JP2015073983A - System for processing bilge in engine room of ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for processing bilge without causing clogging in an oil separator, while a conventional bilge processing system in which the bilge is temporarily reserved in a bilge well and then supplied to an oil separator has a problem in processing due to clogging in the oil separator caused by accumulation of sludge, oil, and rubbish.SOLUTION: An oil separation system having an apparatus for pre-processing the bilge to be fed into an oil separator includes: a cyclone-type sludge collector which allows the bilge water to continuously flow in for separation and removal of floating sludge and rubbish; and a pre-processing tank which allows the bilge water processed by the sludge collector to flow in for removal of floating oil and precipitates.

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil / water separation system including an oil / water separator that separates and removes oil from bilge (mixed liquid of oil, sludge, garbage, and water) generated in a ship engine room, before the bilge is fed into the oil / water separator. The present invention relates to a processing apparatus.

  Under the law concerning the prevention of marine pollution and maritime disasters, bilge is obliged to treat it to an oil concentration of 15 ppm or less with an oil / water separator and discharge it to the outside of the ship. In general, the bilge is stored in a bilge tank or bilge well, the floating oil is avoided and the bottom liquid is collected and discharged out of the ship through the oil / water separator.

Bilge occurs as follows: leakage from stern pipe, seawater pump, fresh water pump seals, diesel engine air cooler, steam generated from outer plate, fuel oil pump seals, air compressor air drain In addition, lubrication of diesel engine valves and exhaust valves, etc. and bilge containing sludge are widely used when the strainer is open, washing bilge, fuel oil purifier, discharge from lubricant cleaner, chimney mist receiver, etc. It has occurred.

The bilge in the engine room is once collected in a bilge well, and the bilge is oil-mixed water. In addition, bilge containing sludge and soot is mixed in an oil-water separator with elements such as filters and coalescers. Through this process, the oil is separated and removed, and the oil concentration is kept below the specified value and discharged outside the ship.

However, if the bilge of the bilge well is pumped up and sent to the oil-water separator as it is, if a large amount of foreign matter such as dust is mixed, the oil-water separator will be clogged relatively early. Therefore, conventionally, pretreatment is performed such that bilge water pumped from the bilge well is passed through a filter or strainer before the oil-water separator to remove foreign matters such as dust (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Patent Publication 2007-160264 Patent Publication 2011-092817 Patent Publication 08-156874 Patent Publication 06-127466

Treatment measures for engine room bilge Environment and energy research area by internet search

  In conventional oil and water separation systems for bilge water treatment, if filters and strainers are used to remove dirt and sludge before the oil and water separator, the filters and strainers must be frequently cleaned and replaced. Maintenance is complicated, labor saving is difficult, and the cost of consumables is high.

The present invention is an oil-water separation system including an oil-water separator that separates and removes oil from bilge water, and a pretreatment for removing sludge and dust in front of the oil-water separator at low cost, and The purpose is to make it possible to save labor.

Means to solve the problem

In order to achieve the above object, an oil / water separation system including an oil / water separator that separates and removes oil from bilge is used as a bilge pretreatment device to be sent to the oil / water separator, and bilge water is continuously introduced to float. A cyclone-type sludge collector for separating and removing sludge and dust by centrifugal force, and a pretreatment tank for removing levitation oil and sediment by introducing bilge water treated by the sludge collector are provided.

In this oil / water separation system, the pretreatment tank is divided into A, B, and C tanks, and the A tanks are provided with heaters, and the upper boundary walls of the A and B tanks and the lower boundary walls of the B and C tanks. A reverse-floating floating oil sump provided with a slit-like oil discharge port that opens horizontally and upwards in the ceilings of the A and B tanks, and the oil in the upper part of the C tank parallel to the liquid level. It is equipped with a funnel opened upward at the same height as the opening surface of the discharge port.

Bilge water is continuously fed into the sludge collector, and the bilge water from which the suspended sludge and dust are separated and removed by centrifugal force is sent near the bottom of the tank A and heated by the heater and rises. Flow occurs, the viscosity of the oil decreases and separation is promoted, sludge and heavy garbage flow down and settle at the bottom of the tank A, oil and light garbage float with the bilge water, and the boundary between the tanks A and B Passing through the upper opening, light oil and light dust are collected in the floating oil sump, and the floating oil and dust lighter than bilge water are separated and removed from the oil discharge port.

Bilge water descends in the B tank and passes through the opening at the bottom of the boundary between the B and C tanks. In the C tank, the bilge water from which the sludge, dust and oil are separated from the funnel is received in the receiving tank. When the low liquid level float switch is actuated, the pretreatment pump is activated and sent to the oil / water separator. When the high liquid level float switch is actuated, the pretreatment pump is automatically stopped.

With this bilge pretreatment device, when bilge processing is performed from a bilge tank with a bilge pump, it is possible to process continuously, it is easy to automate and save labor, and the oil / water separator clogging, which is a problem, can be eliminated and maintenance is performed. In order to maintain a substantially stationary state as in the conventional bilge pretreatment device, the ship must be anchored and the time for bilge processing is limited, but this invention has almost no liquid level. Since the oil is discharged using the difference in specific gravity, it can be used even when not berthed.

In the invention of claim 4, when the height of the opening surface of the funnel is lowered from the oil discharge port surface in the pretreatment tank, the specific gravity of the discharged oil changes, and the height of the opening surface of the funnel is reduced. The specific gravity of the discharged oil can be adjusted by manual adjustment.

In the invention according to claim 5, the bilge discharged from the funnel provided in the C tank is provided in an exhaust pipe provided with an air introduction pipe and an exhaust fan and a receiving tank provided with a water heater below the internal low liquid level. Water is supplied to the receiving tank, and the low liquid level float switch is activated and activated by the water heater and the exhaust fan. When the high liquid level float switch is activated, the water tank is automatically stopped to heat the water. It is possible to reduce the amount sent to the oil / water separator by evaporating it and releasing it from the exhaust pipe with the exhaust fan. When the amount of bilge is small, the treatment can be performed without sending it to the oil / water separator. it can.

Effect of the invention

  Thus, according to the bilge pretreatment device of the present invention, the treatment for removing foreign matters such as sludge and dust in front of the oil-water separator can be made at low cost and can save labor. .

It is the schematic of the bilge processing system which concerns on the conventional embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment tank concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a general | schematic systematic diagram of the bilge processing system automated about the case where Claim 4 which concerns on embodiment of this invention is employ | adopted. It is a schematic system diagram of a bilge processing system in the case where Claim 5 concerning an embodiment of the present invention is adopted.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 provides a bilge pretreatment device that supplies oil, light garbage, sludge, and heavy garbage to an oil / water separator in a bilge treatment system for bilge generated in an engine room in a bilge treatment system. It is in.

  The bilge treatment system according to this embodiment is configured such that oil leaked from an engine of a ship's engine room, boiler or equipment, water, sludge, dust, and water mixed with sweat generated from an outer plate are once stored in a bilge well 1 as bilge (BW). The bilge (BW) in the bilge well 1 is pumped up by the bilge pump 2, and is separated into oil and water by the oil / water separator 4 containing elements such as a filter and a coalescer through the water feed pipe 3, and the separated oil is discharged. Water dropped into the waste oil tank 6 through the pipe 5 and drained into the bilge well 1 through the drain pipe 7, and the water whose oil concentration is below the specified value (regulated to 15 ppm or less by law) is drained. 8 is configured to discharge outboard.

  In this bilge treatment system, the bilge pretreatment device 10 for removing floating oil, sludge, and dust in front of the oil / water separator 4 continuously flows in the bilge (BW) pumped from the bilge well 1 by the bilge pump 2. The cyclone-type sludge collector 11 that separates and removes the remaining sludge and debris by centrifugal force and the bilge water (BW) treated by the sludge collector 11 are separated into floating oil and sediment. And a pretreatment tank 12 is provided.

In the bilge pretreatment device 10, a water supply pipe 13 branched from the water supply pipe 3 on the downstream side of the bilge pump 2 is connected to the inlet 13 </ b> A of the sludge collector 11.

In the sludge collector 11, a swirling motion is caused by continuously flowing bilge (BW), the remaining sludge and dust are separated and removed by centrifugal force, and the heavy dust and sludge separated from the discharge port 15A are discharged and strainer. 14, and only the liquid material is connected to the bilge well 1 by a sludge discharge pipe 15. On the other hand, the bilge (BW) which has processed heavy garbage and sludge is supplied from the outlet 16 A to the pretreatment tank 12 inlet 16 B. 16 is connected.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pretreatment tank 12 is divided into an A tank 21, a B tank 22, and a C tank 23, and hot water branched from a cooling water pipe (high temperature cooling water pipe) 19 of a cylinder jacket of a diesel engine. The water supply pipe 18 is connected to the hot water heater 20 to heat the bilge (BW), the hot water return pipe 17 is connected to the cooling water pipe 19, and the valve 9 is provided between the pipe 18 and the pipe 17 of the high temperature heating pipe 19. The water supply pipe 16 is disposed as close as possible to the bottom of the A tank, and a floating oil reservoir 26 having a reverse concave shape is provided on the ceiling of the A tank 21 and the B tank 22.

The pretreatment tank 12 is provided with an opening at the upper part of the wall 27 at the boundary between the A tank 21 and the B tank 22 and at the lower part of the wall 28 at the boundary between the B tank 22 and the C tank 23, and horizontally on the ceiling part of the floating oil sump 26. A slit-like floating oil discharge port 29 that opens upward is provided, and a floating oil discharge pipe 31 is disposed between the waste oil tank 6 and the outside of the treatment tank 12 from the liquid receiving unit 30 that receives the floating oil that has been discharged from the discharge port 29. A funnel 32 opened upward in parallel with the liquid surface is provided at the top of the C tank 23 at the same height as the floating oil discharge port 29, and a pipe 34 is provided between the funnel 32 and a bilge (BW) receiving tank 33. The receiving tank 33 is provided with a high liquid level float switch 35 and a low liquid level float switch 36, and a pretreatment pump 37 is provided from the receiving tank 33 to the water supply pipe 38 for supplying water to the oil / water separator 4. Connected to tube 3.

A valve 3B and a valve 3C are provided downstream of the branch point of the valve 3A and the water supply pipe 13 on the upstream side of the bilge pump 2 of the water supply pipe 3, respectively.

Further, a valve 25A is provided in the branch pipe 25 between the bilge pump 2 of the water supply pipe 3 and the valve 3A, and is led to the bottom of the A tank 21 of the pretreatment tank 10.

The valve 3A of the pipe 3 is opened, the valve 25A and the valve 3B are closed, and when the bilge pump 2 is started, the bilge well (BW) is reached from the bilge well 1 through the pipe 3 to the sludge collector 11 through the pipe 13 and sludge is removed. ) Flows into the bilge pipe 16 and is slowly released from below the A tank 21, the bilge (BW) is heated by the hot water heater 20, and the heavy sludge is separated in the ascending process and lowered downward. Oil and light debris separates from bilge (BW) and floats in the process where light debris, oil and bilge (BW) pass through the upper part of wall 27 of A tank 21 and B tank 22 and float on the bottom. The heavy water is separated in the B tank 22 and reaches the C tank 23 through the lower opening of the wall 28 of the B tank 22 and C23, and the bilge (BW) from which light dust, oil, heavy sludge and dust are separated and removed is C Set in tank 23 The oil is discharged from the funnel 32. If the surface of the floating oil discharge port 29 is the same as the opening surface of the funnel 32, oil or lighter dust than the specific gravity of the bilge (BW) is discharged from the floating oil by water pressure. When the height of the opening surface of the funnel 32 is lowered from the surface 29 of the floating oil discharge port, the specific gravity of the discharged oil changes, and the oil content to be discharged depends on the height of the opening surface of the funnel 32. Specific gravity can be adjusted.

A pipe 34 and a valve 34A are provided between the funnel 32 and the bilge (BW) receiving tank 33, and when the low liquid level float switch 36 of the receiving tank 33 is activated, the pretreatment pump 37 is activated. When supplied to the oil / water separator 4 via the water feed pipe 3 of the oil / water separator 4 and the high liquid level float switch 35 is operated, the pretreatment pump 37 is automatically stopped.

If sludge that has not been treated by the sludge collector 11 when used for a long time is deposited on the bottom of the A tank 21 of the pretreatment tank 10, the valve 3A is manually closed again and the valve 25A is opened. When the valve 3B is closed and the bilge pump 2 is driven, the bilge (BW) and the precipitated sludge are mixed from the bottom of the tank A and pumped by the bilge pump 2 through the pipe 25 and supplied to the sludge collector 11 to remove sludge and dust. The heavy dust and sludge separated and removed by the centrifugal force and discharged from the discharge port 15A are discharged and removed by the strainer 14, and only the liquid material is connected to the bilge well 1 by the sludge discharge pipe 15, while the heavy dust and sludge are removed. The removed bilge (BW) is connected from the outlet 16A to the pretreatment tank 12 inlet 16B by the water supply pipe 16, and again. Continuously sludge fraction was refluxed in bilge tube 16 can be separated process.

Further, when the valve 34A is manually throttled in the floating oil reservoir 26 while the bilge pump 2 is operating, the liquid level in the tank C rises, and the floating oil overflows from the discharge port 29 due to water pressure.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the micro pressure gauge 43 is attached to the bottom of the C tank by this method and the liquid level height of the C tank is input by the controller 45 in conjunction with the electrically operated valve 44 and the micro pressure gauge 43. The specific gravity of floating oil can be adjusted.

  A schematic system of the bilge processing system in the case of adopting claim 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4. The receiving tank 33 has an air intake pipe 44 from the atmosphere and an exhaust pipe 48 equipped with an exhaust fan 46. A high liquid level float switch 35 and a low liquid level float switch 36, an electric heater 47 is provided below the liquid level of the low liquid level float switch 35, and the low liquid level float switch 36 and the high liquid level flow When the switch 35 is activated, the electric heater 47 is turned off. When neither switch is activated, the electric heater 47 is turned on, and the bilge (BW) is heated and evaporated to 100 ° C. or more, while the exhaust fan 46 is operated. , Release steam to the atmosphere. Further, when the high liquid level float switch 35 is operated, the pretreatment pump 37 is operated to supply bilge (BW) to the oil / water separator 4.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bilge well 2 Bilge pump 3.5.7.8 13.15.16.17.18.5.25.31.33.48 Pipe 4 Oil-water separator 6 Waste oil tank 10 Bilge pretreatment device 11 Sludge collector 12 Pretreatment tank 14 Strainer 19 High temperature cooling water pipe 20 Hot water heater 21 A tank 22 B tank 23 C tank 26 Floating oil sump 27.28 Wall 29 Outlet 30 Liquid receiving part 32 Funnel 33 Receiving tank 35 High liquid level float switch 36 Low liquid level float switch 37 Front Processing pumps 39, 40, 41 Air vent pipe 43 Micro pressure gauge 44 Electric valve 45 Controller 46 Exhaust fan 47 Electric heater 48 Exhaust pipe

Claims (5)

  An oil-water separation system comprising an oil-water separator that separates and removes oil from bilge (mixed liquid of oil, sludge, garbage, and water), and as a bilge pretreatment device fed to the oil-water separator, bilge water is continuously used It consists of a cyclone type sludge collector that separates and removes sludge and dust that floats by inflow by centrifugal force, and a pretreatment tank that removes floating oil and sediment by flowing in bilge water treated by the sludge collector. A bilge pretreatment device characterized by comprising:   In the oil / water separation system, the pretreatment tank is divided into A, B, and C tanks, and the A tank is provided with a heater, at the upper boundary wall between the A and B tanks and at the lower boundary wall between the B and C tanks. An inverted concave floating oil sump provided with an opening, and a slit-like oil discharge port opened horizontally and upward in the ceiling of the A and B tanks, and the oil drainage parallel to the liquid level at the upper part of the C tank. The bilge pretreatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a funnel opened upward at the same height as the opening surface of the outlet.   In the oil / water separation system, the bilge water is continuously started to be fed to the sludge collector, and the suspended sludge and the bilge water that has been separated and removed by centrifugal force are sent near the bottom of the tank A. Heated by the heater, an upward flow is generated, the viscosity of the oil is lowered and separation is promoted, sludge and heavy garbage flow down and settle to the bottom of the tank A, and oil and light garbage float with the bilge water. Passing through the opening at the upper boundary of the B tank, light oil and debris accumulate in the floating oil sump, and the floating oil that is lighter than bilge water is separated and removed from the oil outlet, and heavy bilge water is stored in the B tank. Lowers and passes through the opening at the bottom of the boundary between the B and C tanks. In the C tank, the bilge water from which the sludge and oil are separated is received from the funnel and the low liquid level float switch is activated. The pretreatment pump is activated and the oil-water separation is started. The fed, bilge pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the Koekimen float switch is configured to automatically stop when activated. In the oil-water separation system, when the opening surface of the funnel of the C tank of the pretreatment tank is lowered, the specific gravity of the floating oil discharged changes, and the height of the opening surface of the funnel is manually adjusted to discharge The bilge pretreatment device according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of the oil can be adjusted.   In the oil / water separation system, the bilge water discharged from the funnel provided in the tank C is placed in the exhaust pipe provided with the air introduction pipe and the exhaust fan and the receiving tank provided with the bilge heater inside the low liquid level. In response, the low level float switch is activated, the bilge heater and the exhaust fan are activated, and the bilge heater and the exhaust fan are automatically stopped when the high level float switch is activated. The bilge pretreatment device according to claim 1.

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