JP5543743B2 - Oil / water separation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil / water separation system equipped with an oil / water separator that separates and removes oil from a mixture of oil and water, and in particular, treats bilge water generated in the ship to keep the oil concentration below a specified value and out of the ship. The present invention relates to an oil-water separation system suitable for discharging.

  Bilge water discharged as drainage from engine accessories and boilers in the engine room of the ship and collected in the bilge tank is water mixed with oil, but also sludge, soot, and suspended suspended solids SS ( suspended solids) and other components. Therefore, the bilge water in the bilge tank is processed to separate and remove the oil through an oil / water separator with built-in elements such as filters and coalescers, and the oil concentration is kept below a specified value and discharged to the outside of the ship. . However, because trash is inevitably contained in the bilge tank, and sludge that is an oil deposit accumulates, if the bilge water in the bilge tank is pumped and sent to the oil-water separator as it is, a large amount of foreign matter such as trash is mixed in. If this is the case, the oil-water separator may become clogged relatively early. Therefore, conventionally, bilge water pumped from the bilge tank is passed through a filter or strainer before the oil-water separator, and pretreatment is performed so as to remove foreign matters such as dust (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-160264 A

  In oil / water separation systems for bilge water treatment, etc., if filters or strainers are used to remove foreign substances such as dust in front of the oil / water separator as before, the filters and strainers are frequently cleaned and replaced. Maintenance is complicated, labor saving is difficult, and the cost of consumables is high.

  The present invention relates to an oil / water separation system for separating and removing oil from a mixed liquid of oil and water, such as for bilge water treatment, in which pretreatment for removing foreign matters such as sludge and dust in front of the oil / water separator is reduced. The object is to reduce costs and save labor.

Oil-water separation system of the present invention is a oil-water separation system having a oil-water separator for separating and removing oil from a mixture of oil and water, as a device for pretreating the liquid mixture fed to the oil-water separator, and oil A pretreatment tank that removes floating oil and sediment while maintaining the liquid mixture with water in a substantially stationary state, and the sludge and dust that float by flowing the liquid mixture treated in the pretreatment tank are separated and removed by centrifugal force. and sludge collector is provided of the cyclone.

  In this oil / water separation system, the mixed liquid to be treated by the oil / water separator is first kept stationary in the pretreatment tank before being sent to the oil / water separator, and the floating oil and sediment containing sludge are removed. Then, it flows into the cyclone-type sludge collector, and foreign substances such as floating sludge and dust are separated and removed by centrifugal force. Then, the mixed liquid from which foreign matters such as sludge and dust are removed by such pretreatment is sent to the oil-water separator, where oil is removed by oil-water separation treatment.

  By removing foreign matters such as sludge and dust in front of the oil-water separator in this way, the oil-water separator can be prevented from being clogged with foreign matters such as sludge and dust, and the service life of the oil-water separator is extended. In addition, the maintenance is simple, labor saving is easy, and the cost is low, compared to the conventional pretreatment using a filter or strainer.

In this oil / water separation system, the pretreatment tank is a funnel for discharging floating oil that is open upward in parallel with the liquid level of the mixed liquid that is sent to the pretreatment tank and is kept in a substantially stationary state with the upper surface positioned at the upper part of the tank. It is good to have. Then, feeding of the liquid mixture to the pretreatment tank is started, and the height of the liquid level of the liquid mixture in the pretreatment tank is adjusted so that the discharge path for discharging the floating oil from the funnel to the outside of the tank is opened. After the rising of the floating oil from the funnel has started to rise to almost the same height as the upper surface, when the floating oil in the pretreatment tank has almost been discharged after a predetermined time has elapsed, the liquid mixture to the pretreatment tank delivery of is stopped, a mixture after the floating oil is removed the better to such manual operation of the system to be to be fed toward the sludge collector is configured as possible. By doing so, it becomes possible to almost completely remove the floating oil from the mixed liquid fed into the pretreatment tank.

  In this case, the liquid mixture fed into the pretreatment tank is held in a substantially stationary state in the tank to form a substantially horizontal liquid surface, and a floating oil layer is formed at the top. When the level of the liquid mixture in the pretreatment tank rises to the same level as the upper surface of the funnel with the discharge path from the funnel open, and reaches the height exceeding the upper surface of the funnel, Floating oil flows down into the funnel and is discharged out of the tank through the discharge path. And by sending in the liquid mixture to the pretreatment tank, the floating oil is discharged one after another, and the floating oil layer is thinned. For example, about 1 to 2 minutes (predetermined time) When elapses, the floating oil is almost completely discharged.

  Other operations for discharging floating oil from the pretreatment tank include, for example, the level of the liquid mixture in the pretreatment tank with the discharge path for discharging the liquid mixture from the funnel to the outside of the tank closed. When the bottom of the floating oil layer is almost the same height as the top surface of the funnel, the operation to open the discharge path from the funnel and discharge the floating oil. Is also possible. However, in that case, since floating oil other than the vicinity of the funnel tends to remain without being discharged, a countermeasure is required separately.

  This oil-water separation system, especially in the case of ship bilge water treatment, has restrictions on the oil concentration at the time of discharge, but requires labor saving and cost reduction, and it is easy to mix trash etc. before treatment It is suitable for.

  As described above, according to the oil / water separation system of the present invention, pretreatment for removing foreign matters such as sludge and dust in front of the oil / water separator can be made at low cost and can save labor. it can.

It is the schematic of the oil-water separation system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the pretreatment tank in the oil-water separation system of FIG. 1, (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a cross-sectional view.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is an oil / water separation system for treating bilge water for treating bilge water generated in a ship and suppressing the oil concentration to a specified value or less and discharging it to the outside of the ship.

  The oil / water separation system of this embodiment temporarily stores bilge water (BW) discharged as drainage from an engine auxiliary machine or boiler in the engine room of a ship in the bilge tank 1 and stores the bilge water (BW) in the bilge tank 1. The water is pumped up by the bilge pump 2, and the bilge water (BW) is sent to the oil / water separator 3 containing elements such as a filter and coalescer through the water supply piping line (BL). Then, the oil-water separator 3 performs oil-water separation treatment, and the separated oil is dropped into the sludge tank 4 through the draining piping line (EL), and the drain is dropped into the sludge tank 4 through the draining piping line (DL). The water whose oil concentration is below a specified value (regulated by the law to be 15 PPM or less) is configured to be discharged outside the ship through a drainage piping line (WL).

  And in this oil-water separation system, the bilge water (BW) pumped up from the bilge tank 1 is kept stationary as a device for performing a pretreatment for removing foreign matters such as sludge and dust in front of the oil-water separator 3. The floating oil is removed, the pretreatment tank 5 that removes sediment containing sludge, and the water treated in the pretreatment tank 5 is caused to flow to cause a swivel motion, and the remaining sludge and dust are removed by centrifugal force. A cyclone type sludge collector 6 for separation and removal is provided.

  The pretreatment tank 5 is branched from the water supply piping line (BL) on the downstream side of the bilge pump 2 and merged with the water supply piping line (BL) on the upstream side of the bilge pump 2 (PL ). And in the pretreatment tank 5, the forked portion corresponding to the two floating oil recovery parts partitioned inside the pretreatment tank 5 is dropped so that the oil floating in the pretreatment tank 5 is dropped into the sludge tank 4. A floating oil discharge piping line (FL) provided with opening / closing valves 7A and 7B and having a lower end connected to a drain piping line (DL), and sediment containing sludge sinking to the bottom of the pretreatment tank 5 Open / close valves 8A and 8B are provided at the forked portions corresponding to the two sludge collecting portions partitioned inside the pretreatment tank 5 so as to be dropped into the sludge tank 4, and the lower ends thereof are connected to a drain piping line (DL). The connected sludge discharge piping line (SL) is connected.

  The sludge collector 6 is installed on the downstream side of the water supply piping line (BL) from the position where the pretreatment water supply piping line (PL) branches. The sludge collector 6 is connected with a dust discharge piping line (RL) so that the separated sludge and dust are discharged, the dust is removed by the strainer 9, and only the liquid material is dropped into the sludge tank 4. .

  Further, on the upstream side of the bilge pump 2 in the water supply piping line (BL), upstream of the position where the pretreatment water supply piping line (PL) joins, an opening / closing valve 11 for water supply is provided. Between the upstream side of the pretreatment tank 5 of the pipe line for treated water supply (PL) and the position of the pipe line for pretreated water supply (PL) where the pipe line for pretreated water supply (PL) branches and the sludge collector 6 On the downstream side of the pretreatment tank 5 of the pretreatment water supply piping line (PL), line switching on-off valves 12, 13, and 14 are respectively provided.

  In addition, on-off valves 15 and 16 are also provided on the draining oil line (EL) and the draining pipe line (DL) connected to the oil / water separator 3, respectively.

  Further, in this oil / water separation system, three-way driven by the switching control device 17 in the middle of a drainage pipe line (WL) that discharges water treated by the oil / water separator 3 and having an oil concentration below a specified value. A valve 18 is provided. By operating the three-way valve 18, the water discharged from the oil / water separator 3 is not discharged out of the ship through the drainage piping line (WL), but the bilge recovery piping line (NL ) To switch the line back to the bilge tank 1.

  A sample water collecting piping line (AL) branched from the draining piping line (WL) is provided in front of the three-way valve 18 (side closer to the oil / water separator 3). The bilge alarm is sent to the switching control device 17 to monitor whether or not the oil concentration of the water that has flowed into the sample water collection piping line (AL) is below a specified value. 19 is provided. Further, a pipe line (CL) for collecting sample water is provided so as to return water from the bilge alarm 19 to the pipe (TL) for recovery during a test operation described later via the hopper 20.

  When the bilge alarm 19 detects that the oil concentration exceeds the specified value and issues an alarm signal, the three-way valve 18 is operated by the switching control device 17, and the drainage piping line (WL) becomes the recovery piping line. Lines are switched so as to communicate with (NL). It can be visually confirmed at the hopper 20 that water is being sent to the bilge alarm 19 through the pipe line (AL) for collecting sample water.

  Further, this oil-water separation system is provided with another three-way valve 21 downstream of the three-way valve 18 of the drainage piping line (WL), and the water discharged from the oil-water separator 3 by the operation of this three-way valve 21. Is not discharged to the outside of the ship through the drainage piping line (WL), but can be returned to the bilge tank 1 through the hopper 22 through the recovery operation piping line (TL).

  The inspector is usually on board when the ship enters the port to check whether this oil-water separation system is operating normally as specified and for illegal use. However, since the ship is stopped at that time, it cannot be operated to drain water out of the ship. (There is a rule that drainage of bilge water out of the ship should not be done when the ship is running.) .) For this reason, a piping line (TL) for recovery during test operation that is switched by the three-way valve 21 is provided in this way. Switching to this piping line (TL) can be visually confirmed at the hopper 22 portion.

  In addition, this oil / water separation system is provided with a bypass line (ML) so that the sludge collector 6 can be bypassed during maintenance of the sludge collector 6, and water is supplied along the bypass line (ML) and downstream of the sludge collector 6. Open / close valves 23, 24, and 25 are provided in the piping line (BL) for wastewater and the piping line (RL) for discharging dust.

  FIG. 2 shows the structure of the pretreatment tank 5 in the oil / water separation system of this embodiment. Hereinafter, the structure of the pretreatment tank 5 will be described. However, the structure of the pretreatment tank 5 is not limited to this.

  The pretreatment tank 5 shown in FIG. 2 includes a box-shaped tank body 51 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape (but not limited to this). And the tank main body 51 is inside the tank bottom direction (left and right direction in FIGS. 2 (a) and (b)) near one end (right side in FIGS. 2 (a) and (b)), and the tank bottom surface. An upper partition wall 52 extending from the position where the gap is opened to the top surface of the tank is provided, and rises from the bottom of the tank toward the other end in the longitudinal direction of the tank (closest to the left end in FIGS. 2A and 2B) A lower partition wall 53 is provided which partially wraps in the height direction with the lower portion of the upper partition wall 52 and reaches a height of about ¼ to the tank upper surface.

  The inside of the tank body 51 of the pretreatment tank 5 is formed by the upper partition wall 52 and the lower partition wall 53 in one end side in the tank longitudinal direction (the right end side in FIGS. 2A and 2B) and the central portion ( 2 (a) and (b) in the vicinity of the center) and the other end side (left end side in (a) and (b) of FIG. 2). As shown to (a), it is the form which meanders up and down and communicates.

  The tank body 51 is covered with a pipe line (PL) for pretreatment water supply on the upper side of the tank side on one end side (right end side in FIGS. 2A and 2B) close to the upper partition wall 52. A raw water inlet 54 through which bilge water (BW), which is a processing liquid, flows from a position close to the tank upper surface is provided. A raw water receiver 55 for overflowing the compartment is provided.

  Further, in the tank body 51, water after treatment (hereinafter referred to as treated water) is provided on the upper part of the tank side surface on the other end side (the left end side in FIGS. 2A and 2B) close to the lower partition wall 53. ) Is sent to a sludge collector via a water supply piping line (BL), and a treated water outlet 56 for pumping up and discharging from a position close to the bottom of the tank is provided.

  And in the pretreatment tank 5, the tank longitudinal direction of the inside of the tank main body 51 was sandwiched between the upper partition wall 52 and the tank side surface on one end side (the right end side in FIGS. 2A and 2B). The position of the partition part on the one end side and the partition part on the center part lower than the raw water receiver 55 at the upper part of the tank is a floating oil recovery part, and the upper surface is positioned in the floating oil recovery part and sent to the pretreatment tank 5 Floating oil discharge funnels 57 and 58 opened upward are arranged so as to be parallel to the liquid level of the mixed liquid held in a substantially stationary state. And the lower part of each of these funnels 57 and 58 becomes a pipe-like shape, extends downward in the tank body 51 substantially vertically, bends in the horizontal direction at a position slightly higher than the upper end of the lower partition wall 53, and moves in the tank width direction. Is open on the tank side surface on one side (the front side in FIG. 2A and the lower side in FIG. 2B). The pipe-shaped portion that is bent and opened to the tank side surface constitutes a part of the floating oil discharge piping line (FL) in FIG. 1 (upstream portion of the bifurcated portion). The floating oil discharge piping line (FL) constitutes a discharge path for discharging the mixed liquid from the funnels 57 and 58 to the outside of the tank. On the outer ends of these pipe-shaped portions, opening / closing valves 7A and 7B of a piping line (FL) for discharging floating oil are installed.

  The pretreatment tank 5 has one end side (the right end side in FIGS. 2A and 2B) and the other end side (FIGS. 2A and 2B) inside the tank body 51 in the tank longitudinal direction. The corner of one side in the tank width direction (on the left end side in b) (the front side in FIG. 2A and the lower side in FIG. 2B) is a sludge collection section, and the tank opens to these sludge collection sections. Sludge discharge ports 59 and 60 are provided on the tank side surface on one side in the width direction. These sludge discharge ports 59 and 60 constitute part of the sludge discharge piping line (SL) in FIG. 1 (upstream portion of the bifurcated portion). At the outer ends of these sludge discharge ports 59, 60, on-off valves 8A, 8B of a sludge discharge piping line (SL) are installed.

  Further, the pretreatment tank 5 has a partition portion and a center on one end side in the tank longitudinal direction sandwiched between the upper partition wall 52 and the tank side surface on one end side (the right end side in FIGS. 2A and 2B). 1 side of the tank width direction (the front side in FIG. 2 (a), (b) so as to open at a position that is substantially the same height as the upper surface of the funnels 57, 58 for discharging floating oil and the floating oil discharge funnels In the lower side of the tank, the inspection ports 61 and 62 are provided, and the inspection valves 63 and 64 are installed at the outer ends of the inspection ports 61 and 62.

  The pretreatment tank 5 is provided with a float type level sensor 65 that detects the liquid level inside the tank body 51.

  In the treatment by this oil / water separation system, the open / close valves 7A and 7B of the floating oil discharge piping line (FL) are always opened, and the discharge path from the float oil 57 and 58 of the pretreatment tank 5 to the outside of the tank is discharged. Leave open. Then, the open / close valves 8A and 8B of the sludge discharge piping line (SL) are closed, the open / close valve 11 upstream of the water supply piping line (BL) is opened, and the downstream side of the water supply piping line (BL) is opened. With the open / close valve 13 closed, the open / close valve 12 on the upstream side of the pretreatment water supply piping line (PL) opened, and the open / close valve 14 on the downstream side of the pretreatment water supply pipe line (PL) closed, the bilge pump 2 is driven, and bilge water (BW) pumped up from the bilge tank 1 is sent to the pretreatment tank 5 through the pretreatment piping line (PL).

  The bilge water (BW) fed into the pretreatment tank in this state is held in a substantially stationary state in the tank to form a substantially horizontal liquid level, and a floating oil layer is formed on the top. Then, when the level of the bilge water (BW) in the pretreatment tank 5 rises to substantially the same level as the upper surfaces of the funnels 57 and 58 and reaches the height exceeding the upper surfaces of the funnels 57 and 58, The floating oil flows down into the funnels 57 and 58, and is discharged from the floating oil discharge piping line (FL) to the sludge tank 4 through the drain piping line (DL). And by sending in bilge water (BW) to the pretreatment tank 5, it becomes the outermost surface one after another and the floating oil is discharged, and the floating oil layer is thin, for example, about 1 to 2 minutes. When (predetermined time) has elapsed, the floating oil is almost completely discharged.

  Thus, when the floating oil of the bilge water (BW) in the pretreatment tank 5 is almost exhausted, the bilge pump 2 is stopped and the feeding of the bilge water (BW) to the pretreatment tank 5 is stopped.

  Then, the open / close valves 8A and 8B of the sludge discharge piping line (SL) are opened, and the drain containing the sludge is dropped into the sludge tank 4.

  Then, the upstream opening / closing valve 11 of the water supply piping line (BL) is closed, the downstream opening / closing valve 13 is opened, and the upstream opening / closing valve 12 of the pretreatment water supply piping line (PL) is closed. Open / close valve 14 on the downstream side of the treated water supply piping line (PL) is opened to switch the line, and the bilge pump 2 is driven to remove the drainage of floating oil and sludge in the pretreatment tank 5. Is returned to the water supply piping line (BL) and sent to the cyclone-type sludge collector 6.

  The sludge collector 6 separates and discharges foreign matters such as sludge and dust by centrifugal force, removes solid matters such as dust with a strainer 9, and drops the liquid matter into the sludge tank 4.

  Then, the water from which foreign matters such as sludge and dust are removed by the sludge collector 6 is sent to the oil separator 3. Then, in the oil / water separator 3, an oil / water separation process is performed by passing an element such as a filter or a coalescer so that the oil concentration becomes a specified value or less.

  Then, the oil separated by the oil separation process is dropped into the sludge tank 4 by opening the opening / closing valve 15 of the draining piping line (EL), and the opening / closing valve 16 of the draining piping line (DL) is opened. Drain is dropped into the sludge tank 4 and the water whose oil concentration is kept below the specified value is discharged out of the ship through the drainage piping line (WL).

  Other operations for discharging floating oil from the pretreatment tank 5 include, for example, bilge water in the pretreatment tank 5 in a state in which the discharge path for discharging the mixed liquid from the funnels 57 and 58 to the outside of the tank is closed. When the liquid level of (BW) is higher than the upper surfaces of the funnels 57 and 58 by plus α and the bottom of the floating oil layer is substantially level with the upper surfaces of the funnels 57 and 58, the funnels 57, An operation of opening the discharge path from 58 and discharging the floating oil is also possible.

  In that case, specifically, the water supply is performed with the open / close valves 7A and 7B of the floating oil discharge piping line (FL) and the open / close valves 8A and 8B of the sludge discharge piping line (SL) closed. Open / close valve 11 on the upstream side of the piping line (BL) for water supply, close open / close valve 13 on the downstream side of the piping line for water supply (BL), and open / close on the upstream side of the piping line for pretreatment water supply (PL) The valve 12 is opened, the on-off valve 14 on the downstream side of the pretreatment water supply piping line (PL) is closed, the bilge pump 2 is driven, and the bilge water (BW) pumped from the bilge tank 1 is pretreated. (PL) is sent to the pretreatment tank 5.

  And when the liquid level of bilge water (BW) becomes a certain level (plus α) higher than the upper surface of the funnels 57, 58, the water inspection valves 61, 62 are opened to see if oil is discharged or water is discharged. Check the position of the bottom of the floating oil layer, and when the bottom of the floating oil layer is almost level with the top of the funnels 57, 58, open and close the piping line (FL) for discharging the floating oil The valves 7A and 7B are opened, and the open / close valves 8A and 8B of the sludge discharge piping line (SL) are opened so that the drained oil and sludge containing sludge are dropped into the sludge tank 4.

  In the above embodiment, each on-off valve and three-way valve may be manually operated, or may be automatically operated.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and can be implemented in various modes within the scope of the technical idea of the invention.

  Moreover, the oil-water separation system of this invention can be applied also to processing of factory waste water, domestic waste water, etc. besides bilge water processing.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bilge tank 2 Bilge pump 3 Oil-water separator 4 Sludge tank 5 Pretreatment tank 6 Sludge collectors 57, 58 Funnel BW Bilge water BL Pipe line for water supply DL Pipe line for drain EL Pipe line for draining oil FL For floating oil discharge Piping line PL Piping line for pretreatment water SL Piping line for sludge discharge RL Piping line for waste discharge

Claims (2)

An oil-water separation system comprising an oil-water separator that separates and removes oil from a mixed liquid of oil and water, and as a device for pre-processing the mixed liquid fed to the oil-water separator, A pre-treatment tank that holds the oil floating and precipitates in a stationary state and a cyclone-type sludge collector that separates and removes sludge and dust floating by flowing the mixed liquid treated in the pre-treatment tank. Provided,
The pretreatment tank is provided with a funnel for discharging floating oil that is open upward in parallel with the liquid level of the mixed liquid that is positioned in the upper part of the tank and fed into the pretreatment tank and held in a substantially stationary state. When the feeding of the mixed liquid to the pretreatment tank is started and the discharge path for discharging the floating oil from the funnel to the outside of the tank is opened, the height of the liquid level of the mixed liquid in the pretreatment tank is After the floating oil is discharged to the same height as the top surface of the funnel and the discharge of the floating oil from the funnel is started, when the floating oil in the pretreatment tank is almost discharged after a predetermined time has elapsed, the pretreatment tank The oil and water is configured so that the operation of the system can be manually operated so that the mixed liquid is sent to the sludge collector after the floating oil is stopped and the floating oil is removed. Separation system. In the oil-water separation system for bilge water treatment, the mixture oil-water separation system of claim 1, wherein the bilge water of a ship.

Images