RU2244686C1 - Line for cleaning oil-polluted soils, grounds, and oil-slimes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil pollution elimination.

SUBSTANCE: line comprises hopper, screw conveyer provided with built-in jet washing system, tank for overflowed oil and floating substance from hopper, vibrosieve to separate floating substance from pollutants with washing liquid, and system for transferring floating substance from overflow tank onto vibrosieve. Hopper is further provided with charging grating and pressure mode means allowing direction of jet toward any point of the hopper and grating. Tank for overflowed oil and floating substance is provided with internal vapor sender and external warmth-keeping covering. Vibrosieve has effluent system and jet washing device. Alternatively, line is additionally provided with a means for feeding washing solution into lower part of the hopper.

EFFECT: improved quality of cleaning mixture of ground, vegetable residues, rocks, and solid oil-slimes, and enabled closed process.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the protection of the environment, namely the reclamation of oil-contaminated lands, the disposal of soil, soil, oil sludge.

A well-known installation for the treatment of oil sludge "Alfa Laval" (the prospectus of the company "Alfa-Laval" "Installation" Alfa-Laval "for the treatment of oil sludge"), containing a device for collecting oil sludge, heat exchangers for heating the sludge, fine and coarse filters, a hydrocyclone, a centrifuge , separators.

The known installation is designed for the processing of liquid sludge and oil recovery.

A known line for the processing of oil sludge (RF patent 2078739), including a unit for collecting and pumping oil sludge, a unit for collecting and pumping bottom sediment, a unit for separating oil sludge and bottom sediment, a unit for washing contaminated mechanical impurities, a unit for processing bottom sediment and oil sludge processing.

The line uses the technology of washing the oiled mechanical impurities from oil with a solvent - a light gasoline fraction. The specified installation is used in the integrated processing of oil sludge.

A well-known line for cleaning in the center for washing the soil and oil sludge firm "ERSO" (leaflet "Offer of the company EXPO for the supply of technological systems for environmental restoration"), selected for the prototype, containing a hopper equipped with a vibrating screen to remove large debris, an inclined screw conveyor tightly connected to the bottom of the hopper and having a built-in jet washing system directed against the movement of soil (sludge), a tank with a system of oil overflow and floating mass from the hopper, tandem vib sieve for separating large particles and plant residues from the floating mass, the system for supplying floating mass from the overflow tank to the vibrating screen in the form of a pipeline equipped with a pump, a four-section tank in which three compartments are equipped with mixing devices for sequential washing of fine-grained soil (sludge) and are equipped with a hydrocyclone a sand separator and a hydrocyclone sludge separator for separating the solid phase, and the fourth settling compartment is connected to a centrifuge for dewatering the sludge, ying, with overflow liquid further comprises a tank line preparation of chemical reagents and reactants in the system feed-desilter hydrocyclone and a centrifuge, the preparation tank and the washing liquid conduit failed to integrated flushing system.

A disadvantage of the known line is the design complexity. Soil deposited in the hopper soil (sludge) is carried out only by means of jet washing on a screw conveyor, directed against the movement of material, which, when the soil (sludge) is significantly contaminated with oil, does not ensure the quality of washing. In addition, in the line there is insufficient washing of large particles and plant debris when separating them from the floating mass on a tandem vibrating screen. The washing system of fine-grained soil (sludge), combined with conventional separation, essentially purifies the washing liquid from mechanical impurities and allows it to be returned to the stage of washing fine-grained soil (sludge), however, the washing liquid enters the washing cycle with oil, which affects on the quality of cleaning.

An object of the present invention is to provide a more efficient line for cleaning oil-contaminated soils, soils and oil sludges.

The proposed line is more economical and allows you to clean the mixture of soil, plant residues, rocks, solid oil sludge, solid-liquid pulp-like sludge, while ensuring the quality of washing and the cyclical process with multiple return of the washing fluid to the cleaning cycle.

The invention is represented by two variants of the cleaning line.

The technical result according to the first embodiment is achieved by the fact that in the line for cleaning oil-contaminated soils, soils and oil sludges, containing a hopper, an inclined screw conveyor with an integrated jet washing system, hermetically connected to the bottom of the hopper, a tank of oil overflow and floating mass from the hopper, a vibrating screen to separate floating mass from contaminated washing liquid, a system for supplying floating mass from the overflow tank to the vibrating screen in the form of a pipeline equipped with a pump, according to the invention, the hopper is equipped with a loading it is equipped with a grate and is equipped with at least one pressure setting with the possibility of directing the jet to any section of the hopper and the grid, the overflow capacity of oil and floating mass from the hopper is equipped with steam registers inside and has external insulation, the pipeline of the floating mass supply system to the vibrating screen is connected to the bottom part of the overflow tank, the vibrating screen for separating the floating mass has a drain system and is equipped with a jet washing unit located above the mesh surface of the vibrating screen, in addition, the cleaning line contains a vibrating screen with a drainage system for separating the soil (sludge) coming from the conveyor from the contaminated washing liquid, equipped with a jet washing unit located above the mesh surface of the vibrating screen, a settling tank with an internal partition for regenerating the washing liquid, equipped with steam registers inside, external insulation and a screw conveyor for removing precipitated mechanical impurities, a system for supplying washing liquid to the cleaning cycle, including a float intake device buried in a settling tank a product, a pump, a line of pipelines with wiring to washing plants, a hydrocyclone for additional purification of liquid from suspended particles. In addition, the hopper in its lower part is equipped with a washing solution supply device.

The technical result according to the second embodiment is achieved by the fact that in the line for cleaning oil-contaminated soils, soils and oil sludges, containing a hopper, an inclined screw conveyor with a built-in jet washing system, hermetically connected to the bottom of the hopper, a vibrating screen to separate the floating mass from the contaminated washing liquid, the output system and supplying the floating mass and oil from the hopper to the vibrating screen, according to the invention, the hopper is equipped with a loading grate and is equipped with at least one pressure mode installation with With the ability to direct the jet to any section of the hopper and net, the vibrating screen for separating the floating mass has a drain system and is equipped with a jet washing unit located above the grid surface of the vibrating screen, the system for outputting and supplying floating mass and oil from the hopper to the vibrating screen is made in the form of inclined gutters, in addition , the cleaning line contains a vibrating screen with a drainage system for separating the soil (sludge) coming from the conveyor from the contaminated washing liquid, equipped with a jet washing unit located above the screen the surface of the vibrating screen, an intermediate tank for draining the contaminated washing liquid from the vibrating screen, a settling tank for regenerating the washing liquid with steam registers inside, external insulation and a screw conveyor for removing precipitated solids, connected by a pipe to the bottom of the intermediate tank, the system for supplying the washing liquid to the cleaning cycle including a float intake device buried in a settling tank, pumps, a hydrocyclone for additional purification of liquid from suspended particles, a tank regenerated washing liquid, a line of pipelines with wiring to the washing plants. In addition, the hopper in its lower part is equipped with a washing solution supply device.

The options for the cleaning line are illustrated in the drawings.

Figure 1 shows the first version of the line, figure 2 shows the second version of the line. A description of the line options is given in general with an indication of the distinguishing features.

For loading, separation and washing of soil (sludge), the line contains a hopper 1, which is filled with washing liquid. In the upper part of the hopper 1, a removable grill 2 is installed for loading and destroying the clumps of sludge. Above the grate 2 there is a pressure setting washing unit, for example a hose 3, with the possibility of directing the jet to any section of the hopper and net. In the lower part of the hopper 1 is equipped with an additional supply of flushing fluid 4.

For washing the deposited soil (sludge) and separating it from the contaminated washing liquid, the line contains a vibrating screen 5, one or more sectional shower units 6, which are installed above the grid surface of the vibrating screen 5. The vibrating screen 5 is equipped with a visor (not shown) for guiding the washed slurry into a container for collection or pit. The drainage system of the contaminated washing solution from the vibrating screen 5 is made in the form of an inclined groove 7, eliminating the phenomenon of a falling jet.

To wash the floating mass and separate it from the contaminated washing liquid, the line contains a vibrating screen 8, one or more sectional shower units 9, which are installed above the grid surface of the vibrating screen 8. The vibrating screen 8 is equipped with a visor (not shown) for guiding the washed sludge into a collection container or pit . Similarly, the drainage system of the contaminated washing solution from the vibrating screen 8 is made in the form of an inclined trough 10.

For regeneration of the washing liquid, the line contains a settling tank 11 with steam registers inside (not shown). The tank 11 is equipped with a device for removing mechanical impurities, which is made in the form of a screw conveyor 12. In addition, the tank 11 has an external insulation, for example from a URCA heater. In the first embodiment of the line (Fig. 1), the settling tank 11 has an internal partition that does not reach the bottom of the tank. In the second embodiment of the line (FIG. 2), an intermediate tank 13 is additionally installed, from the bottom of which the washing liquid is pumped into the settling tank 11 by the pump 14.

For the removal and transportation of deposited soil (sludge) from the hopper 1, the line contains an inclined screw conveyor 15, hermetically connected to the bottom of the hopper 1. In the screw conveyor 15 a jet washing unit 16 is integrated. The productivity of the conveyor 15 is regulated by a four-speed gearbox. The first embodiment of the line (Fig. 1) is additionally equipped with an inclined groove 17 for guiding the soil (sludge) onto the vibrating screen 5.

To withdraw oil and floating mass from the hopper 1 in the first embodiment (Fig. 1), the line has a tank 18 installed below the level of slots 19 made in the end wall of the hopper 1. The tank 18 is equipped with steam registers inside (not shown) and has external insulation , for example, from URCA insulation. In the second embodiment (Fig. 2), the line does not contain a tank; oil and floating mass are overflowed by means of grooves 20 connected to slots 19.

To supply floating mass to the vibrating screen in the first embodiment (Fig. 1), a pipe 21 with a slurry pump connected to the lower part of the separation tank 18 was used. In the second embodiment (Fig. 2), a groove 22 is used, which provides a drain of mass from the grooves 20 to the vibrating screen 8.

The system for supplying regenerated washing liquid to the cleaning cycle contains a float intake device 23 installed in the sludge tank 11, pumps, a line of pipelines with wiring leading to units 3, 4, 6, 9, 16, while the pipelines in front of the washing units are equipped with valves for adjustment pressure. To clean the washing fluid from suspended particles when fed into the cycle, the system is equipped with a hydrocyclone 24 with a container for collecting impurities (not shown). In the second embodiment of the line (FIG. 2), the supply system further comprises a capacity of the regenerated washing solution 25.

The line works as follows.

The washing liquid is pre-prepared in the tank sludge 11 and heated by steam registers to a temperature of preferably 60 ° C. The liquid used is an aqueous solution of a detergent capable of emulsifying hydrocarbon contaminants, which allows the solution to be regenerated by gravity sludge. Using steam registers in tanks 11 and 18, the washing solution is continuously heated during its use.

Before the start of the cleaning cycle, the prepared solution is fed to units 2, 4 to fill the hopper 1, then, if necessary, the unit 4 is turned off.

The degree of contamination is preliminarily visually assessed and, depending on this, the pressure mode in the washing plants is regulated and the necessary speed of the screw conveyor 15 is set.

Oil-contaminated soil (soil, sludge) is fed by a vertical loader to the loading grate 2. The operator blurs lumps and clots of sludge with a jet of cleaning solution from hose 3, while providing a washing and mechanical effect of the solution on oil pollution. Passing through the cells of the grate 2, the sludge enters the hopper 1, filled with solution. In the hopper 1 creates a continuous flow of fluid. If soil, soil, or sludge enters the hopper 1, a non-sinking mass, plant debris and oil float, and heavy sludge settles to the bottom of the hopper.

Floating mass and oil are discharged from hopper 1 by overflow. In the first embodiment of the line (FIG. 1), oil and floating mass through slots 19 enter the tank 18, from where through the pipeline 21 the mass separated from the oil enters the vibrating screen 8. With the flow of solution, in the second embodiment of the line (FIG. 2), the floating mass through the slots 19 and the system of troughs 20, 22 are fed to the vibrating screen 8. On the vibrating screen 8, the mass is washed with a solution using unit 9 while separating the mass from the contaminated solution. The washed mass, plant and other residues from the vibrating screen 8 are discharged into the container along the visor. The contaminated solution through the chute 10 enters the settling tank 11 (figure 1) or tank 13 (figure 2).

Cleaning the deposited soil (sludge) is carried out in several stages. At the first stage, washing is carried out during the deposition of soil (sludge) on the bottom of the hopper 1 in the created dynamic flow of the solution, while the optimal effect of the detergent on oil pollution is carried out. It was experimentally established that the volume ratio of the supplied soil (sludge) and the washing solution in the hopper should be at least 1: 1. The soil (sludge) deposited on the bottom of the hopper, if necessary, is washed out using device 4 and transported by conveyor 15 to a vibrating screen 5. At the outlet of conveyor 15, soil (sludge) is washed using the built-in jet installation 16. On the vibrating screen 5, washing is carried out by washing solution using the installation 6 with the simultaneous separation of soil (sludge) from the contaminated solution. The washed soil (sludge) from the vibrating screen 5 is discharged into the container along the visor. The contaminated solution through the chute 7 enters the settling tank 11 (first version of the line) or tank 13 (second version of the line).

Jet washing on vibrating screens 5, 8 provides continuous washing of oil from the surface and neutralization of soil, soil, plant and other residues. Environmentally friendly soil, soil, sludge are transported to the places of collection or further processing.

Contaminated washing solution is continuously regenerated by gravity sludge and again fed into the cleaning cycle.

For the first version of the line (figure 1), the regeneration and supply of the washing solution is as follows. With vibrosieve 5 and 8, the contaminated solution through the channels 7 and 10 enters the first compartment of the tank 11, while separation is carried out into oil-containing, aqueous phases and settled impurities. The precipitate is removed from the tank by a screw conveyor 12 and, as it accumulates, it is sent for storage of the purified material or for further processing. From the second compartment of the tank 11, with the device 23 buried below the level of the oil film, the aqueous phase is pumped through the piping system to the hydrocyclone 24 and the washing plants 3, 4, 6, 9, 16. The pressure mode is controlled by valves installed in front of the washing plants. Suspended particles separated by a hydrocyclone are stored and subsequently used to grow microorganisms or are further processed.

In the second version of the line (figure 2) is a phased regeneration of the solution. With vibrating screens 5 and 8, the contaminated washing solution enters the intermediate tank 13 and then from the bottom of the tank 13 is pumped into the settling tank 11. From the settling tank 11, the solution is fed into the cleaning cycle through a hydrocyclone 24 and tank 25. The purified solution from tank 25 is supplied pump to washing plants 3, 6, 9, 16.

At the end of the work shift, the washing solution is pumped into the auxiliary pit, clarified with a flocculant and used for further work.

As accumulation of the organic phase from the overflow tank 18 and the settling tank 11 (in the first version of the line) or tanks 11, 13 (in the second version of the line) is pumped out using a vacuum pump and sent to the processing of liquid sludge.

Thus, the proposed line for cleaning oil-contaminated soils, soil, sludge provides a high degree of purification due to the multi-stage process and allows reuse of the flushing fluid while maintaining the qualitative characteristics of the solution entering the cleaning cycle.

Claims (6)

1. A line for cleaning oil-contaminated soils, soils and oil sludges, containing a hopper, an inclined screw conveyor with an integrated jet washing system, hermetically connected to the bottom of the hopper, an overflow tank for oil and floating mass from the hopper, a vibrating screen to separate the floating mass from the contaminated washing liquid, the system supply of floating mass from the overflow tank to the vibrating screen, in the form of a pipeline equipped with a pump, characterized in that the hopper is equipped with a loading grate and is equipped with at least one installation on mode with the possibility of directing the jet to any section of the hopper and the net, the overflow capacity of oil and floating mass from the hopper is equipped with steam registers inside and has external insulation, the pipeline of the floating mass supply system to the vibrating screen is connected to the lower part of the overflow tank, the vibrating screen to separate the floating mass has the drainage system and is equipped with a jet washing installation located above the mesh surface of the vibrating screen, in addition, the cleaning line contains a vibrating screen with a drain system to separate incoming from the conveyor of soil (sludge) from contaminated washing liquid, equipped with a jet washing installation located above the mesh surface of the vibrating screen, a settling tank with an internal partition for regenerating the washing liquid, equipped with steam registers inside, external insulation and a screw conveyor for removing precipitated solids, feed system washing liquid in the cleaning cycle, which includes a float inlet buried in a settling tank, a pump, a line of pipelines with wiring to the washing unit Kam, hydrocyclone for additional purification of liquid from suspended particles. 2. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper in its lower part is equipped with a washing solution supply device. 3. The line according to claim 1, characterized in that the drain system with vibrating screens is made in the form of inclined troughs, eliminating the phenomenon of a falling jet. 4. A line for cleaning oil-contaminated soils, soils and oil sludges, containing a hopper, an inclined screw conveyor with an integrated jet washing system, hermetically connected to the bottom of the hopper, a vibrating screen to separate the floating mass from the contaminated washing liquid, a system for removing and supplying floating mass from the hopper to the vibrating screen , characterized in that the hopper is equipped with a loading grate and is equipped with at least one installation of pressure mode with the possibility of directing the jet to any section of the hopper and mesh, vibrating screen for Department of floating mass has a drainage system and is equipped with a jet washing installation located above the mesh surface of the vibrating screen, the system for outputting and supplying floating mass from the hopper to the vibrating screen is made in the form of inclined troughs, in addition, the cleaning line contains a vibrating screen with a drain system to separate the soil coming from the conveyor (sludge) from contaminated washing liquid, equipped with a jet washing installation located above the mesh surface of the vibrating screen, an intermediate tank for draining the contaminated washing liquid shafts with vibrating screens, settling tank for regeneration of washing liquid with steam registers inside, external insulation and a screw conveyor for outputting deposited mechanical impurities, connected by a pipeline to the lower part of the intermediate tank, a system for supplying washing liquid to the cleaning cycle, including a float intake device buried in the settling tank , pumps, hydrocyclone, for additional purification of liquids from suspended particles, the capacity of the regenerated washing liquid, a line of pipelines with wiring to the washing Settings. 5. The line according to claim 4, characterized in that the hopper in its lower part is equipped with a washing solution supply device. 6. The line according to claim 4, characterized in that the drainage system with vibrating screens is made in the form of inclined grooves, eliminating the phenomenon of an incident jet.

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