RU2450503C2 - Mowing machine with device for conditioning herbs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for fodder conservation. The mowing machine comprises a rotary disc cutting machine, a flattening machine with a rotor and a drive with variable rotary velocity. The rotor of the flattening machine has beater rods, pivotally mounted on its surface by diametrically opposite rows. The rotor is driven into rotation by the drive shaft and a freewheel unit. The beater rods of one row are located chequerwise with respect to the beater rods of the other row. All beater rods are made in the form of plates at the bottom of which perpendicular to their planes the sleeves are rigidly fixed. The upper part of the plates is provided with blunt hammers.

EFFECT: mowing machine provides mowing and the intensive cultivation of plants, followed by laying them in a roll.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used to harvest bulky feed in the form of hay, haylage, dried silage.

Known mower conditioner [1], containing a running gear, a drive mechanism, a beam cutting apparatus, a reel, auger, a loading window, a conditioning machine made in the form of a rotor located in the casing behind the loading window, with hinged blade-shaped and L-shaped knives, located on its surface diametrically opposite two rows along a helical line with their successive alternation in each row, has a direction of rotation from top to bottom in the direction of movement of the mower and the possibility of changing the clearance G between the knives and contradict a plate fixed at the bottom of the loading window, and a corrugated deck is installed under it, which allows you to adjust the gap Q at the exit of the plant mass and its flight path, which is provided by the inner surface of the upper generatrix of the unloading device with a tarpaulin blanking canopy fixed at its end and changing angle of inclination.

The disadvantage of this mower is the complexity of its design, especially the drive of the conditioning unit and the fact that the knives of the conditioning unit, creating a large air flow, drive the processed plant stems into the stubble. Thus, the drying process of injured plants is worsened and losses are increased.

Known mower with air conditioning [2], containing a rotary disk cutting apparatus, conditioner, swather. The rotor of the conditioning device (air conditioner), located in the casing behind the rotary cutting device, is equipped with articulated hammer cutting elements mounted on its surface in six rows, the elements of one row are placed relative to the elements of the other row in a checkerboard pattern, and their installation plane is located under An angle of 60 ° relative to each other, rotating from the bottom up, provides trauma to the stems, mowed plants when interacting with the deck and tram installed at the top of the entrance to the processing zone sorting along the inner surface of the upper generatrix of the casing, until it comes into contact with the baffle plate pivotally mounted on its end, after which the treated mass falls onto the mass stacker installed under the shield, and from it onto the stub, and the degree of mass processing is regulated by changing the clearance Q between -beat elements of the rotor and deck, as well as the rotor speed by transmitting torque to the intermediate sprocket, with which, respectively, the chain to the rotor sprocket. The angle of inclination of the baffle plate is regulated by holes in the strips pivotally mounted on the sides of the casing. The angle of the swather is adjusted by shortening or lengthening the chain.

The disadvantage of this mower is the complexity of the design and the regrinding of herbs during their processing, which leads to an increase in losses.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and reduce losses of harvested bulky feed in the form of hay and hay.

This goal is achieved in that the mower with a device for conditioning herbs contains a rotary disk cutting apparatus, a conditioning conditioner with a rotor equipped with articulated hammer saws, a drive with a variable speed. The conditioner rotor, driven into rotation from bottom to top by means of an overrunning clutch, is equipped with beams pivotally mounted on its surface diametrically opposite in two rows, and the beater of one row relative to the beat of the other row is staggered and made in the form of plates, in the lower part of which are rigidly the bushings are fixed perpendicular to their planes, and the upper one is equipped with blunt hammers installed at an angle φ = 60-90 ° to the vertical axes of the bushings.

Figure 1 presents a side view of a mower with a device for conditioning herbs; figure 2 is the same top view; figure 3 is a front view of the beat, figure 4 is the same side view, figure 5 is a location diagram of the beat on the scan of the rotor.

The mower with the device for conditioning grasses contains a supporting frame 1 with a hinge 2 and an angular gear 3, on which the cutting beam 4 with disks 5 with knives 6 (rotary disk cutting apparatus) for mowing plants and a conditioner (conditioner), consisting of the rotor 7 for processing them, fixed in hinges 8 on its surface in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other, diametrically opposite in two rows with beats 10, located in a housing consisting of sidewalls 11, upper surface 12, damping flap 13, ball irno fixed to the sidewalls 11, swath boards 14.

The torque from the gearbox 3 to the shank 15 of the rotor 7 is transmitted through the driveshaft 16 and the freewheel 17. The saw 10 consists of bushings 18 with a sliding sleeve 19, plates 20 and blunt hammers 21. In the lower part of the plates 20, the bushings 18 are rigidly fixed perpendicular to their planes . In the upper part of the plates 20, blunt hammers 21 are installed at an angle φ = 60-90 ° to the vertical axes of the bushings 18. The cutting bar 4 is based on the shoes 23, 24. The mower is transferred from the transport to the working position by turning the bar 4 with air conditioning relative to the hinge 25 with a hydraulic cylinder 26. In the transport position, the cutting bar 4 with air conditioning relative to the frame 1 is fixed by a bar 27. The angular gear 3 with the tractor PTO is connected to the driveshaft 29. The rotation speed of the rotor 7 is increased by connecting the driveshaft 16 the shank 30 of the intermediate sprocket 31 of larger diameter, through which the torque is transmitted through the chain 32 to the sprocket 33 of small diameter, mounted on the shank 15 of the rotor 7. The tension of the chain 32 is carried out by moving the base 34 of the sprocket 31 through the grooves 35 relative to the studs 36, mounted on the sidewall eleven.

The technological process of operation of the mower with a device for conditioning herbs is as follows. For transportation to the field, the mower hitch 2 is attached to the tractor, lifted by the tractor hydraulics, after which the beam 4 with the air conditioner is turned with the hydraulic cylinder 26 relative to the hinge 25 and fixed with a rod 27.

The bar 27 is disconnected on the field, after which the beam 4 with the air conditioner is lowered until the shoes touch the ground 23, 24. The angular gearbox 3 is connected to the tractor PTO shaft PTO shaft 29. Make a test swath and, due to the adjustment of the hinge plate, achieve such a position of the beam 4, which ensures the necessary cutting height for the knives 6 blades 5 of the cutting bar 4. The width of the formed roll is set by shields 14.

With the forward movement of the mower, the knives 6 of the rotary-disk cutting apparatus mow the plants and feed them to the bats 10, mounted on the surface of the rotor 7 in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other, diametrically opposite in two rows in hinges 8, which are picked up and transported from the bottom up along the mower along the upper surface 12 of the air conditioner housing until contact with the extinguishing shield 13.

In the interaction of blunt hammers 21 fixed in the upper part of the plates 20 beat 10 at an angle φ = 60-90 ° to the vertical axes of the bushings 18, the cuticle of the stems is damaged, which helps to speed up the wilting of herbs. The plates 20, in the lower part of which the bushings 18 are rigidly fixed perpendicular to their planes, do not create a strong air flow. The speed of the mass is extinguished by the shield 13, after which it fits into a loose roller. The torque is transmitted by the driveshaft 16 from the bevel gear 3 to the shank 15 of the rotor 7 by means of an overrunning clutch 17. When harvesting legumes, the driveshaft 16 is attached directly to the shank 15 of the rotor 7. When harvesting cereals, the rotation speed of the rotor 7 is increased by attaching the driveshaft 16 to the shank 30 of the intermediate sprocket 31 of larger diameter, through which the torque is transmitted through the chain 32 to the sprocket 33 of small diameter, mounted on the shank 15 of the rotor 7. Tension flail 32 is performed by moving the base 34 of the sprocket 31 by means of grooves 35 with respect to pins 36, 11 attached to the sidewall.

The inventive design of the mower with a device for conditioning herbs will allow for clean mowing of plants, and the use of beaters made in the form of plates, in the lower part of which bushings with hinges are rigidly fixed perpendicular to their planes, and blunt hammers are installed at the top at an angle φ = 60-90 ° relative to the vertical axes of the articulated bushings will allow for intensive processing of plants and laying in well-blown rollers, without driving plants into the stubble by reducing the air flow generated by the bills.

Bibliography

1. Patent No. 31907, IPC A01D 43/08, 43/10. Mower conditioner / Akhlamov Yu.D., Bondarev V.A., Otroshko S.A. and others - publ. 09/10/2003. - Bull. Number 25.

2. Patent No. 34308, IPC IPC A01D 43/06, 43/10. Mower with air conditioning / Akhlamov Yu.D., Bondarev V.A., Otroshko S.A. and others - publ. 12/10/2003. - Bull. No. 34.

Claims (1)

A mower with a device for conditioning herbs, comprising a rotary disk cutting apparatus, a conditioner with a rotor equipped with articulated hammer saws, a variable speed drive, characterized in that the rotor of the conditioner, driven from bottom to top by an overrunning clutch, is equipped with beats, two rows pivotally mounted on its surface diametrically opposite, and the beats of one row relative to the beats of the other row are staggered and made in the form of plates, in the lower part of which the bushings are rigidly fixed perpendicular to their planes, and the upper one is equipped with blunt hammers installed at an angle φ = 60-90 ° to the vertical axes of the bushings.

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