RU2536606C1 - Header for stripping standing agricultural crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: header for stripping standing agricultural crops comprises a feeler platform with outside dividers, an auger with screw bands and a bottom under it, the front and rear downstream jacketed stripping drums with combs, gauge shoes, feed elevator with a drive pulley, a conveyor of tailings, the bottom of which has holes, a conveyor of grain heap. The rear stripping drum and the screw are mounted in the feeler platform, and the front is mounted on the trunnions of the rear stripping drum using a suspension with the ability to rotate under the action of a double-action hydraulic cylinder. The bottom under the screw is made replaceable and has through-holes, the size and shape of which do not interfere with the free passage through them of the threshed grains of the crop harvested. From the extreme sides of the screw with a slope to its middle under the bottom the box chute boards are mounted that form between them a niche for receiving in it of the lower part of the conveyor of grain heap. The rear stripping drum is mounted on the sides of the feeler platform with adjustable plates at the level of the horizon of the lower end of its comb.

EFFECT: use of the present invention enables to improve the efficiency of obtaining grain with simplifying the header design.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in reapers for towing crops on the vine.

A device for harvesting crops on the vine according to the patent RU No. 2010481 IPC A01D 41/08, published 04/15/1994, containing a copying platform with a screw and a combing module, consisting of two drums enclosed in a guide casing, the lower edge of which is made protruding to the side , opposite to the movement behind the vertical axis of the first of the stripping drums, and the stripping drums are mounted on suspensions, which are pivotally and via hydraulic cylinders connected to the copying platform.

The header according to patent RU No. 2010481 is simple in design and easy to maintain.

It works well in harvesting undersized varieties of wheat, barley, oats, both upright and dead massifs.

However:

1) With this reaper, it is impossible to remove soy without heavy losses.

A feature of soy is that the bobiks on their stems are located from the bottom to the top.

Regardless of the position in which the soy stems are upright or laid down, some of its varieties will still rise significantly above the horizon due to the branching of the stems.

In order to tow the top of the soybean stalk, a front combing drum is lifted.

The rear combing drum rises with it, as it is fixed with the front combing drum on one suspension, leaving the lower, especially valuable bobikas, unkempt.

If you lower the back combing drum, the first combing drum will fall with it, while the guiding casing of the first combing drum, in close contact with the stems, will cause active destruction of the bobiks, followed by shedding soybean grain to the ground.

2) Insufficient allocation of free grain from the combed grain mass before it enters the thresher of the combine, where the grain, being exposed to the threshing drum, is injured, worsening its quality.

3) The accumulation of combed grain mass along the edges of the auger.

Known scrubbing device according to patent RU No. 2373681, IPC A01D 41/08, published November 27, 2009, containing the front and rear cleaning drums and a copy platform with hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering. A screw and a rear combing drum are installed in the case of the copying platform, and copy rollers are installed in the lower part of the drum. The casing with the front stripping drum is connected to the copying platform by means of adjustable rods installed in the hinge supports. The casing and the copying platform are connected to each other by hydraulic cylinders.

The main disadvantage of the stripping device according to patent RU No. 2373681 is that:

1) It does not ensure the allocation of at least half of the required amount of grain from the combed grain mass before it enters the thresher of the combine, where the grain, when exposed to the threshing drum, is injured, impairing its quality.

2) The accumulation of combed grain mass along the edges of the auger.

The purpose of the invention:

1. Select the maximum amount of grain from combed grain mass.

2. To exclude the accumulation of combed bread mass at the edges of the auger.

3. To reduce the range of parts of the header and accessories for the manufacture of overall parts.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the bottom under the screw is removable and has through holes, the size and shape of which does not impede the free passage of threshed grains of the harvested crop through them, and box-shaped pitched boards are installed from the extreme sides of the screw, with a slope to its middle under the bottom. forming a niche between themselves for placing the bottom of the grain heap conveyor in it, while the rear combing drum is mounted on the sides of the copying platform using adjustable plates at the level of the lower horizon the end of his comb.

The casing covering the front and rear combing drums and auger is made of two identical in shape parts mating with each other in radius, coming from the axis of the trunnion of the rear combing drum, while the front shield is mounted on the suspensions of the first combing drum, and the rear shield is mounted on the copy the platform.

An additional coil is fixed on each side of the screw, the outer end of which is located on the diametrically opposite side of the screw end from the screw tape.

The slope angle of the box-shaped pitched boards installed under the bottom of the screw is made equal to or greater than the natural slope angle of the harvested crop.

Thus, the claimed header for towing crops in the bud meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype in other technical solutions in this area are not identified, which allows us to conclude that the inventive header for towing crops in the bud meets the criterion of "significant differences".

Figure 1 shows the header for combing crops on the vine, left view; figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1; figure 3 is a longitudinal section of figure 1; figure 4 - section bb In figure 2.

The inventive header for towing crops on the vine (Fig. 1) contains a copying platform 1 with field dividers 2, a screw 3 with screw tapes 4 and a bottom 5 below it, front 6 and rear 7 along the direction of the cleaning drums with combs 8, closed by a casing 9, copying shoes 10, an inclined chamber 11 with a drive pulley 12, a conveyor 13 of under-ground ears, the bottom 14 of which has holes, a conveyor 15 of a grain pile, while the rear 7 combing drum and screw 3 are mounted in the copying platform 1, and the front 6 is installed flax trunnion 16 adjustable stripper drum 7 via suspension 17 with possibility to turn under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 18, double acting.

The bottom 5 under the screw 3 is removable and has through holes 19 (Fig. 2), the size and shape of which does not impede the free passage of threshed grains of the harvested culture through them, and box-shaped pitched ones are installed from the extreme sides of the screw 3 with a slope to its middle under the bottom 5 boards 20, forming a niche 21 between them for placing the bottom of the grain heap conveyor 15 in it, while the rear 7 combing drum is mounted on the sides 22 of the copying platform 1 using adjustable plates 23 at the level of the horizon of the lower end of its heat Enki 8.

The casing 9, covering the front 6 and rear 7 combing drums and screw 3, is made of two identical in shape parts (figure 3), mating with each other along the radius R, coming from the axis of the pin 16 of the rear 7 combing drum, while the front shield 24 mounted on the suspensions 17 of the first 6 stripping drum, and the rear shield 25 - on the copying platform 1.

On each side of the screw 3 an additional turn 26 is fixed (figure 2), the outer end of which is located on the diametrically opposite side of the end face of the screw 3 from the screw tape 4 (figure 4).

The angle a ° of the slope of the box-shaped pitched boards 20, installed under the bottom 5 of the screw 3 (figure 2), is made equal to or greater than the natural slope angle of the harvested crop.

Before starting work, depending on the type and condition of the crop being harvested, the position of the rear 7 combing drum is adjusted in height using adjustable plates 23 (Fig. 1) mounted on the sides 22 of the copying platform 1 so that the lower end of the comb 8 of the rear 7 combing machine the drum was at horizon level.

Then, the position of the front 6 combing drum mounted on the pins 16 of the rear 7 combing drum is adjusted by means of the suspension 17 with the ability to rotate under the action of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 18.

After adjusting the position of the front 6 and rear 7 combing drums, copy shoes 10 are set to the desired height so that the lower end of the comb 8 of the rear 7 combing drum does not touch the horizon.

The drive of the header for towing crops is carried out by the drive pulley 12 of the inclined chamber 11.

When moving the combine with the proposed header for towing crops standing (Fig. 1), the field dividers 2, mounted in front of the copying platform 1, divide the bread mass, forming a strip defining the width of the header of the header.

The front 6 and rear 7 combing drums, closed by a casing 9 and rotating towards each other, grabbing and combing the ears of grain or soybeans with combs 8 and throwing them to the screw 3, which moves with screw bands 4 along the bottom 5 (figure 2), which made removable and has through holes 19, the size and shape of which does not impede the free passage through them of threshed grains of the harvested culture.

When moving along the bottom 5 under the action of screw tapes 4, rotating together with the screw 3, the ears are partially threshed.

The threshed grain falls together with the floor through the through holes 19 of the bottom 5 and along the box-shaped pitched board 20 installed with a slope towards the middle of the screw 3 under the bottom 5, rolls into a niche 21 formed by the box-shaped pitched boards 20 and the conveyor 15 of the grain heap is sent to clean the combine thresher (not shown in FIG.).

Under-thinned ears of helical ribbons 4 are moved to the middle part of the screw 3 and sent to the conveyor 13 under-thinned ears, the bottom 14 of which has holes. When the conveyor 13 interacts with the bottom 14, the under-thinned ears are pounded. The grain and part of the floor fall through the holes of the bottom 14 to the conveyor 15 of the grain heap and are also sent to clean the combine thresher (not shown in Fig.).

The execution of the casing 9, covering the front 6 and rear 7 combing drums and screw 3, of two identical parts in shape, mating with each other along the radius R, coming from the axis of the pin 16 of the rear 7 combing drum, and fixing the front plate 24 on the suspensions 17 of the first 6 combing drum, and the rear flap 25 - on the copying platform 1, allows you to reduce the mass of the moving parts of the header, reduce the range of parts of the header and accessories for the manufacture of overall parts, which are the front 24 and rear 25 of the casing.

The presence on each side of the screw 3 of an additional turn 26, the outer end of which is located on the diametrically opposite (Fig. 4) side of the end of the screw 3 from the screw tape 4 (Fig. 4), eliminated the accumulation of combed bread mass along the edges of the screw 3.

The execution of the angle a ° of the slope of the box-shaped pitched boards 20, installed under the bottom 5 of the screw 3, equal to or greater than the natural slope angle of the harvested crop (figure 2), prevents the accumulation of grain heaps on the box-shaped pitched boards 20.

Using the proposed header for towing crops in the vine will allow:

1. Select the maximum amount of grain from combed grain mass.

2. To exclude the accumulation of combed bread mass at the edges of the auger.

3. To reduce the range of parts of the header and accessories for the manufacture of overall parts.

Claims (4)

1. The header for harvesting crops on the vine, containing a copying platform with field dividers, a screw with screw tapes and a bottom underneath, front and rear in the direction of travel combing drums with combs, closed by a casing, copying shoes, an inclined camera with a drive pulley, a conveyor unfinished ears, the bottom of which has holes, with a conveyor of grain heap, while the rear combing drum and auger are mounted in the copying platform, and the front one is mounted on the trunnions of the rear combing b using a suspension with the ability to rotate under the action of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that the bottom under the screw is removable and has through holes whose size and shape do not impede the free passage of threshed grains of harvested culture through them, and from the extreme sides of the screw with a slope to in the middle under the bottom there are box-shaped pitched boards forming a niche between themselves for placing the bottom of the grain pile conveyor in it, while the rear combing drum is installed it is mounted on the sides of the copying platform with the help of adjustable plates at the level of the horizon of the lower end of its comb. 2. The harvester for harvesting crops on the vine according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing covering the front and rear cleaning drums and auger is made of two identical in shape parts mating with each other along the radius coming from the axis of the axle of the rear cleaning drum while the front shield is mounted on the suspensions of the first stripping drum, and the rear shield is mounted on the copying platform. 3. The harvester for harvesting crops on the vine according to claim 1, characterized in that on each side of the screw an additional turn is fixed, the outer end of which is located on the diametrically opposite side of the end of the screw from the screw tape. 4. Reaper for harvesting crops under the vine according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the box-shaped pitched boards installed under the bottom of the screw is made equal to or greater than the natural slope angle of the harvested crop.

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