RU169752U1 - INSTALLATION FOR CLEANING OIL AND OIL PRODUCT RESERVOIRS FROM SEDIMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for cleaning the inner surface of tanks from residues of oil and oil products and can be used in preparing tanks for repair or for use under other oil products, as well as during periodic cleaning. The claimed installation comprises a washing fluid supply unit and a washout pumping unit connected by pipelines to a cleaned tank equipped with process hatches, a phlegmatization unit connected to a cleaned tank, a washout pump for supplying washout deposits connected to a series of washout separation unit and a separated water purification unit, mobile tank for separated oil, tank for separated mechanical impurities, unit for controlling the operation of the unit, heat and power unit A heating of the washing liquid to scour deposits. The fuzzy sedimentation separation unit is connected via a separated oil product discharge pipe to a mobile container for separated oil, by a water drain pipe to a separated water purification unit, and through a pipe to remove mechanical impurities to a container for separated mechanical impurities. The separated water purification unit is connected by means of the separated oil product removal pipeline to the blurry separation separation unit, by the mechanical impurities removal pipeline - with a container for separated mechanical impurities and contains a pipeline for discharging water into the industrial sewer. As a result, acceleration of operation of the claimed installation is achieved while ensuring trouble-free operation and compliance with requirements for the degree of purification of separated oil products and water. 3 s.p. f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for cleaning the inner surface of tanks from residues of oil and oil products and can be used in preparing tanks for repair or for use under other oil products, as well as during periodic cleaning.

Known mobile technological complex for cleaning tanks [patent for utility model RU 86506 U1, IPC: V08V 9/08, VVV 9/093, publ. September 10, 2009], which contains a system for pumping out washed-out sediments, a system for supplying washing liquid, a gravity separation unit for contaminated liquids into oil products, water and jelly-like waste, a water purification unit with the option of draining it into an industrial body of water (sewage), or reuse for washing a tank, installation additional purification of petroleum products with the possibility of using them for their intended purpose, installation of solid and jelly-like waste by burning them and installation of ventilation of the gas space reservoir. The systems and installations of this technological complex are interconnected by the flow of contaminated liquid through pipelines with shut-off valves. All equipment of the technological complex is located on a KAMAZ vehicle and on a trailer.

The disadvantages of this technological complex are the need for an operator to be present inside the tank during cleaning, which poses a risk to life and does not allow the use of hot water for effective washing, as well as the lack of the possibility of preliminary pumping of oil sludge when cleaning tanks with a high level of oil product deposits, as in practice quite often there are reservoirs with sediment levels reaching the height of the technological hatch.

Also known is a complex for cleaning oil reservoirs of bottom residues [utility patent RU 49741 U1, IPC: VB 9/093, publ. 12/10/2005]. This complex consists of four interconnected functional parts: a suction device with a coarse filter, a pump unit, a sump separator and a collection of marketable oil. The filter traps large mechanical particles. The pump block is a pedestal with two pumps mounted on it, an ejection pumping device, with the possibility of supplying steam to it, and valves. The separator sump is a thermally insulated low-pressure tank with a heater, inlet and outlet pipes. In the separator sump, the liquids pumped out from the tank to be cleaned are separated by density. Water accumulates in the lower part of the separator-separator, at the bottom there are mechanical particles not caught by the filter, in the upper part there are hydrocarbons free from water and mechanical particles, practically, marketable oil, somewhat enriched with heavy fractions. The upper part of the separator-separator is connected to the oil collector. Oil collector is a thermally insulated pressureless tank equipped with heating, recirculation and pumping facilities. Oil, purified from water and mechanical particles, gets there due to the pressure in the tank of the separator-separator. Water from the sump is directed through the heater to wash and liquefy deposits in the tank being cleaned and, in part, to discharge. The flow of liquids is regulated by valves. It is possible to purge certain sections of the system with steam in cases of deposition of paraffins, resins there, as well as during repair or dismantling of the complex.

The disadvantages of this complex are the lack of a degassing system necessary to reduce the concentration of explosive substances in the air inside the tank when the complex equipment is placed in it, as well as the inability to reuse water during cleaning of the tank, since it takes a long time to settle the emulsion (from several days to several months).

As a prototype, the installation for cleaning oil and oil reservoirs from deposits was selected [patent for utility model RU 147191 U1, IPC: V08V 9/08, publ. 10/27/2014]. The installation comprises pipelines connected to a cleaned tank equipped with technological hatches, a washing fluid supply unit and a pumping unit for washed out sediments. The washing fluid supply unit includes a pressure pump and a cleaning fluid supply pipe, the initial part of which is connected through a valve to a water tank, and the final part, comprising a jet washing device configured to change the direction of the washing liquid jet, is placed through a process hatch inside the tank being cleaned. The pumping unit for eroded sediments includes a pumping unit and a pipeline, the initial part of which is placed through the process hatch inside the tank being cleaned. The installation further comprises a receiving tank and a pump for supplying washed-out sediments with at least one screen filter for coarse cleaning of washed-out deposits located in front of them connected to the end part of the pumping unit of the pumping unit, the preliminary and main blocks for separation of washed-out deposits are connected in series with the pump for feeding washed-out deposits, a pump connected to a water tank for supplying washing liquid to a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger with pipelines for supplying and discharging washing liquid and a coolant, a unit operation control unit, a phlegmatization unit and a forced ventilation unit connected to the tank being cleaned. The pumping unit is a submersible pump located at the bottom inside the tank being cleaned.

The disadvantages of the prototype include:

- the long time spent by the installation on cleaning the tank from sediments, which is associated with the filing of the separated in the preliminary separation unit of blurry sediments of the oil product (oil) for additional cleaning in the main separation unit of blurred sediments;

- the possibility of an emergency stop of the installation for cleaning, associated with the need to clean the main unit for separation of eroded sediments (oil filtering unit) when filling its process pipelines with oil product deposits.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to provide quick, efficient and economical cleaning of oil and oil product tanks from deposits.

The technical result is expressed in the acceleration of the installation for cleaning oil and oil reservoirs from deposits while ensuring trouble-free operation and compliance with the requirements for the degree of purification of the separated oil products and water.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the installation for cleaning oil and oil product tanks from deposits, containing a washing fluid supply unit and a pumping unit for washed out sediments connected by pipelines to a cleaned tank equipped with process hatches, a phlegmatization unit connected to a cleaned tank, a pump for supplying washed out sediment connected to a series-connected block separation of blurred sediments and the purification unit of the separated water, a mobile tank for separated not FTI, tank for separated mechanical impurities, unit operation control unit, heat energy block for heating detergent for washing away deposits, block for separating washed deposits is connected via a pipeline for separating oil products with a mobile tank for separated oil, and through a pipeline for draining water to a unit for cleaning separated water , and by means of a pipeline for removal of mechanical impurities - with a container for separated mechanical impurities, the unit for cleaning the separated water is connected via ohm of the pipeline for removal of the separated oil product with a separation unit for eroded sediments, by means of the pipeline for removal of mechanical impurities - with a container for separated mechanical impurities and contains a pipeline for discharging water into an industrial sewer.

In addition, the installation operation control unit includes a control cabinet installed in the casing of the heat power unit, and the control cabinet is configured to receive power from the power network of the oil pumping station (NPS) by connecting to a connector block installed outside the heat power unit.

Additionally, the phlegmatization unit is made in the form of a permanently installed block of containers with nitrogen, which is under pressure, connected to the tank being cleaned through the process hatch.

In addition, the container for separated solids consists of a housing, a quick-detachable lid and a mesh cup installed inside the housing with a guaranteed gap from the bottom, while an ultrasonic level sensor is installed on the quick-detachable lid to monitor the filling of the capacitance.

The utility model is illustrated by a drawing (Fig.), Which shows the technological scheme of the claimed installation, and the positions indicated:

1 - discharge pump;

2 - pipeline for supplying washing liquid to the tank being cleaned;

3 - device erosion deposits;

4 - pipeline for pumping out washed-out sediments;

5 - capacity for receiving blurry deposits;

6 - pump for feeding blurred deposits;

7 - coarse filter;

8 - block separation of fuzzy sediments;

9 - unit for cleaning separated water;

10 - capacity for separated oil;

11 - a tank of water;

12 - capacity for separated mechanical impurities;

13 - filter for cleaning washing liquid;

14 - heat exchanger;

15 - phlegmatization unit;

16 - forced ventilation unit;

17 - submersible pump;

18 - intake device;

19 - hot water boiler with a burner;

20 - chimney;

21 - circulation pump;

22 - a vacuum pump;

23 - pump for supplying a washing fluid to the heat exchanger;

24 - pipeline for supplying washing fluid to the heat exchanger;

25 - pipeline for washing filters of rough cleaning;

26 - pipeline for supplying a washing fluid to the heat exchanger;

27 - pipeline for draining the washing fluid from the heat exchanger;

28 - power supply and control unit;

29 - a pipeline for supplying washing water to a container for separated solids.

The apparatus for cleaning oil and oil product tanks from deposits contains pipelines connected to a cleaned tank equipped with technological hatches (not shown), a washing fluid supply unit and a washout pumping unit.

The washing liquid supply unit includes a pressure pump 1 and a pipe 2 for supplying the washing liquid to the tank to be cleaned, connected by the initial part through a valve (not shown) to the tank 11 with water. The final part of the pipe 2 for supplying the washing liquid to the tank being cleaned contains a sediment erosion device 3 configured to change the direction of the washing liquid jet and placed through the process hatch inside the tank being cleaned.

The pumping unit for washed-out sediments includes a pumping unit, which is a submersible pump 17 located at the bottom inside the tank to be cleaned, and a pipe 4 for pumping washed-out deposits, made in the form of flexible pipes (hoses), the initial part of which is placed through the process hatch inside the tank being cleaned and connected with a submersible pump 17. Also, the installation contains a tank 5 for receiving blurred sediments and a pump 6 for supplying blurred sediments.

Before entering the tank 5 for receiving washed-out sediments and the pump 6 for supplying washed-out deposits, there are two coarse filters 7 connected to the end part of the pipeline 4 for pumping out the washed-out deposits of the pumping unit. The installation also contains in series connected with the pump 6 for supplying washed-out sediments block 8 separation of washed-out deposits and block 9 for cleaning the separated water. In addition, the installation includes a pump 23 connected to the tank 11 with water, a pipe 24 for supplying washing liquid to the heat exchanger 14, a filter 13 for cleaning the washing liquid, a heat exchanger 14 for supplying the washing liquid to the heat exchanger with pipelines for supplying 26 and removing the washing liquid 27 to the heat exchanger and pipelines for the inlet and outlet (not shown) of the coolant. In addition to the above installation includes a power supply and control unit 28, as well as a phlegmatization unit 15 and a forced ventilation unit 16 connected to the tank being cleaned.

For local tank after-treatment, the unit includes a after-treatment unit, including a vacuum pump 22 connected to a tank 5 for receiving washed-out deposits, and a sampling device 18 located inside the tank being cleaned, connected to a pipe 27 for removing washing liquid from the heat exchanger and a tank 5 for receiving washed deposits. The heat exchanger 14 is part of a transportable heat and power unit, including a boiler 19 with a burner, a chimney 20, a circulation pump 21 and a power and control unit 28. In addition, the installation contains a tank 10 for separated oil and a tank 12 for separated solids. The installation contains flexible pipelines 25 for washing the filters 7 of coarse cleaning, connected to the latter and the pipe 27 for draining the washing fluid from the heat exchanger 14.

Installation for cleaning oil and oil reservoirs from deposits works as follows.

Installation units are connected to each other using pipelines and flexible pipelines (hoses, for example, flexible flat-rolled).

The assembly of the forced ventilation unit 16 is carried out on the technological hatch of the tank being cleaned. As a forced ventilation unit 16, a supply fan can be used to purge the tank to remove volatile hydrocarbons (forced degassing).

Inside the tank being cleaned, the submersible pump 17 is mounted.

Installation of a sediment erosion device 3 on the technological hatch of the tank is designed to thin the bottom sediments inside the cleaned tank with hot water at a temperature of 90 ° C under a pressure of 1.0 MPa (the temperature and pressure of the washing liquid can change during work, if necessary). As a device 3 erosion deposits can be used a fire robot (for example, PR-LSD-C60), which, in turn, may have the functions of changing the spray angle of the washing liquid and remote control.

A pump 23 for supplying washing liquid to a heat exchanger through a pipe 24 for supplying washing liquid to a heat exchanger is supplied with washing liquid (water) from a water tank 11 through a washing liquid cleaning filter 13 to a pipe 26 for supplying washing liquid to a heat exchanger and then to a heat exchanger 14. B as a tank 11 with water, an elastic tank is used, for example, "Mobile frame capacity" EMK-30 ", filled with water from the water supply. As the heat exchanger 14, it is advisable to use a collapsible plate heater, allowing its quick cleaning in case of clogging. The heat carrier (for example, water) circulates in a closed circuit formed by the heat exchanger 14, pipelines for supplying and discharging the heat carrier (not shown), a circulation pump 21 and a boiler 19 with a burner device and a chimney 20. The heat carrier can also be supplied to the heat exchanger 14, for example, from the heat network located at the place of work. The washing liquid heated in the heat exchanger 14 passes through the washout separation unit 8 and returns to the tank 11, as a result of which the washing liquid (water) in the tank 11 is heated to a predetermined temperature.

The injection pump 1 through the pipe 2 for supplying the washing liquid to the tank to be cleaned serves the heated washing liquid (water) from the tank 11 to the sediment erosion device 3.

Carry out the erosion of bottom sediments using the device 3 erosion of sediments. Guidance the barrel of the device 3 erosion deposits produce remotely from the control panel (not shown). If necessary, change the spray angle of the washing liquid for better erosion of the inner surfaces of the tank from residues of bottom sediments.

In order to eliminate the risk of fire in the tank (self-ignition of pyrophoric deposits in contact with oxygen, accumulation of static electricity, sparking), phlegmatization is carried out simultaneously with washing with a jet of water under pressure in the tank. As the site of phlegmatization 15, a mobile unit of containers with nitrogen (not shown) is used, which is under pressure, connected to the tank being cleaned through a process hatch, for example, by means of a flexible pipe. A mobile unit of containers with nitrogen may include two or more containers with nitrogen. The mobile compressor unit used in the prototype is difficult to operate and requires the presence of specially trained personnel (at least two specialists who manage its work in the process of cleaning the tank). The use of a block of containers with nitrogen provides the necessary concentration of nitrogen in the tank and is easy to operate.

Simultaneously with the washout, the submersible pump pumps 17 diluted bottom sediments (oil-water emulsion) from the tank to be cleaned into a tank 5 for receiving washed-out sediments. As the submersible pump 17, a hydraulic screw pump can be used, for example, HYDRA-TECH S4SCR, which is a centrifugal screw pump with a piston hydraulic motor. To drive a hydraulic screw pump, a hydrostation (not shown) located outside the tank to be cleaned and connected to it by high pressure oil and gas resistant hoses (not shown) can be used. The use of a pump with a hydraulic drive is due to the exclusion of the possibility of sparking (which can lead to ignition of the oil product), in contrast to the use of an electric motor in non-explosion proof design.

Before entering the tank 5 for receiving washed-out deposits or directly to the pump 6 for supplying washed-out deposits, the oil-water emulsion passes through a coarse strainer 7. Then, the oil-water emulsion purified from large inclusions (more than 12 mm) enters the tank 5 for receiving diffuse deposits, which can be thermally insulated in order to maintain the temperature of the oil-water emulsion. The tank 5 for receiving blurry sediments is used if the performance of the submersible pump 17 and pump 6 does not match the supply of blurry sediments, in the case when the agreed performance of both pumps is achieved, the oil-water emulsion is bypassed the tank 5 for receiving blurry sediments. After one of the coarse filters 7 is filled with mechanical impurities, a backup filter is switched on instead and the filter element of the filled filter is cleaned. The mechanical impurities after cleaning the filter element of one of the coarse filters 7 are placed in a container 12 for separated mechanical impurities. As filters 7 for coarse cleaning, mesh filters with filter elements of a glass type can be used, which will ensure reliable filtration of the oil-water emulsion and ease of operation, in particular, simple installation and dismantling of the filter elements when cleaning them. For washing filters 7 coarse from deposits formed on the filter elements, for example paraffin, use flexible pipelines 25, through which the washing liquid heated in the heat exchanger 14 is supplied to the filters 7.

A pump 6 for supplying washed-out sediments serves a water-oil emulsion to block 8 separation of washed-out deposits for its separation into mechanical impurities, separated oil product (oil) and water. As block 8 for separation of fuzzy sediments, a gravidynamic separator (GDS) can be used [for example, "GDS-40" http://otrabotka.com/goods/detail.php?id=2054], in which a cyclone (hydrocyclone) preliminary separation of water and oil product (oil), as well as gravidynamic separation of liquid phases.

From the separation block of eroded sediments 8, the separated water is supplied to a tank 11 with water, mechanical impurities are sent to a tank 12 for separated mechanical impurities, and the separated oil product (oil) is sent to a tank 10 for separated oil. When filling the tank 10, the separated oil contained therein is discharged into the tanker. As the tank 10 for the separated oil, an elastic tank can be used, for example, "Mobile frame capacity" EMK-10 ". The use of elastic containers provides ease of transportation, as unlike plastic or metal containers when empty, they occupy a minimum amount.

The container 12 for separated solids consists of a housing, a quick-release lid and a mesh cup mounted inside the housing. The mesh cup is installed with a guaranteed gap from the bottom of the housing to ensure the collection of water released from mechanical impurities. The mesh cup allows washing of mechanical impurities with hot water from a heat exchanger 14 supplied through a pipe 29 for supplying washing water to a container for separated mechanical impurities, to ensure that the content of hydrocarbons in mechanical impurities is not more than 15%. In addition, an ultrasonic level sensor is installed on the lid of the container 12 to monitor the filling of the container 12 connected to the power supply and control unit 28.

When testing the inventive installation for cleaning oil and oil reservoirs from sediments, it was determined that the oil separated in the block 8 separation of eroded sediments meets regulatory requirements for the maximum content of water and solids. Thus, the direction of the separated oil from block 8 separation of washed-out sediments for additional purification, for example in the oil-water filtering unit (NVFU), used for these purposes in the prototype, is impractical. In addition, the use of NVFU for cleaning the separated oil product, used in the prototype, is critical at the request of round-the-clock operation of the installation for cleaning. Even a short shutdown of the tank cleaning installation can lead to a decrease in the operating temperature of the НВФУ below 80-90 ° С, which can lead to the deposition of the purified oil product in the working pipelines of the НВФУ, a decrease in their cross-section and a decrease in the rate of purification of the oil product, up to a complete stop of the НВФУ.

In case of excess filling of the tank to be cleaned with technological water, as well as after completion of the main cycle of work on its cleaning, in order to prepare the unit for transportation, the water separated in the block 8 for the separation of eroded sediments is fed to the block 9 for cleaning the separated water. An oil-water filtering unit (NVFU), for example, NVFU-10 of EKOservice-NEFTEGAS LLC, in which the separated water is purified from oil product residues (oil) and mechanical impurities, can be used as block 9 for cleaning separated water.

From the purification unit 9, water that meets environmental requirements for the content of solids and hydrocarbons is discharged into an industrial sewer, solids into a tank 12 for separated solids. The separated oil product (oil) is returned to the purification unit 8 for the separation of eroded sediments, from where it is supplied to the tank 10 for separated oil.

Management (manual and automated) of the technological processes of cleaning the tank is carried out using the block 28 power and control. The power supply and control unit 28 comprises a control cabinet mounted in the casing of the heat power unit connected to an external terminal block for connecting external power supply from the power network of the oil pumping station (PS), which includes a cleaned tank, explosion-proof sensors installed on the units and installation units for cleaning, protection units and a set of power and control cables. As protection blocks, automatic switches of type VA can be used. As sensors, for example, level switches, flow sensors, pressure sensors, resistance temperature converters, control thermostats, shut-off thermostats, electromagnetic shut-off valves can be used. The power supply and control unit 28 provides operation and emergency protection of the electrical equipment of the installation for cleaning and is connected by cables of the power supply and control with the nodes and units of the installation for cleaning. The control cabinet is configured to receive power from the power station of the NPS, which includes a cleaned reservoir, by connecting the control cabinet to the connector block. This embodiment of the power supply and control unit allows you to quickly connect the unit to the energy system of the NPS and provides the necessary control of the parameters of the installation.

The washing liquid (water) from the tank 11 with water is repeatedly used in the process of cleaning the tank, which increases the efficiency of the work due to the reduction in the consumption of washing liquid.

For local tank post-treatment, a post-treatment unit is used, including a vacuum pump 22, connected, for example, by a pipe (not shown) with a capacity 5 for receiving washed sediments, and a suction device 18 located inside the tank to be cleaned, connected to a pipe 27 for removing the washing liquid from the heat exchanger 14 and a capacity of 5 for receiving fuzzy sediments. The vacuum pump 22 creates a vacuum in the tank 5 for receiving blurred deposits, which is thus disconnected by shutoff valves (not shown) from the line of the pump 6 for supplying blurred deposits.

The intake device 18 is installed at the bottom of the tank to be cleaned in the place of local accumulation of pollution and under the influence of the vacuum created by the vacuum pump 22, this area is cleaned. In this case, the evacuated deposits enter through the filter 7 coarse cleaning into the tank 5 for receiving blurred deposits. If necessary, to wash the bottom sediments in the area of local post-treatment, washing liquid heated in the heat exchanger 14 may be supplied into the intake device 18. After completing local tertiary treatment or filling the tank 5 for receiving blurry sediments, turn off the vacuum pump 22, connect the tank 5 for receiving blurry sediments to the pump 6 for supplying blurry sediments, and feed the deposits to block 8 for separation of blurry sediments. Next, the process is repeated similarly to the process of working with a submersible pump 17.

To increase the convenience of transportation and further placement at the site of the treatment works, the equipment of the installation can be divided into separate transportable technological units (not shown), which are interconnected before starting work with pipelines and flexible pipelines.

The transfer of oil and oil product tanks separated from the oil product deposits during the cleaning process directly to the mobile tank without the need for excessive additional purification, as well as the availability of the separated water purification unit to comply with environmental standards for discharge into industrial sewers, allows to accelerate the operation of the unit for cleaning oil and oil products tanks from deposits while ensuring trouble-free operation and compliance with the requirements for the degree of purification of separated oil such as are for and water.

Claims (8)

1. Installation for cleaning oil and oil reservoirs from deposits, containing: - a washing fluid supply unit and a washout pumping unit connected by pipelines to a cleaned tank equipped with process hatches, a phlegmatization unit connected to a cleaned tank, a washout pump for supplying washout deposits connected to a series of washout separation unit and a separated water purification unit, a mobile tank for separated oil, container for separated mechanical impurities, unit operation control unit, heat energy unit for heating the washing liquid for erosion of deposits, characterized in that: - the block of separation of fuzzy sediments is connected through a pipeline to discharge the separated oil product with a mobile tank for separated oil, through a pipeline to drain the water to the purification unit of the separated water, and through a pipe to drain the mechanical impurities to the tank for separated mechanical impurities, - the separated water purification unit is connected by means of the separated oil product removal pipeline to the blurred sediment separation unit, by the mechanical impurities removal pipeline - with a container for separated mechanical impurities, and contains a water discharge pipeline into the industrial sewer. 2. The installation according to p. 1, characterized in that the power supply and control unit operation includes a control cabinet installed in the casing of the heat power unit, while the control cabinet is configured to receive power from the power network of the oil pumping station (NPS) by connecting to the terminal block, installed outside the heat power unit. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the phlegmatization unit is made in the form of a permanently installed block of containers with nitrogen, which is under pressure, connected to the tank being cleaned through the process hatch. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the container for separated mechanical impurities consists of a housing, a quick-detachable lid and a mesh cup installed inside the housing with a guaranteed gap from the bottom, while an ultrasonic level sensor is installed on the quick-detachable lid to monitor the filling of the capacitance.

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