SU1381074A1 - Apparatus for treating waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to combined devices for the treatment of wastewater from petroleum products, oils, and notified minerals by pressure head gas and filtration through granular and sheet porous materials. and allows to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment. The device contains a housing, placed in it by a flotation chamber (CF), coalescing the load and a fast filter (F) with a granular load. The CF is equipped with vertical partitions - electrodes to remove the turbulence of the flow and electrically neutralize the surface charge of the drops of oil products. A distribution system for draining the filtrate and supplying wash water is located in the lower part of F in the bulk of the load and is made in the form of two coaxial slotted pipelines, the inner of which has openings in its upper part and the outer one in the lower part. The device includes a system for surface washing of the granular feed f with the air-intake mixture. To divert the floating of their food products, a V-shaped guide screen and floating oil collection trays are placed in the upper part of the body. The initial water is cleaned by passing it through the KF three times, the loading chamber and the quick filter with the additional purification on the foam-ch-interstitial filter. 1 hp f-ly, 7 ill. OS OS

Description

The invention relates to combined devices for the treatment of waste water from petroleum products, fats and suspended mineral substances by pressure flotation, electroneutralization of the surface layer of petroleum droplets and flow through large-pore coalescence granular loads, fine-grained granular loads and dense porous polyurethane sheet, can be used in many national households, such as rainwater treatment from the territories of engineering enterprises and tank farms, production outlets of motor and car repair enterprises, thermal power plants and boiler houses, ports, etc.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

FIG. 1 shows a device, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 is the same cross section; in FIG. 3 is a diagram of floating trays with a V-shaped foam collection screen; FIG. A - diagram of the original supply pipelines

 four,

WASTE WATER, by air, in FIG. 5 is a diagram of the water supply and water-air mixture piping for flushing the surface layer of the filter media granule in FIG. 6 is a diagram of pipelines for removal of filtrate and supply of wash water; in FIG. 7 - the system of drainage of the filtrate and the supply of wash water, the cut.

The wastewater treatment device includes a housing 1 in which

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by bogs, pipeline 12 for supplying a water-mixing mixture: and and water for surface washing of the top layer of the quick filter 13 with a granular load. The device includes a distribution system located in the lower part of the fast filter 13 in the thickness of the granular load for draining the filtrate and supplying wash water, consisting of two coaxial perforated slotted pipelines 14 and 15, the inner pipe 14 being made with openings in its upper part, and the outer 15 - with holes at the bottom.

In addition, the device includes a reservoir 16 for collecting filtered water after the fast filter and 0 Accumulating it for use as wash water, divided into vertical cells 17, one side of which is filtering walls 18 of polyurethane foam sheet, 19 cells, horizontal channel 20 for removal of clarified water to the waste pipe 21, blocked by lever valve 22, pipeline 23

0 for feeding the filtrate to the cells of the tank 16 with the valve 24 and the branches 25 to each cell, a system for preparing and feeding into the flotation chamber and for surface washing through the pressure pipes 7 and 12 with the valves 26 and 27 of the air / water mixture consisting of a centrifugal pump 28, suction 29 and pressure 30 pipelines, bypass li5

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therefore, are located from the top down 40 of the research institute 31 of the pump 28 with the valves 32 and the pickup unit, 33 and the ejector 34, of the pressure tank

consisting of a V-shaped foam-collecting screen 2 and located near the walls of the oil collection floating trays 3 with floats 4, a flotation chamber 5 with a conical bottom for collecting sediment and vertical partitions-electrodes 6 installed throughout the entire volume of the flotation chamber 5 having cross-sectional area, smaller cross-sectional area of the body. To supply the air / water mixture, there is a pipeline 7 located on the lower part of the flotation chamber 5, and a drainage of sediment from its conical section - pipeline 8. Device sg) D (fzhit coalescing load 9, | (saturator) 35 with pressure gauge 36 and control valve 37; wash water supply system consisting of 5 receiving valve 38, suction pipe 39, centrifugal pump 40, pressure pipe 41 with valve 42 and collector 43; collector 44 for collecting filtrate and - strenable congestion audit-45; corrugated flexible conduit 46 for discharge of the trays 3 flotoshlama; piping 47 for discharging wash water from the space above the grate 10.

The device works as follows.

Sewage fluid containing heavy and light internal phases (0

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For example, suspended minerals and petroleum products) by pump 28 through pipelines 29, 30 and 7 with valves 32, 33 and 26 open and valve 27 closed after drying, with air using ejector 34 on the bypass line 31 of pump 28 and dissolution of air in the discharge tank (saturator) 35 is supplied to the lower part of the flotation chamber 5 through a pipeline

7, equipped with vertical partitions-electrodes. When the pressure is released after the air-air mixture leaves the pipeline 7, the dissolved air is released from the waste liquid in the form of bubbles. The flow of waste fluid and bubbles is evenly distributed through the thin-layer channels between the vertical walls of the electrodes 6 and is directed to the flotation chamber 5 from the bottom up. The flotation aggregate - particles of contaminated air bubbles are transported from the flotation chamber 5 to the surface and move as a frothy product along the inclined planes of the V-shaped screen 2 to the periphery, are collected in trays 3 and discharged out of the plant through pipelines 46. The accumulated in the flotation chamber 5, the sediment is removed hydraulically via a pipeline

8. The waste liquid clarified in the flotation cell passes further through the layer of coalescing load 9 (for example, from particles of granular or lump polyethylene, foam plastic, polyurethane foam, vinyl plastic, etc.) held by grids 10 and

11. At the same time, petroleum particles are retained on the surface of the loading particles, coalesce and float to the surface, and then sent along the inclined plane of screen 2 to tray 3. When filtering the waste liquid through the coalescing loading layer, it is finally degassed before entering the fast loading layer. filter 13, which prevents clogging of its pores with air bubbles. The presence of a large pore coalescing load prevents the fast filter from being charged by forming a large flake film on it.

Further purification of waste liquid occurs when it is filtered through a granular, fine-porous filter loading 13 (for example, from quart

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fine sand, crushed claydite, etc.). The clarified water in the filter enters the pipes 14 and 15 of the distribution system and then to the collector 44, and then through the pipeline 23 and its branches 25 with the valve 24 open and the valve 42 closed, into the cells 17 of the tank 16. After filtering through the filter partitions 18 from Purified water enters the sheet porous polyurethane foam through the vertical channels 19 and through the horizontal channels 20 to the pipe 21. With the lever valve 22 open, clean water is discharged through the pipe 21 into the reservoirs, and with the water closed It is best to flush the quick filter loading.

Upon completion of the filter cycle, the valves 24 and 26 on the pipeline 7 and 23 are closed, and the valve 27 on the pipeline 12 is opened and the surface layer of the filter filter 13 is flushed out with a water-air mixture flowing through the pipeline 12. After the surface washing of the filter 13 is finished, the valve 42 opens on the pipeline 41, the pump 40 is turned on, and through pipelines 39, 41, 43 and 14, water from the tank 16 flows from bottom to top into the granular load of the filter 13, which expands to fill the pores of the coalescing load 9 and, as a result, Wie large abrasive action, particles are released rapidly both downloads from contaminants while stirring them in a state of dynamic equilibrium suspended particulate layer. Wash water is discharged through line 47. After the fast filter is finished and the pump 40 is turned off, valves 27 and 42 on lines 12 and 41 are closed, and valves 24 and 26 on lines 23 and 12 are opened and a new filter cycle begins.

If the perforated piping 14 malfunctions, the water supply to the installation is stopped, the water from the housing 1 is removed, the inspection plugs 45 are removed, and the pipelines 14 are removed for cleaning, repair or replacement.

The proposed device in comparison with the known provides improved cleaning of waste

liquids from suspended substances and oil products by a factor of 2-3 due to the improvement of the hydraulic conditions of flotation of soils in the thin-layer channels of the pressure flotation chamber, intensification of the coalescence process and the emergence of oil droplets by electrically neutralizing the surface charge of the droplets, improving the system from slotted pipes supply of wash water, organization of surface washing of the filter loading with an air-air mixture and improvement of conditions for regeneration of the coalescing load.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 1, A device for wastewater treatment, containing a flotation chamber placed one above the other in the same housing, a coalescing load and a fast filter, source water supply units and 25 water-air mixtures and collection of flooded oil products, distribution / I ///// / / Л // 1 гз 26 30. 23 /  / ////////// Х Х 1 a system for draining the filtrate and supplying industrial water, located in the lower part of the quick filter, characterized in that, in order to increase the cleaning efficiency, it (equipped with baffle electrodes installed in the flotation chamber, with an additional distribution line for the supply of water-air mixture located in the upper part quick filter, and a reservoir for collecting the filtrate from the filter; they are baffled, and the floating oil collection site is made in the form of a V-shaped guide screen and oil-gathering boiling trays and distribution system challenge filtrate and water wash feed is in the form of two Ko haksialnyh pipelines, having an inner orifice in its upper part, and the outer - the openings in the bottom. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter partitions are made of openly cellular polyurethane foam sheets.  X / / / / / h Vy 20 Sv Fig.1 12 / x ( Phage. / 4у5 «5 Fig .. 6 fig.Z Fig .. 6 If