands and speed up their recultivation.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the creation of a high-priority open-pit mine is carried out with simultaneous internal waste formation when the front of open mining is moved and its accessible deepening along the direction of the deposit at an angle of Od, determined from equality

 ijW jttlgvrtjggll. .iU ats-SCeOUdv.,

 .in "((tlij" i-tli).) ctjo.) (Mtt4 "ifl

M1 .lctjel. .24ctij1Kt et) ""

N (SC "and cMOVl"

Vt "/ x

where H is the depth of the pit, m;

M - horizontal reservoir thickness, m;

QO - the general angle of the slopes of the blade, hail;

Od - the general angle of the pit bottom, hail;

a - the general angle of repose outside the pit walls, hail;

Op - the general angle of repose of the working side of the pit, hail;

Кр - coefficient of rock loosening, units,

at the same time, the development of reserves under the internal dump is carried out by an underground method using an underground inclined shaft built at the bottom of the pit and covered with a dump array.

The method allows to place the overburden in full in the developed quarry space, avoiding the need to reject land for external dumps, reduce road transport to a minimum, reduce the area of land disturbed by excavation, carry out reclamation of disturbed land from the very beginning of the development of the fields.

FIG. 1 shows the pit at the time of reaching the final depth, top view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. one.

The method is carried out as follows.

The quarry is developed from one of its flanks. Wherein

The excavator locks are located across the strike of the reservoir 1 and are moved along the strike line in the direction of the opposite flank of the quarry floor.

The overburden rocks are placed on the bottom 2 of the generated exhausted space 3 after the movement of the working side 4, which leads to the formation of an internal blade 5.

0 The deepening of mining operations is carried out at an access direction in the direction of the strike of a deposit. The cutting of new horizons is carried out at intervals that ensure the formation of the bottom of the pit with a general

5 corner slope Od. The overall hell slope angle of the pit bottom is determined from the equality

 , | XP Uttittyg iOVgiy

| H (with (} l-cts ".). Gh (, .lctjrf.lVMctjgj

8ct

0M (p. 1SCk „| -Mit Kxl

2 ct5 «0« ctflV cij.

(dsKt SC 17eC ". V 9"

where H is the depth of the pit, m;

M-horizontal reservoir thickness, m; 5 life, m;

ОБ - the general angle of the slopes of the blade is hail;

Od - the general angle of the pit bottom, hail;

0 "n-the general angle of the slope outside the pit, hail;

Op - the general angle of repose of the working side of the pit, hail;

Кр - coefficient of rock loosening, 5 units.

In the development of high-power deposits, the removal from the quarry of a significant volume of mineral provides for the creation of a goaf that is able to receive the entire volume of overburden taking into account their loosening.

Before starting the dumping of the internal dump, an inclined 5 underground trunk 6 is constructed on a route specially created at the bottom of the quarry, further blocked by a dump array 5. To extract the mineral from the dump from the inclined trunk 6, excavation openings 7 are carried out. transported by conveyors through openings 7 and 6 to the surface. As the open castings move and deepen, an inclined shaft is built up and the next 5 excavation workings are cut at a great depth.

Overburden removal from the working horizons to the internal dump is carried out through transport berms along

non-working sides 8 career. To release a mineral from a quarry, temporary congresses are built on its working 4 and non-working 8 sides.

The advantages of the proposed method of mining mineral deposits are as follows:

1. The placement of overburden in full in the developed quarry space avoids the need for land rejection for external dumps

and their subsequent remediation.

2. The deepening of mining operations along the strike of a deposit allows to reduce the land disturbed by the open pit mine.

3. Backfilling of the open pit mine already at the stage of the formation of the first-priority open-pit mine makes it possible to start reclamation work within its boundaries practically from the very beginning of the field development.

Example. A field with a horizontal mineral power (M) of 200 m, with a length of (L) of 5000 m is being mined at a depth of (N) of 100 m. According to the mining-geological and mining-technical conditions, the general angles of the slope of the non-working (He) and the ) the pit sides are equal to 40 and 20 °, respectively, and the general angle of dumping is 20 °.

The quarry is developed from one of its flanks. The deepening of the mining operations is carried out in the direction of the strike of the deposit, ensuring the formation of the pit bottom at an angle of slope Od, determined from the indicated equality and equal to 8.5 °. At the same time, before starting the dumping of the internal heap at the bottom of the quarry, an inclined trunk is constructed, which is further blocked by the dump array. When the final depth H is reached, the quarry development is carried out with a constant working zone and placement of overburden in the mining space. In doing so, the mining front moves in the direction of the strike of the deposit.

Claims (2)

The proposed method provides land conservation and a reduction in the overburden transport distance. Claim 1 Method of development of high-powered sloping and steeply dipping deposits of high power, including the creation of a first-priority open-pit mine on a part of the field to the final depth of open pit mining and internal dumping, in order to reduce the area of disturbed lands and accelerate their recultivation , the creation of a high-priority open-pit mine is carried out with simultaneous internal rejection when the front of open mining is moved and its accessible deepening is simple. Rania deposits angle Aude. determined by equality ,. (. Tsy.l.a9 p | Kp H (ftt "t ctmJ c a ,, Jct," x Jet ,,. (azSh-sTk.SChTSsTSchdg TShSCKd a uQctj l .t / Hct tV SdjVjiC a. m Cmschsts a.ictf .24sTs stsTs ", sps.) Mdk, Bc.0. where H is the depth of the pit, m; M - horizontal reservoir thickness, m; оъ - the general angle of the slopes of the blade, hail; “D - the general angle of slope of the pit bottom, hail; It is the general angle of the slope of the non-working pit walls, hail; Op - the general angle of repose of the working side of the pit, hail; Кр - coefficient of rock loosening, units 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mining of reserves under the internal dump is performed by underground mining using an underground inclined shaft built at the bottom of the quarry and covered with a dump array. FIG I Vb fig.Z