RU216201U1 - WASTE WATER TREATMENT DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment, including water taken into centralized wastewater systems, discharged onto the terrain or into water bodies. The device comprises a housing divided by partitions into communicating sections, having inlet and outlet nozzles, a wastewater flow distributor, inclined plates installed parallel to each other, and a filter with adsorbing material. The section containing the inlet is the receiving section. In the receiving section, there is a liquid flow distribution installed on the inlet pipe and made in the form of three sheets connected to each other, located at an angle to each other. The section in which the outlet is located is the outlet section. In the outlet section there is a filter with adsorbing material. The inclined plates are located in the section between the inlet and outlet sections. The device is additionally equipped with a sponge filter. A slot is made in the distributor sheet connected to the inlet pipe. EFFECT: increased efficiency of wastewater treatment. 16 w.p. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment, including water taken into centralized wastewater systems, discharged onto the terrain or into water bodies. For example, for the treatment of rain (storm water) and melt water, infiltration, watering, drainage water contaminated with oil products. The utility model can be used mainly for wastewater treatment from residential areas, industrial enterprises, parking lots, gas stations, for wastewater treatment from highways, bridge crossings.

A device for wastewater treatment is known (Storm water treatment facilities VEKSA, price. Storm water treatment (https://www.veksa.ru/), containing a body divided by partitions into communicating sections, in which inlet and outlet pipes are installed, a number of inclined In the known device, there is a sequential purification of wastewater from coarse suspended particles in the first section of the body, purification from fine suspended particles in the second section and post-treatment of wastewater from oil products in the third section - in a filter with an adsorbent filler.

The disadvantage of this device is the absence of a device on the inlet pipe to reduce the flow rate and distribute the incoming runoff in the volume of the first section, which leads to constant agitation of the sediment from the bottom of the housing and reduces the efficiency of settling coarse suspended particles.

The wastewater treatment device, known from utility model patent No. 115776, published on May 10, 2012, contains a housing divided by partitions into communicating sections, having inlet and outlet pipes, and equipped with a wastewater flow distributor installed on the inlet pipe, through which wastewater enters the housing, which allows to reduce the speed of the incoming wastewater flow and improve the settling of coarse particles in the first stage of wastewater treatment, in other words, effluents. Further, wastewater enters a series of inclined plates, where fine suspended particles settle and coalescence of oil products contained in wastewater, as a result of which fine suspended particles settle to the bottom of the vessel, and oil product drops rise up and form an oil film on the water surface in the section. Then the wastewater enters the filter with adsorbent material for post-treatment.

In this device, oil products concentrated on the surface of the treated runoff are removed from the housing using periodically switched on small-sized submersible pumps. As a result, the device does not constantly collect oil products from the surface of the liquid being cleaned, which reduces the efficiency of its cleaning. In addition, in this device, the wastewater flow distributor is large, thereby increasing the dimensions of the first section of the device and complicating its maintenance.

The problem solved by the proposed utility model is to create a device for treating wastewater, in other words, wastewater, with increased efficiency.

The technical result achieved as a result of using the utility model is to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that a wastewater treatment device containing a body divided by partitions into communicating sections, having inlet and outlet pipes, a wastewater flow distributor, inclined plates installed parallel to each other, and a filter with adsorbing material, moreover, the section , in which the inlet pipe is located, is the receiving section, and it is located to distribute the liquid flow installed on the inlet pipe, the section in which the outlet pipe is located is the outlet section, and the filter with adsorbing material is located in it, and the inclined plates are located in the section between the inlet and outlet sections, additionally equipped with a sponge filter.

The body of the device can be made of various materials: metal, concrete, polymeric materials.

In one of the special cases of the device, its body can be made of polyethylene.

In another particular embodiment of the device, the body can be made of fiberglass.

In particular cases, the body of the device can be made of polymeric materials with sufficient annular rigidity to withstand the pressure of sewage from inside the body and the pressure of surrounding rocks when the body of the claimed device is located underground, for example, from polyethylene or fiberglass. These materials have a high bearing capacity, high corrosion resistance, resistance to hydroabrasive wear, resistance to hydrocarbon deposits, high impact strength, high maintainability, long service life, and are also dielectrics. These properties ensure long-term operation of the housing and are aimed at increasing the efficiency of cleaning the liquid entering the housing.

The use of polyethylene is preferable because this material has better rigidity characteristics, better resists static, dynamic and thermal loads. Better stiffness characteristics provide a longer service life of the wastewater treatment device without destruction, which increases the efficiency of treatment.

In the claimed device, the liquid flow distributor can be made in the form of three or more sheets connected to each other, located at an angle to each other. The fluid flow distributor sheets may be arranged at equal angles to each other or at different angles to each other. In one of the sheets connected to the inlet pipe, a slot is made, the width of which is equal to the diameter of the inlet pipe, and the height is greater than or equal to the diameter of the inlet pipe. This design provides a rigid one-piece connection of the sheet with the inlet pipe, excludes their mutual movement during the operation of the device and eliminates the possible clogging of the inlet pipe with large particles of contaminants, the presence of which is possible in untreated wastewater. As a result, the flow of waste water entering the treatment device is distributed constantly, in a given direction, which improves the conditions for settling suspended particles and increases the cleaning efficiency. The slot is made at the junction of the sheet and the inlet pipe. Sheets of the liquid flow distributor can be made of polymeric material or metal.

A hole can be made in the wall of the inlet pipe.

It is possible to perform the filter with adsorbing material in the form of a filter cartridge.

The partition between the receiving section and the section in which the inclined plates are located may be arranged parallel to the inclined plates.

It is possible to make inclined plates from polymeric material, including polyethylene.

The upper and lower surfaces of the inclined plates can be made of different materials: oleophilic and/or oleophobic.

In one of the special cases of the device, the inclined plates can be smooth.

In another particular case of the device, the inclined plates can be made corrugated

The sponge filter can be positioned above the inclined plates.

In another embodiment, the sponge filter is located above and next to the inclined plates.

The sponge filter can be made of a porous polymeric material permeable in all directions with an open porous structure, having a total porosity of at least 50% with an elementary pore size of 10-200 μm, for example, from flexible polyurethane foam.

The filter cartridge can be filled with expanded clay, carbon sorbent, activated alumina or other absorbent material, or a combination of these materials.

The device can be equipped with technological wells.

The number of technological wells may correspond to the number of sections.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows the construction of the claimed device in the general case of execution.

The claimed device includes a housing 1 having a bottom 2. In the housing 1, partitions 3.1 and 3.2 are installed, which divide the space of the housing into sections: 4 - receiving section, 5 - middle section, 6 - output section. The housing has an inlet pipe 7 and an outlet pipe 8. At the inlet pipe 7 there is a flow distributor 9 located in the receiving section 4. In the middle section 5 there is a number of inclined plates 10 installed at an acute angle (in Fig. 1 it is 45°-60° ) to the bottom 2 of the body 1, above which a sponge filter 12 is located. Position 13 shows an additional hole in the inlet pipe 7. In the outlet section 6 there is a filter 11 filled with adsorbing material. 14 - technological wells for maintenance and control. 19 - support for installing the filter 11.

In FIG. 2 shows a particular embodiment of a flow distributor 9 consisting of three sheets 15a, 15b and 15c connected at an angle to each other. One of the sheets 15a, connected to the inlet 7, is made, as shown in FIG. 2, slot 16.

In FIG. 3 shows a special case of the claimed device, in which a wastewater overflow system is made in the emergency operation of the device, consisting of a channel 17, which in FIG. 3 is shown vertical and the tube 18, which in FIG. 3 is vertical.

The claimed device works as follows.

Wastewater contaminated with suspended particles and oil products enters through the inlet pipe 7 into the receiving section 4 of the body 1 of the claimed device, usually having the shape of a cylinder, as the most resistant to external and internal pressure on the body. However, the body may have a different shape, such as the shape of a parallelepiped or a cube. In section 4, large (in other words, coarse) suspended particles are settled from the incoming wastewater under the action of gravity.

At the outlet of the branch pipe 7, a flow distributor 9 is installed, which excludes the agitation of sediment from the bottom 2 of the housing 1 by the flow of incoming sewage, ensuring a uniform distribution of the flow of incoming waste water in the volume of section 4 and reducing the flow rate of waste water for better sedimentation of suspended particles. To distribute the flow and dampen its speed, a known device for distributing the flow, for example, a conical nozzle on the nozzle, can be used. But using the specially designed device shown in FIG. 2 improves the efficiency of wastewater treatment. The flow distributor 9, made as shown in FIG. 2, and consists of three sheets: 15a, 15b, 15c of polymeric material or metal, installed at an angle to each other. The angle can be 120 degrees for uniform flow distribution or another value. In one of the sheets 15a, adjacent to the outlet of the nozzle 7, a slot 16 is made. The width of this slot is equal to the diameter of the inlet pipe, and the height is greater than or equal to the diameter of the inlet pipe, which is necessary so that large (in other words, coarse) solid particles located in wastewater did not block the path of wastewater movement. In the flow distributor 9, the wastewater flow rate is reduced by changing the direction of its movement and distributing it in the volume of the receiving section 4 by using inclined sheets in the design. The flow distributor 9 also prevents the bottom sediment from stirring up - the inclined sheets prevent the runoff from moving to the bottom of the chamber. All this is aimed at improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

At the outlet of the flow distributor 9, wastewater slows down, and the large suspended particles in them settle to the bottom 2 of the housing 1.

In a particular case of execution of the claimed device in the inlet pipe 7, an air outlet 13 is made, which ensures the exit of air from the inlet pipe and minimizes the bubbling of the drain at the outlet of the pipe. This embodiment of the pipe 7 helps to calm the flow of wastewater and improves the sedimentation of suspended particles.

In section 4, there is a decrease in the flow rate of wastewater relative to the speed in the inlet pipe 7, the retention of floating debris and the deposition of large suspended particles.

In the direction of wastewater flow from the inlet pipe 7 to the outlet pipe 8, there is a partition 3.1 separating section 4 of the claimed device from section 5, in which a number of inclined plates 10 are located, installed as shown in Fig. 1. at an acute angle to the bottom 2 of the body 1, where fine (in other words, finely dispersed) suspended particles and oil products are cleaned. A number of inclined plates 10 form a thin-layer block, where the wastewater flow is divided into thin layers due to the introduction of inclined plates into the flow, installed parallel to each other and at an acute angle to the bottom. In a thin layer, the process of settling of fine suspended particles is intensified by reducing the height and time of settling and minimizing the washing out of particles. Fine particles settle on inclined plates 10 and slide along them to the bottom 2 of section 4 of housing 1 under the action of their own weight. At the same time, particles of oil products, rising with the flow upwards, are attracted to the reverse side of the inclined plates 10, enlarge and rise up along the plates.

Large particles of oil products have positive buoyancy due to a density lower than that of water and rise to the surface of the water mirror in the middle section, forming an oil film, which is held in section 5 due to partitions 3.1 and 3.2.

Above the thin-layer block (inclined plates 10) to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment, a sponge filter 12 is mounted, made of a material capable of well absorbing oil products from the surface of the treated wastewater, for example, foam rubber or non-woven material. These materials are porous, permeable in all directions, and have an open pore structure. Such properties and structure of the material make it possible to absorb particles (drops) of oil products rising to the surface of the treated wastewater in a continuous mode, which increases the efficiency of wastewater treatment. Sponge filter intensifies the process of enlargement of oil particles due to the passage of wastewater with oil particles through a filter with a large number of fine pores and an increase in the frequency of contact between oil particles. If necessary (as it becomes dirty), the sponge filter can be removed and replaced with a new one. A sponge filter most effectively collects oil products if it has a total porosity of at least 50% with an elementary pore size of 10-200 microns.

This structure of the material ensures the separation of wastewater particles of contaminants with a particle size of 10 microns or more, ensures the accumulation and coalescence of particles of oil products dissolved in wastewater and the exit of coarse drops of oil products through pores up to 200 microns in size to the surface of the water mirror in the middle section 5, which increases the cleaning efficiency Wastewater.

By placing a sponge filter directly above the thin-layer block, the dimensions of the structure are optimized without reducing its efficiency.

A special case of the claimed device is possible, in which the sponge filter is installed not above the inclined plates 10, but next to them, closer to the outlet section 6. In this case, the sponge filter works as described above, but the dimensions of the device increase somewhat. This makes it possible to improve the serviceability of the wastewater treatment device with a significant length of the thin-layer block (inclined platinum 10) and, therefore, improves the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

Hole 13 is located in the upper part of the inlet pipe 7 and is designed to release air entering the receiving section 4 through the inlet pipe 7 together with wastewater in order to prevent uncontrolled bubbling of wastewater in the receiving section 4. During the operation of the device, this hole is located above the level of the cleaned body fluids.

A partition 3.2 is provided between section 5 and section 6, located at some distance from the inclined plates 10 and having a through hole in the middle part below the upper edge of the inclined plates, which ensures the flow of wastewater from section 5 to section 6, where the wastewater passes through the filter 11. Partition 3.2 excludes the washing out of oil products separated in section 5 into section 6, thereby reducing the mud load on section 6.

It is possible to perform the filter 11 with adsorbing material in the form of a filter cartridge. The filter cartridge 11 has a three-layer loading. The first layer is a non-woven filter material that keeps the sorption load in the filter cartridge body, preventing it from spilling out through the bottom grate of the filter cartridge, and at the same time retains small residual particles of suspended solids. The second layer - sorption loading - cleans the runoff from residual oil products due to sorption on special sorption materials. As a sorption load, crushed expanded clay of fine fractions or other sorbent materials, such as coal sorbent, or activated alumina, are used. Layer-by-layer laying of one material of different fractions or the use of a combination of several sorption materials with separating pads made of non-woven materials is allowed. It is allowed to lay sorption materials packaged in filter bags. The third layer is a non-woven material that keeps the sorption load from being washed out by the flow through the upper grate of the filter cartridge.

Coarse particles deposited in the receiving section 4 on the bottom 2 of the housing 1 are periodically pumped out by a sewage machine through an opening in the housing 1, above which a technological well 14 located in this section can be installed, and are taken out to the disposal sites.

In the middle section 5, fine particles that roll down the plates 10 and accumulate on the bottom 2 are also pumped out by the sewer machine.

Oil products that accumulate on the surface of the treated waste in section 5 are collected in a sponge filter 12, which is periodically replaced. That part of the oil products that has passed through the sponge filter 12 and collected on the surface of the treated runoff is removed through an opening in the housing 1, above which a technological well 14 can be installed using a sewage machine.

In the output section 6, the filters are replaced through technological wells 14 in the housing 1.

To remove the sediment and replace the filter, the nearest technological wells are used, mounted for the convenience of carrying out the operation of removing sediments or oil film.

Partition 3.1. between the receiving section 4 and the middle section 5, in which the inclined plates 10 are located, may be partially or completely parallel to the inclined plates. This is done to settle suspended particles and collect oil products on the baffle, which increases the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

It is possible to make inclined plates 10 from polymeric material, including polyethylene, polycarbonate and fiberglass, as well as from metal

The upper and lower surfaces of the inclined plates can be made of various materials (oleophilic or oleophobic). For example: from polyethylene, polycarbonate and fiberglass, as well as from metal. Such an embodiment makes it possible to increase the efficiency of sedimentation of suspended particles on the oleophobic side of the plate and the coalescence of oil particles on the oleophilic side of the plate, which increases the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

In one of the special cases of the device, the inclined plates can be smooth.

In another particular case of the device, the inclined plates can be made corrugated.

Making the plates corrugated increases the surface with which suspended particles and particles of oil products come into contact, which increases the cleaning efficiency with the same volume of the section in which the inclined plates are located

To improve the convenience of timely maintenance of the claimed device, removing sediment, replacing filters, it can be equipped with technological wells 14 installed above the openings of the housing 1. The number of manholes 14 may correspond to the number of sections. This is also determined by the convenience and quality of service of the wastewater treatment plant. The better the device is serviced, the more effective the wastewater treatment.

In FIG. 3 shows a particular case of the claimed device, which shows a system for overflowing liquids in emergency operation of the device, consisting of a vertical channel 17 and a vertical pipe 18.

If one of the elements of the device installed in section 5 becomes clogged, then the treated wastewater flows through channel 17 from section 4 to section 5. If the filters 11 in the outlet section 6 operate in normal mode, then the treated wastewater enters the outlet section 6 and passes through the filter 11. If the filter 11 is clogged, the wastewater enters the outlet section 6 through the pipe 18 and from there to the outlet pipe 8. In this case, the cleaning efficiency is reduced, but the integrity of the device body is maintained, since the overflow system allows to reduce the hydrostatic pressure inside the body. With a decrease in the efficiency of stonecrop, it is necessary to service the device through technological wells and eliminate blockages.

Claims (17)

1. A device for wastewater treatment, containing a body divided by partitions into communicating sections, having inlet and outlet pipes, a liquid flow distributor, inclined plates installed parallel to each other, and a filter with absorbent material, and the section in which the inlet pipe is located, is a receiving section, and it contains a liquid flow distributor installed on the inlet pipe and made in the form of three sheets connected to each other, located at an angle to each other, the section in which the outlet pipe is located is the outlet section and a filter is located in it with absorbent material, and inclined plates are located in the section between the inlet and outlet sections, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a sponge filter, and a slot is made in the distributor sheet connected to the inlet pipe. 2. Wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sponge filter is made of a porous polymer material, permeable in all directions with an open porous structure, having a total porosity of at least 50% with an elementary pore size of 10-200 microns. 3. Wastewater treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that the sponge filter is made of flexible polyurethane foam. 4. Wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is made of polyethylene. 5. Wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is made of fiberglass. 6. A waste water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the slot made in the distributor sheet connected to the inlet pipe is equal to the width of the inlet pipe, and the height is equal to or greater than the diameter of the inlet pipe. 7. A device for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that a hole is made in the wall of the inlet pipe. 8. A wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid flow distributor sheets are located at the same angle to each other or at different angles to each other. 9. A wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid flow distributor sheets are made of metal or polymer material. 10. A wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter with adsorbing material is made in the form of a filter cartridge. 11. A wastewater treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that the filter cartridge contains a sorption load consisting of crushed expanded clay of small fractions, or a carbon sorbent, or activated alumina, or a combination of these materials. 12. A wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the partition between the receiving section and the section in which the inclined plates are located is parallel to the inclined plates. 13. A wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined plates are made of a polymeric material, including polyethylene, polycarbonate and fiberglass. 14. Wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined plates are made of metal. 15. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the upper or lower surface of the inclined plate is oleophilic, and the opposite surface of the inclined plate is oleophobic. 16. Wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined plates are smooth. 17. A wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined plates are made of corrugated.

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