RU120539U1 - THRESHING AND SEPARATING DEVICE OF THE GRAIN COMBINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Threshing and separating device of a combine harvester containing a threshing drum with a concave adjustable relative to it, a tangential rotor with separate working elements mounted on the rotor to form its largest working diameter during rotation of the rotor and made in the form of a U-shaped profile, the working surface of the transverse shelf which is inclined in the opposite direction from the direction of rotation of the rotor, and a slatted deck interacting with the rotor, characterized in that the U-shaped profile is equipped with additional working elements, which are flat shelves mated with the end faces of the side shelves of the profile and directed away from the profile to form steps between the working surfaces of the transverse flange of the profile and each of the additional working elements, while the edges of the working surfaces of the additional elements farthest from the axis of rotation of the rotor are located near the largest diameter of the rotor, and the maximum p The distance between the edge of the transverse flange of the profile and the edges of each of the additional working elements at the level of this diameter is less than the distance between the nearest edges of the upper edges of at least some adjacent strips of the rotor deck. ! 2. The threshing-separating device of a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the U-shaped profile is equipped with flat shelves of variable width mated to the transverse shelf, and the rib of each shelf farther from the rotor rotation axis is larger than the less distant one. ! 3. The threshing and separating device of the combine harvester according to claim 1, different

Description

The inventive utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, mainly to combine harvesters.

Combine harvesters with a threshing and separating device comprising a threshing drum and a concave adjustable with respect to it, as well as a tangential rotor with a deck interacting with it, are widely known. The tangential rotor can be located in the technological chain of the material processing both before and after the threshing drum, and they can be separated from each other by a beater.

Separate removable working elements are installed on the tangential rotor in the form of a U-shaped profile so that the transverse shelf of this profile is inclined in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor, and when the rotor rotates, the profiles form its largest working diameter. These profiles are mounted on brackets welded either to the cylindrical casing of the rotor housing [CLAAS, MEGA 370/360, Type 839, Ersatzteilliste, SERVICE end PARTS, GLAAS KGaA mbH, Postfach 1163, 33426 Harsewinkel, Tel. + 49 (0) 5247 12- 0, www.claas.com, 0002952971, ETL MEGA 370/360, DE / EN / FR-07/07, Printed in Germany, p. 703], or to the transverse casing pipes [NEW HOLLAND, CX 8080 COMBINE (9 / 06-), PARTS New Holland cx 8080.pdf, PDF created with pdf Factory trial version www.pdf factory.com, p. 703], and the tangential rotor on the MEGA 370 \ 360 combine is located in front of the threshing drum, and on the CX 8080 combine - behind the drum.

Also known are threshing-separating devices with a set of different in design removable working elements on a tangential rotor [United States Patent US 7201652 B2, Apr. 10, 2007, Feeder aids on a feeder drum of a self-propelled combine harvester].

The disadvantage of such threshing and separating devices with a tangential rotor and the interacting slatted deck is the reduced separation of grain through the deck, leading to an increase in grain loss behind the combine. This disadvantage is especially evident when harvesting wet and clogged crops, when harvesting dead crops, as well as when they are highly strawy and uneven in the flow of the product to the threshing and separating device.

The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is a device mounted on a combine CX 8080 by NEW HOLLAND. This threshing-separating device comprises a threshing drum with a concave adjustable relative to it, as well as a tangential rotor with working elements separately located on its periphery in the form of a U-shaped profile, which are mounted on the rotor so that when the rotor rotates, they form the maximum working diameter of the rotor, and the transverse profile shelf is inclined relative to the radial direction to the edge of its base in the opposite direction of rotation of the rotor. This device also contains a slat deck interacting with a tangential rotor. The disadvantage of this device is the reduced separation of grain through the deck of the tangential rotor, due to the weak pulling of the product layers by the working elements of the tangential rotor when interacting with the slats of its deck in the areas located between its slats. Product promotion on the deck is carried out by capturing its layers by the transverse shelves of the U-shaped profile. When such a shelf passes over each deck of the deck, the product layer between them is compacted, and due to the increased friction forces resulting from such compaction, the lower layers of the product pushed by the shelf are braked, and the upper layers continue to move along with the shelf, while the product layers actively move each other relative to each other, allowing the grain, including due to centrifugal forces, to more freely pass into the gaps formed between the stems to the surface of the deck. However, after passing the profile shelf over the deck strip, the layer no longer actively compresses between them and the tensile effect on the product layers decreases, which leads to a deterioration in the release of grain from the layer, and therefore through the deck.

The objective of the utility model is to activate the process of pulling product layers while the transverse flange of the U-shaped profile of the tangential rotor is in the gap between adjacent deck planks due to such a change in the design of this profile that allows to increase the range of active product interaction between it and the deck planks. The technical result consists in reducing grain losses behind the combine and, as a consequence, in increasing the productivity of the combine with a given level of grain losses.

The technical result is achieved by supplying the U-shaped profile of the tangential rotor with additional working elements installed on each side of the profile on the end faces of its side shelves and directed away from the profile with the formation of steps between the transverse shelf of the U-shaped profile and each of the additional working elements, the edges of the working surfaces of these additional elements farthest from the axis of rotation of the rotor are located tangentially near the maximum working diameter of the rotor, and the maximum distance between the transverse edge profile and shelf edges additional working elements at the maximum diameter of the rotor smaller than the distance between the closest edges of the outer faces of at least some adjacent deck planks rotor.

The U-shaped profile itself is made of flat shelves of variable width conjugated with its transverse shelf, and the edge of each such shelf, more distant from the axis of rotation of the rotor, is larger than less remote.

Additional working elements mounted on one U-shaped profile are made mirrored and installed symmetrically with respect to each other.

Flat working surfaces of additional working elements of each profile are installed at an obtuse angle to each other.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the front of the inventive threshing and separating device of a combine harvester,

figure 2 - remote element A in figure 1;

figure 3 is a view along arrow B in figure 2;

figure 4 is a view along arrow B in figure 2;

5 is a cross-section GG in figure 3;

6 is a view along arrow D in figure 4;

Fig.7 is an isometric view of a part of the tangential rotor.

The threshing and separating device is installed in the frame 1 (Fig. 1) of the threshing machine of the combine harvester between its sides 2 and contains a threshing drum 3, adjustable relative to the drum concave 4 by means of mechanism 5, an intermediate beater 6 mounted above the finger grate 7 of the concave, tangential rotor 8 (Fig. 1, 7) with separate working elements 9 (Fig. 1, 7), deck 10 (Fig. 1), adjustable relative to the tangential rotor by means of mechanism 11, and fender beater 12. Under the threshing-separating device, also between boko ins threshers, located stryasnaya board 13 combine cleaning. Deck 10 - rod-bar, through the transverse bars 14 (Fig.1, 2) threaded round rods 15, forming the working surface of the deck. The transverse strips of the deck 14 are installed on the sidewalls 16, which, in turn, are connected with the adjustment mechanism 11 (figure 1). The deck 10 at the exit is equipped with a guide finger grating 17 (FIGS. 1, 2) and a reflective shield 18 (FIG. 2) mounted above the shaking board 13 (FIG. 1). The transverse brackets 14 (FIGS. 1, 2) on deck 10 (FIG. 1) are installed with the same pitch, it is possible to install a group of brackets with the same pitch.

The working elements 9 (Fig. 1, 7) of the tangential rotor 8 are mounted on a cylindrical casing 19 (Fig. 2, 7) with the possibility of their dismantling during operation of the combine and replacement with new ones and they are attached to the support brackets 20 welded on the casing using detachable compounds (figure 4, 7). The cylindrical casing is supported by a series of disks 21 (FIGS. 2, 7) mounted on the drive shaft 22, and the shaft itself is mounted on the sidewalls of the carcass 1 (FIG. 1) of the thresher using bearing assemblies. Working elements 9 (Fig. 1, 7) of the rotor are made of a U-shaped profile 23 (Fig. 4) with a transverse shelf 24 (Fig. 3, 5, 7) and side flanges 25 (Fig. 5) mated to a transverse shelf moreover, these elements 9 (Fig.1, 7) during rotation of the rotor form its largest working diameter E (Fig.2). The transverse shelf 24 (figure 3, 5, 7) profile is inclined relative to the radial direction to the edge of its base in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the tangential rotor by an angle γ (figure 2). Side flanges 25 (FIG. 5) may have either ruled working surfaces 26 (FIG. 4) or the same ruled surfaces connected to working flat surfaces 27 (FIGS. 4-7). Flat surfaces 27 may have different widths. Such a surface (FIG. 6) is limited by fold lines 28, while its upper edge has a greater width k than the lower s. With the side shelves 25 (FIG. 5) of the U-shaped profile 23 (FIG. 4), additional working elements 29 (FIGS. 3-5, 7) are coupled, which are installed on each side of the U-shaped profile on the end faces of its side shelves with direction from the profile so that the working surfaces of the additional elements form steps relative to the working surface of the transverse shelf. In this case, the ribs 30 (FIG. 2) farthest from the axis of rotation of the rotor of these working surfaces of additional working elements are located near the cylindrical surface E (FIG. 2). In addition, the maximum distance between the edge of the transverse flange of the profile and the ribs of each of the additional working elements at the level of this cylindrical surface E (figure 2) is less than the distance between the nearest edges of the upper faces of the adjacent planks of the rotor deck. Additional working elements on the profile are mirrored and installed symmetrically. Additional working elements 30 on each profile are installed at an obtuse angle β (Fig. 5) to each other.

The described device operates as follows. The product from the adapter installed in front of the thresher enters the threshing drum 3 (Fig. 1) into the inlet gap between it and the concave 4. The scourges of the drum drag the product along the concave, isolating the grain from the ears and separating part of it and small heaps in the form of sex and stalk particles through concave. The product that has undergone such processing passes through the finger grating 7 to the intermediate bit 6, which also separates part of the grain and small heap through this finger grate and feeds the product to the tangential rotor 8 (Figs. 1, 7) in the gap between it and the slatted deck 10 (Figs. .one). Located on the casing 19 (Fig. 2, 7) of the tangential rotor, individual working elements 9 (Fig. 1, 7) capture portions of the product and, due to centrifugal forces and the arrangement of the working planes of these elements, press the product at an angle to the product flow when moving it to the slats 14 (figure 1, 2) decks 10 (figure 1), which inhibit the flow from below while the upper layers of the stream are actively moved by the working elements of the rotor. Such a process allows not only to grind the spikelets remaining in the product, but also to effectively separate the grain through the layers of the product stream and deck, including due to the displacement of the product stems of each other relative to each other with the formation of gaps between them into which the grains penetrate. The more actively the stems are shifted relative to each other, the more actively is the release of grain from the product stream. The most intense displacement of the stems occurs precisely in the zone of interaction of the working surface of each element of the tangential rotor and the deck level. However, this zone of active interaction between the transverse flange 24 (Fig. 3, 5, 7) of the U-shaped profile 23 (Fig. 4) of the tangential rotor and the plank of the deck 14 (Fig. 1, 2) is very limited, since when the flange P When the rotor rotates, the -shaped profile moves between the adjacent deck strips, where this deck deck has a rapidly damped braking effect on the product it moves, depending on the increase in the distance of this transverse profile shelf from the deck bar, stalks in this zone are significantly reduced, and, means separation of grains.

With the improvement of the device according to the claimed utility model, the process of interaction between them becomes longer and more effective. This is because interacting with the same deck deck 10 (FIG. 1), additional working elements 29 (FIGS. 3-5, 7) now come with some delay due to the stepwise arrangement of their working surfaces relative to the working surface of the transverse shelf 24 ( figure 3, 5, 7) profile. Now, even these surfaces, as a result of this interaction, actively slow down the lower layers of the product flow, causing further stalk pulling between the plank 14 (Figs. 1, 2) of the deck and the working surface of the transverse shelf 24 (Figs. 3, 5, 7) of the profile 23 (Figs. .four). The increase in the interaction time of the working surfaces of the additional profile elements with the deck strip is also facilitated by the execution of these surfaces flat (pos. 30 in FIG. 5), with their arrangement at an obtuse angle to each other, since the edges of these surfaces turn out to be parallel to the deck strip and therefore come in contact with edge of the deck level for a longer time. The implementation of the flat side shelves 27 (Fig.4-7) of the U-shaped profile 23 (Fig.4) of variable width allows, by changing the angle of the working surfaces of the additional working elements 29 (Fig.3, 4, 5, 7) profile to ensure smooth sliding of the lower layers of the product along their working surfaces, which, in turn, ensures the stability of the threshing process, and in combination with the location of these flat surfaces 30 (Fig. 5) at an obtuse angle to each other, to provide additional lateral pulling of the layers product in this zone that also helps to improve the separation of grain from the processed product in this area. Mirroring the additional working elements of the U-shaped profile and their symmetrical location on this profile allows you to evenly distribute their impact on the product located on both sides of the profile and, thereby, optimize the process of spreading the layers and, in addition, allows you to evenly distribute the load on the support brackets 20 (figure 4, 7) mounted on a cylindrical casing 19 (figure 2, 7) of the tangential rotor.

The product that has undergone processing during the interaction of the tangential rotor and the deck is removed from the rotor with a bumper beater 12 (Fig. 1) and sent to the rough heap separator, for example, a straw walker.

The grain with a small heap, passing through the concave 4, its finger grate 7 and deck 10, descends onto the shaking board 13 and is transported by it to the combine for cleaning for further processing. The grain ejected at high speed through the concave 4, the finger grate 7, and the deck 10, as well as the grain reflected from the shaking board, is stopped by the reflection shield 18 (FIG. 2) and deposited on the shaking board in order to prevent an increase in losses for harvester cleaning.

Claims (4)

1. The threshing and separating device of the combine harvester, containing a threshing drum with an adjustable concave, a tangential rotor with individual working elements mounted on the rotor with the formation of the largest working diameter of the rotor and made in the form of a U-shaped profile, the working surface of the transverse shelf which is tilted in the opposite direction from the direction of rotation of the rotor, and a planar deck interacting with the rotor, characterized in that the U-shaped profile is packed with additional working elements, which are flat shelves, conjugated with the end faces of the side flanges of the profile and directed away from the profile with the formation of steps between the working surfaces of the transverse flange of the profile and each of the additional working elements, while the edges of the working surfaces farthest from the axis of rotation of the rotor additional elements are located near the largest diameter of the rotor, and the maximum distances between the edge of the transverse flange of the profile and the edges of each of olnitelnyh working elements at this diameter is less than the distance between the closest edges of the upper faces of at least some adjacent deck planks rotor. 2. The threshing and separating device of the combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the U-shaped profile is equipped with flat shelves of variable width paired with the transverse shelf, the edge of each shelf being more distant from the axis of rotation of the rotor is larger than less remote. 3. The threshing and separating device of the combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional working elements of the U-shaped profile are made mirrored and mounted on the profile symmetrically with respect to each other. 4. The threshing and separating device according to any one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the flat working surfaces of the additional working elements of each U-shaped profile are installed at an obtuse angle to each other.